173 research outputs found
”Lärda nyheter” i Peter Hernquists korrespondens till Carl von Linné och Abraham Bäck - med kommentarer och utvikningar
No full textI detta Meddelande nr 55 från Veterinärhistoriska museet har författaren - professor emeritus Lars-Erik Appelgren - gjort ett urval av den korrespondens som Peter Hernquist hade med sina mentorer Carl von Linné och Abraham Bäck under sin vistelse i Frankrike, varvid ”Lärda nyheter” varit en ledstjärna för urvalet. Speciellt har breven till Bäck försetts med författarens personliga kommentarer men även kompletterats med faktaupplysningar från andra källor än breven om berörda nyheter. För att underlätta läsningen har dessa kommentarer omgetts med enkelkonturerad och utvikningarna med dubbelkonturerad ram. Lars-Erik Appelgren har inte bara genom sitt veterinärhistoriska författarskap utan också genom att ställa sina fackliga kunskaper och sin eminenta estetiska läggning till förfogande gjort Veterinärhistoriska museet ovärderliga tjänster. Det är med stor glädje jag noterar att region Uppsala nyligen visat sin uppskattning genom att tilldela Lars-Erik sitt Medicinhistoriska stipendium med motiveringen att de vill ”lyfta fram ett viktigt men ofta förbisett område inom medicinhistorien: veterinärmedicinen”. Med de varmaste gratulationer
Neuropeptides in temporomandibular joint arthritis
No full textInvolvement of the peripheral and central nervous systems in the pathophysiology of arthritis has been suggested and neuropeptides are thought to participate in the mediation and modulation of the inflammatory process.The main objective of the clinical studies was to investigate the relationship between the presence of neuropeptides in the synovial fluid of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and the stomatognathic symptoms and signs, including the intra-articular temperature (IAT), in patients with TMJ arthritis. In addition, intra-articular treatment with glucocorticoids was evaluated by examining the neuropeptide Y (NPY) concentrations in the arthritic TMJ and corresponding symptoms and signs. An experimental animal model of TMJ arthritis was conducted to study the peripheral and central effects of induced monoarthritis in the rat TMJ on the NPY concentrations in TMJ tissue and selected brain regions.Patients with TMJ arthritis and general inflammatory joint disease were subjected to arthrocentesis to enable joint fluid sampling, intra-articular temperature recordings and administration of glucocorticoids. The clinical parameters also included pain (assessed with a visual analog scale), hyperalgesia (determined by a pressure pain threshold), mandibular mobility (indirectly reflected by the mouth opening capacity) and occlusal signs of TMJ tissue destruction. The concentrations of neurokinin A- (NKA-), substance P- (SP-), calcitonin generelated peptide- (CGRP-) and NPY-like immunoreactivity (-LI) were determined with the use of competitive radioimmunoassay technique.NKA-LI, SP-LI, CGRP-LI and NPY-LI were found in concentrations above the plasma level in the synovial fluid of the rheumatoid TMJ. Changes in the IAT corresponded to changes in joint fluid NPY-LI and CGRP-LI and the patients with intra-articular hypothermia had the highest joint fluid concentrations of NPY-LI. Moreover, the IAT was found to be positively correlated to the joint fluid concentrations of SP-LI. Pain, hyperalgesia, restricted mouth opening and occlusal signs of TMJ tissue destruction were associated with the high concentrations of CGRP-LI and NPY-LI. Interestingly, TMJ pain and hyperalgesia were found to be negatively correlated to the high concentrations of SP-LI. Intra-articular glucocorticoid treatment of the arthritic TMJ was associated with a short-term decrease in joint fluid NPY-LI in conjunction with a general improvement of the TMJ symptoms and signs.Monoarthritis in the rat TMJ induced a uni- and/or bilateral decrease in NPY-LI in the TMJ tissue 1, 5 and 10 weeks after inoculation. Concomitant changes in central NPY expression were observed in the hippocampus, the hypothalamus and the pituitary brain regions. It may be concluded that SP, CGRP and NPY are present in the joint fluid of the arthritic TMJ fluid and it is suggested that these neuropeptides may participate in the mediation and modulation of TMJ arthritis involving the peripheral, central and sympathetic nervous systems.List of scientific papersI. Appelgren A, Appelgren B, Eriksson S, Kopp S, Lundeberg T, Nylander M, Theodorsson E (1991). Neuropeptides in temporomandibular joints with rheumatoid arthritis: a clinical study. Scand J Dent Res. 99(6):519-521. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1722347II. Appelgren A, Appelgren B, Kopp S, Lundeberg T, Theodorsson E (1993). Relation between the intra-articular temperature of the temporomandibular joint and the presence of neuropeptide Y-like immunoreactivity in the joint fluid. A clinical study. Acta Odontol Scand. 51(1):1-8. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8451918III. Appelgren A, Appelgren B, Kopp S, Lundeberg T, Theodorsson E (1993). Relation between intra-articular temperature of the arthritic temporomandibular joint and presence of calcitonin gene-related peptide in the joint fluid. A clinical study. Acta Odontol Scand. 51(5):285-91. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8279269IV. Appelgren A, Appelgren B, Kopp S, Lundeberg T, Theodorsson E (1995). Neuropeptides in the arthritic TMJ and symptoms and signs from the stomatognathic system with special consideration to rheumatoid arthritis. J Orofac Pain. 9(3):215-25. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8995921V. Alstergren P, Appelgren A, Appelgren B, Kopp S, Lundeberg T, Theodorsson E (1996). The effect on joint fluid concentration of neuropeptide Y by intra-articular injection of glucocorticoid in temporomandibular joint arthritis. Acta Odontol Scand. 54(1):1-7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8669234VI. Appelgren A, Appelgren B, Kopp S, Lundeberg T, Theodorsson E (1998). Substance P-associated increase of intra-articular temperature and pain threshold in the arthritic TMJ. J Orofac Pain. 12(2):101-7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9656887VII. Appelgren A, Appelgren B, Carleson J, Kopp S, Theodorsson E, Lundeberg T. Central and peripheral changes in neuropeptide Y-like immunoreactivity following adjuvant monoarthritis in the rat temporomandibular joint. [Manuscript]</p
Handhyvlade svängda profiler – ett gästhantverkarprojekt
No full textFilm, 60 minuter, på YouTubekanal: HantverkslaboratorietFinsnickare Olof Appelgren nytillverkar handhyvlade, profilerade och svängda snickerier i utvecklingsprojektet Tottieska gården, Skansen, Stockholm. Ett samarbetsprojekt mellan Stiftelsen Skansen och Hantverkslaboratoriet. En film av Tomas Wiedersheim-Paul, 2017
Vaccino antinfluenzale stagionale in Italia: misurare l’efficacia sul campo e la sicurezza : Stagione 2015-2016
No full textIn Italia, nella stagione influenzale 2015-2016 sono stati condotti dall’Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), con il supporto dell’Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco (AIFA), due studi al fine di stimare l’efficacia sul campo (I-MOVE, Influenza - Monitoring Vaccine Effectiveness) e valutare la sicurezza (SVEVA, Studio sulla Valutazione degli Eventi dopo Vaccinazione Antinfluenzale) del vaccino antinfluenzale. Nel complesso hanno aderito 8 Regioni che corrispondono a oltre metà della popolazione italiana nel 2015 (non tutte le Regioni hanno aderito a entrambi gli obiettivi di studio). Nello studio I-MOVE sono stati reclutati 1.094 casi di ILI (Influenza-Like Illness), dai 64 medici di medicina generale e pediatri di libera scelta partecipanti (506 casi e 498 controlli). I risultati suggeriscono che il vaccino ha conferito una protezione moderata nei confronti del tipo virale A(H1N1)pdm09 e molto bassa per A(H3N2) e B a causa del sostanziale grado di mismatch antigenico osservato, rispetto al ceppo vaccinale. Nello studio SVEVA sono stati monitorati 3.213 soggetti vaccinati e rilevati 854 (26%) eventi dopo 7 giorni dalla vaccinazione, la maggior parte dei quali di lieve entità. Al fine di ottenere stime di efficacia più solide e descrivere eventi avversi rari, è necessario tuttavia raggiungere una numerosità campionaria maggiore.In Italy, during the 2015/2016 flu season, the National Institute of Health (ISS), with the support of the Italian Drug Agency (AIFA), conducted two studies to estimate vaccine effectiveness (I-MOVE) and evaluate safety (SVEVA) of the flu vaccine. A total of 8 regions, among 21, participated to the study which can correspond to more than 50% of the Italian population in 2015 (not all regions participated to both objectives of the study). For the I-MOVE study, 1094 cases of ILI (506 cases and 498 controls) were recruited by 64 general practitioners and pediatricians. The results indicate that the vaccine gave moderate protection against the virus type A (H1N1) pdm09 and very low protection for A (H3N2) and B due to the antigenic mismatch that was observed, compared to the vaccine strain. For SVEVA study, 3213 vaccinated cases were monitored and 854 (26%) side effects were notified after 7 days of vaccination, the major part were mild. In order to obtain more solid data regarding vaccine effectiveness, and to describe rare adverse events, it is necessary to increase the sample size of both studies
Vaccino antinfluenzale stagionale in Italia: misurare l’efficacia sul campo e la sicurezza. Stagione 2015-2016.
No full textVaccino antinfluenzale stagionale in Italia: misurare l’efficacia sul campo e la sicurezza. Stagione 2015-2016
De-escalation of axillary surgery in breast cancer : patient experiences, arm morbidity, and health-related quality of life
No full textIn breast cancer surgery for node-positive disease, axillary staging surgery is typically performed alongside the tumour removal. Arm morbidity is a known consequence of axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). Although current studies are investigating the de-escalation of axillary surgery in sentinel node-positive breast cancer, its consequences on arm morbidity remains insufficiently understood. This thesis aims to increase the knowledge on how different axillary staging surgical methods affect patient-reported arm morbidity, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and everyday life.Study I evaluated the impact of omitting of ALND on arm morbidity and HRQoL in patients with 1-2 sentinel lymph node macrometastases undergoing primary surgery. One-year patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) from 976 participants in the randomised SENOMAC trial (Sweden and Denmark) were analysed (sentinel lymph node biopsy [SLNB] only: n=501, SLNB+ALND: n=475). PROMs were reported using EORTC QLQ-C30, EORTC QLQ-BR23, and Lymph- ICF-UL questionnaires between March 2015 and June 2019. One year after surgery, the SLNB only group reported significantly lower arm morbidity than the SLNB+ALND group, although no significant differences in overall HRQoL were seen.Study II was a descriptive qualitative study exploring women's experiences of arm impairment following axillary staging surgery. Six focus group discussions were held with 28 relapse-free, Swedish-speaking women between September and December 2022. The qualitative content analysis resulted in one overall theme, "Balancing challenges and personal resources", and three categories: "Sense-making", "Daily life", and "Driving force". Participants described varying degrees of arm-related challenges. While most were satisfied with their everyday life in relation to arm symptoms, those with more pronounced arm impairment experienced a negative impact on everyday life. Key coping strategies included understanding symptoms, adapting routines, and the use of empowering resources.Study III, a cross-sectional cohort study, evaluated the reliability and validity of the Swedish version of the Lymph-ICF-UL questionnaire. Between October 2024 and March 2025, 27 Swedish-speaking women without diagnosed lymphoedema, who had one year earlier undergone surgery for node-positive breast cancer, participated. The study included back-translation into English, test-retest analysis, assessment of internal consistency and construct validity, as well as evaluation of face and content validity. The instrument demonstrated good stability and internal consistency, with moderate to good construct validity. Face and content validity supported its use in assessing arm dysfunction after axillary staging surgery.Study IV was an international, prospective cohort study examining the association between patient-reported arm morbidity and ALND, targeted axillary dissection (TAD), or SLNB following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) for breast cancer. PROMs from 1,293 women across 15 countries who had converted to clinical node negativity through NACT were assessed using the Lymph-ICF-UL questionnaire. Data were collected between June 2020 and January 2025, with surgery performed no later than 30 June 2023. Findings indicate that ALND is associated with a worse progression of arm morbidity from preoperative status to one-year post-surgery compared to TAD or SLNB. Adjusted odds indicated a higher likelihood of severe arm-related physical dysfunction following ALND than after TAD or SLNB.In summary, SLNB and TAD seems to be associated with better preservation of arm function compared to ALND. Although significant differences in arm morbidity were observed, HRQoL did not differ between groups. However, women in the interview study who experienced more severe arm impairment also described a negative impact on their everyday lives. These findings support the ongoing de-escalation of axillary staging in breast cancer care. However, the long-term consequences of arm morbidity and HRQoL remain to be fully understood.List of scientific papersI. Appelgren M, Sackey H, Wengström Y, Johansson K, Ahlgren J, Andersson Y, Bergkvist L, Frisell J, Lundstedt D, Rydén L, Sund M, Alkner S, Vrou Offersen B, Filtenborg Tvedskov T, Christiansen P, de Boniface J, on behalf of the SENOMAC Trialists' Group. Patient-reported outcomes one year after positive sentinel lymph node biopsy with or without axillary lymph node dissection in the randomized SENOMAC trial. The Breast. 2022;63(3):16-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.breast.2022.02.013II. Appelgren M, Wengström Y, de Boniface J, Sackey H. 'Balancing Challenges and Personal Resources': A Qualitative Study of Women's Experiences of Arm Impairment After Axillary Surgery for Breast Cancer. JAN. 2025; 81(6):3156-3165. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.16517III. Appelgren M, Sackey H, Lindgren A, Johansson K, de Boniface J, Wengström Y. Validation of the Swedish Lymphoedema Functioning, Disability and Health (Lymph-ICF-UL) Questionnaire: A Cross-Cultural Psychometric study. [Submitted]IV. Appelgren M, Sackey H, Banys-Paluchowski M, Hartmann S, Lundholm C, Wihlfahrt K, Berger T, Aktas Sezen B, Jursik K, Wagner J, Wengström Y, Hauptmann M, Schroth J, Thill M, Ditsch N, Stickeler E, Peintinger F, Vanhoeij M, Dostalek L, Kontos M, Zippel D, Gentilini OD, Di Micco R, Schlichting E, Rebaza LP, Murawa D, Pinto D, Bonci E-A, Rubio I, Gasparri ML, Hein A, Thiemann E, Holmstrand Zetterlund L, Karadeniz Cakmak G, Kühn T, de Boniface J, on behalf of the AXSANA Study Group. Patient-reported arm morbidity following axillary staging surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer: one-year results from the EUBREAST-3 AXSANA cohort study. [Manuscript]</p
Mandatory and recommended vaccination in the EU, Iceland and Norway: results of the VENICE 2010 survey on the ways of implementing national vaccination programmes
No full textThis report provides an updated overview of recommended and mandatory vaccinations in the European Union (EU), Iceland and Norway, considering the differences in vaccine programme implementation between countries. In 2010, the Vaccine European New Integrated Collaboration Effort (VENICE) network, conducted a survey among the VENICE project gatekeepers to learn more about how national vaccination programmes are implemented, whether recommended or mandatory. Information was collected from all 27 EU Member States, Iceland and Norway. In total 15 countries do not have any mandatory vaccinations; the remaining 14 have at least one mandatory vaccination included in their programme. Vaccination against polio is mandatory for both children and adults in 12 countries; diphtheria and tetanus vaccination in 11 countries and hepatitis B vaccination in 10 countries. For eight of the 15 vaccines considered, some countries have a mixed strategy of recommended and mandatory vaccinations. Mandatory vaccination may be considered as a way of improving compliance to vaccination programmes. However, compliance with many programmes in Europe is high, using only recommendations. More information about the diversity in vaccine offer at European level may help countries to adapt vaccination strategies based on the experience of other countries. However, any proposal on vaccine strategies should be developed taking into consideration the local context habits
Mandatory and recommended vaccination in the EU, Iceland and Norway: results of the VENICE 2010 survey on the ways of implementing national vaccination programmes
No full textThis report provides an updated overview of recommended and mandatory vaccinations in the European Union (EU), Iceland and Norway, considering the differences in vaccine programme implementation between countries. In 2010, the Vaccine European New Integrated Collaboration Effort (VENICE) network, conducted a survey among the VENICE project gatekeepers to learn more about how national vaccination programmes are implemented, whether recommended or mandatory. Information was collected from all 27 EU Member States, Iceland and Norway. In total 15 countries do not have any mandatory vaccinations; the remaining 14 have at least one mandatory vaccination included in their programme. Vaccination against polio is mandatory for both children and adults in 12 countries; diphtheria and tetanus vaccination in 11 countries and hepatitis B vaccination in 10 countries. For eight of the 15 vaccines considered, some countries have a mixed strategy of recommended and mandatory vaccinations. Mandatory vaccination may be considered as a way of improving compliance to vaccination programmes. However, compliance with many programmes in Europe is high, using only recommendations. More information about the diversity in vaccine offer at European level may help countries to adapt vaccination strategies based on the experience of other countries. However, any proposal on vaccine strategies should be developed taking into consideration the local context habits
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