372 research outputs found
Professor R Duncan and Dr A Greig, Recipients of Australian University Teaching Awards
No full textANU Reporter Photos - Poets' Lunch, ANUTECH Literary Prize Winners, Australian University Teaching Awards, etc. - Prof. F. H. (Fred) Gruen, Anne Edgeworth, Paul Hetherington, Craig Cormick, Kate Regnault, Kate Ward, Dr. Alex Zelinsky, Judith Wright, Prof. R. Duncan, Dr. A. Greig, Prof. Ralph Elliott, Kate Regnault, Kate Ward & other
David Greig: dramaturgies of encounter and engagement [special issue of Contemporary Theatre Review]
No full textA special edition of Contemporary Theatre Review focusing on the theatre works of playwright David Greig. Produced following the University of Lincoln's Annual Playwright's Festival 2014.</p
David Greig: dramaturgies of encounter and engagement [special issue of Contemporary Theatre Review]
No full textA special edition of Contemporary Theatre Review focusing on the theatre works of playwright David Greig. Produced following the University of Lincoln's Annual Playwright's Festival 2014.</p
A screen for recessive speciation genes expressed in the gametes of F1 hybrid yeast
No full textDiploid hybrids of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its closest relative, Saccharomyces paradoxus, are viable, but the sexual gametes they produce are not. One of several possible causes of this gamete inviability is incompatibility between genes from different species-such incompatible genes are usually called "speciation genes.'' In diploid F1 hybrids, which contain a complete haploid genome from each species, the presence of compatible alleles can mask the effects of ( recessive) incompatible speciation genes. But in the haploid gametes produced by F1 hybrids, recessive speciation genes may be exposed, killing the gametes and thus preventing F1 hybrids from reproducing sexually. Here I present the results of an experiment to detect incompatibilities that kill hybrid gametes. I transferred nine of the 16 S. paradoxus chromosomes individually into S. cerevisiae gametes and tested the ability of each to replace its S. cerevisiae homeolog. All nine chromosomes were compatible, producing nine viable haploid strains, each with 15 S. cerevisiae chromosomes and one S. paradoxus chromosome. Thus, none of these chromosomes contain speciation genes that were capable of killing the hybrid gametes that received them. This is a surprising result that suggests that such speciation genes do not play a major role in yeast speciation
Genetic and evolutionary analysis of diversification and reproductive isolation in yeast
No full textIn this thesis, I examine the mechanisms of evolution at different levels, from evolutionary conflict between selfish genes within a single individual (Chapter 1), through social evolution acting within a species (Chapter 2), to genetic divergence and incompatibility between closely related species (Chapters 4 & 5). The thesis therefore investigates how tiny genetic differences occurring in individuals accumulate and produce discontinuous groups. The first chapter explores an interesting form of natural selection, acting independently on different genomes within the same cell. Natural selection can act at the level of individual genes: an allele that promotes its own transmission can increase in frequency despite reducing the fitness of the rest of the genome (Dawkins 1978). This phenomenon, known as intragenomic conflict (Hurst 1992), has long been hypothesized to drive evolution, forcing different lineages to adapt to the genes within their own genomes and therefore causing their genomes to diverge, and potentially, to become incompatible types. Here I test whether intragenomic conflict drives evolutionary change by evolving yeast populations in the laboratory, to see if intra-genomic conflicts would lead genomes in independent populations to become incompatible. After allowing populations to evolve under two treatments of strict vertical transmission of mitochondria, or mixed horizontal/vertical transmission, I tested the evolutionary changes in interactions between mitochondrial and nuclear genomes in the continuum of mutualism and selfishness. As predicted, increasing the independence of mitochondria from their hosts (by increasing outbreeding) reduced the evolved fitness benefit that mitochondria provided to their un-evolved hosts. The results presented in this chapter hint that intra-genomic conflicts can speed up the evolution of cyto-nuclear reproductive isolation between allopatric populations. The second chapter also looks at whether conflict, this time between individuals in a population rather than between genes within an individual, can lead to diversification, not just in the form of single nucleotide replacements but at the under-examined form of copy number variation. The sharing of the secreted enzyme invertase (encoded by SUC genes) by yeast cells is a well-established laboratory model used to test social conflict models. Moreover, yeast populations vary in SUC gene copy numbers. The observed copy number variation has been suggested to be the result of natural selection acting at the level of social conflict. However, genetic variation might instead be explained by adaptation of different populations to different local availabilities of sucrose, the substrate for the SUC gene product. Here, I 6 provide evidence showing that the variation observed in natural populations is better explained by the environmental adaptation hypothesis rather than the social conflict hypothesis (Bozdag & Greig 2014). The final chapters take a different approach: rather than at bottom-up approach testing how natural selection (intra-genomic conflict, social conflict and environmental adaptation) may drive diversification or divergence into different types, I take a top-down approach, testing which genetic changes are responsible for the discontinuities between already established types (between two species of yeast, S. cerevisiae and S. paradoxus). In chapter three, I look at how nucleotide sequence variation can accumulate to such an extent that it prevents the segregation of diverged chromosomes, causing sexual incompatibilities between established types (different species). Here, I have genetically manipulated interspecific hybrids with the aim of inducing crossovers between their diverged chromosomes. This manipulation increased recombination rates significantly compared to unmanipulated hybrids. Increased recombination caused a remarkable increase in the fertility of the yeast hybrids, from 0.5% viable gametes to over 30% viable gametes. I conclude that the reduced recombination in interspecific hybrids is responsible for at least one third of the hybrid gamete death. And finally in chapter four, I determine how individual genetic changes can cause incompatibility, potentially preventing certain individuals from breeding together and therefore allowing the accumulation of further genetic changes. Here I assayed a hybrid strain for two-locus incompatibilities (Bateson-Dobzhansky-Muller genic incompatibilities) between the two parental yeast species. If such genic incompatibilities exist, the proportion of viable offspring bearing the hybrid combination for a pair of loci should be significantly lower than the proportion bearing the non-hybrid (i.e. parental) combination. To check this, I exploited the improved viability of interspecific hybrids obtained in the chapter three. As a result, I present seven putative BDMI regions between the two sibling species of yeast
Die natürliche Ökologie von Saccharomyces Hefen
No full textThe extensive existing knowledge about S. cerevisiae based on studies in the lab or in human-made fermentations is unrivaled. Surprisingly almost nothing is known about the natural ecology of the yeast. Wild Saccharomyces are referred as being associated with oak trees especially the bark, which seems surprising considering the high sugar conditions in for example the wine making process. Almost all wild Saccharomyces isolates come from oak but this does not necessarily mean that this is really its primary habitat. There exists a strong bias according to focusing on this environment for sampling as well as to the isolation protocols used. Until now, the yeast / oak association could not be convincingly proved. The aim of this thesis is to shed some light on the natural ecology of Saccharomyces yeast and to specifically search for the natural environment of the yeast. For this approach a combination of field work, next-generation sequencing of the oak bark environment as well as experiments of wild Saccharomyces with naturally co-occurring microorganisms was used.Das ausgeprägte Wissen über S. cerevisiae basierend auf Studien im Labor oder in vom Menschen geschaffenen Fermentationen, ist bemerkenswert. Überraschenderweise ist allerding fast nichts über die natürliche Ökologie der Modellhefe bekannt. Wilde Saccharomyces Hefen werden als assoziiert mit Eichen, vor allem deren Borke, bezeichnet, was überrascht, wenn man die hohen Zuckerkonzentrationen zum Beispiel im Weinherstellungsprozess betrachtet. Fast alle wilde Saccharomyces Isolate kommen von Eichen, was aber nicht bedeutet, dass dies auch wirklich das eigentliche Habitat der Hefe ist. Es existiert eine starke Tendenz sich auf dieses Habitat zu fokussieren, wenn in der Umwelt nach Saccharomyces gesucht wird. Ausserdem führt das Isolationsprotokoll, das normalerweise verwendet wird, zu einer verschobenen Sichtweise. Bis heute konnte die Hefen / Eichen Assoziierung nicht überzeugend bewiesen werden. Das Ziel dieser Dissertation ist es, ein wenig Licht in die natürliche Ökologie von Saccharomyces Hefen zu bringen und vor allem nach der natürlichen Umwelt der Hefe zu forschen. Für diese Fragestellung wurde eine Kombination aus Feldarbeit, Hochdurchsatz Sequenzierung der Eichenborkenumwelt, wie auch Experimente mit wilder Saccharomyces Hefe und natürlicherweise co-existierenden Mikroorganismen verwendet
They Came to Murramarang: A History of Murramarang, Kioloa and Bawley Point
No full textThey Came to Murramarang was first published in 1994, providing the New South Wales South Coast villages of Bawley Point, Kioloa and the surrounding area with an authoritative history from colonial settlement through to the contemporary era. In considering another reprint, two decades after its initial release, the author Bruce Hamon was aware that the region has experienced considerable
development since the early 1990s and it is appropriate to consider these changes. Bruce was also aware of research conducted into particular historical episodes associated with the region since the original publication, which augments his account presented in They Came to Murramarang. Furthermore, he felt that the original text provided only a brief glimpse into the rich story of the Indigenous custodians of the country, even though the book presented a fascinating account of early colonial frontier conflict. In incorporating these changes and discoveries, Bruce sought assistance from sociologist Dr Alastair Greig, along with that of Dr Sue Feary, an archaeologist with extensive knowledge of Indigenous history and environmental policy in the region
Metamorphosis in Polarities: The Impact of Kawai Kanjirō on New Zealand Potter James Greig
No full textJames Greig (1936–1986), a New Zealand potter active between 1958 and 1986, was greatly inspired by Kawai Kanjirō (1890–1966), who was one of the founding members of the Mingei (Japanese folk crafts movement). To date, Greig’s achievement has received insufficient scholarly attention. This thesis aims to explore Greig’s philosophy and artwork through mixed empirical methods, qualitative oral histories, and analysis of archival materials, letters, images and films. After documenting the contexts of the historical interactions between Japanese and New Zealand potters, Greig’s career in pottery is framed through an analysis stretching from his early life, encounters with Japan and on to personal and institutional support for his later learning, writing and exhibitions.The development of New Zealand studio pottery when Greig began his career in the early 1960s was shaped by the visits of advocates of Mingei movement from Britain and Japan. This thesis examines the integration of Japanese-style pottery into the ceramic art practice of New Zealand from the 1940s to the 1960s. It also explores significant figures within the New Zealand and Japanese art scenes who facilitated an active pottery movement in New Zealand. These initiators inspired Greig’s motivation for creating Japanese-style pottery and his discovery of Kawai’s work.Japan’s rapid economic growth in the 1970s led to the formation of a new relationship with New Zealand and created a favourable environment for potters, whose artworks were displayed at Expo ’70 in Osaka. This study reveals Greig’s critical role as a cultural ambassador between Japan and New Zealand that he played at the time of the opening of the new cultural relationship between the two nations. Examining Greig’s career between 1969 to 1986 creates another lens through which his underlying intentions and idiosyncratic approach (his “gesture”) become clear and should be better appreciated. The heart of this thesis is the transcription and analysis of Greig’s handwritten manuscript (four unpublished notebooks) for a planned book on Kawai in 1983. It details Greig’s spiritual vision for handcrafted pottery as enabling “access to the universal spirit” and creating a new “universal language of forms” to express “the formative forces” of the “archetypes and real sources of art”. The discussion also shows the influence of Rudolph Steiner (1861–1925), the founder of anthroposophy, on Greig. Steiner’s ideas on the polarities of life and consciousness, body/soul/spirit and his interpretation of The Metamorphosis of Plants (1790) by German Romantic author Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749–1832) further inspired Greig and his subsequent development of pottery as a transformative practice. This thesis also offers a technical analysis of Greig’s artwork with a focus on his exhibitions in New Zealand. Greig’s key concepts of “life growth, intersecting planes, polarities, ‘solid and void’, emblem and transformations”, are explored through his manuscript, catalogue, his artworks and their impact on Japan and New Zealand (Greig 1982h).Greig’s life and work demonstrate that he worked in an environment which was moving rapidly, both economically and culturally. His achievement as an artist potter and his philosophy and artworks themselves transcended his times.</p
IRI-Scotland academic author survey
No full textIRIS academic author survey pt1: Survey Overview.
Number of respondents: 488
Expected number of respondents: 500
Response rate: 97.6%
Launch date: 15 Mar 2006
Close date: 25 Apr 2006
IRIS academic author survey pt2: Survey Overview.
Number of respondents: 53
Expected number of respondents: 50
Response rate: 106.0%
Launch date: 19 May 2006
Close date: 28 May 2006The IRI-Scotland project (http://www.iriscotland.lib.ed.ac.uk/) carried out a series of online questionnaires in 2006 to assess the attitudes towards open access and institutional repositories within the higher education community in Scotland. In total, three questionnaires were targeted at different stakeholder groups within the community - academic authors, technical staff responsible for repository development, and senior management from academic libraries.
For logistical reasons the first survey was undertaken during two different time periods and was aimed at academic authors from the following higher education institutions in Scotland; Abertay University, Dundee University , Edinburgh College of Art, Edinburgh University, Glasgow University, Glasgow Caledonian, Heriot Watt University, Robert Gordon University, St Andrews University, Stirling University, Strathclyde University, University of Aberdeen, University of Dundee, and University of Paisley. Library or Information services staff arranged for an email to be sent to as many research staff as possible from the target community.
We present here anonymous data from the two parts of the academic author survey in comma separated value format.JISC Digital Repositories Programme 2005 - 200
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