597 research outputs found
All-Sky 1 km MODIS Land Surface Temperature Reconstruction Considering Cloud Effects Based on Machine Learning
No full textOpen AccessArticle
All-Sky 1 km MODIS Land Surface Temperature Reconstruction Considering Cloud Effects Based on Machine Learning
by Dongjin ChoORCID,Dukwon Bae,Cheolhee YooORCID,Jungho Im *ORCID,Yeonsu LeeORCID andSiwoo LeeORCID
Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Anand Inamdar
Remote Sens. 2022, 14(8), 1815; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14081815
Received: 9 February 2022 / Revised: 5 April 2022 / Accepted: 7 April 2022 / Published: 9 April 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Land Surface Temperature Estimation Using Remote Sensing)
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Abstract
A high spatio-temporal resolution land surface temperature (LST) is necessary for various research fields because LST plays a crucial role in the energy exchange between the atmosphere and the ground surface. The moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) LST has been widely used, but it is not available under cloudy conditions. This study proposed a novel approach for reconstructing all-sky 1 km MODIS LST in South Korea during the summer seasons using various data sources, considering the cloud effects on LST. In South Korea, a Local Data Assimilation and Prediction System (LDAPS) with a relatively high spatial resolution of 1.5 km has been operated since 2013. The LDAPS model???s analysis data, binary MODIS cloud cover, and auxiliary data were used as input variables, while MODIS LST and cloudy-sky in situ LST were used together as target variables based on the light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM) approach. As a result of spatial five-fold cross-validation using MODIS LST, the proposed model had a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.89???0.91 with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.11???1.39 ??C during the daytime, and an R2 of 0.96???0.97 with an RMSE of 0.59???0.60 ??C at nighttime. In addition, the reconstructed LST under the cloud was evaluated using leave-one-station-out cross-validation (LOSOCV) using 22 weather stations. From the LOSOCV results under cloudy conditions, the proposed LightGBM model had an R2 of 0.55???0.63 with an RMSE of 2.41???3.00 ??C during the daytime, and an R2 of 0.70???0.74 with an RMSE of 1.31???1.36 ??C at nighttime. These results indicated that the reconstructed LST has higher accuracy than the LDAPS model. This study also demonstrated that cloud cover information improved the cloudy-sky LST estimation accuracy by adequately reflecting the heterogeneity of the relationship between LST and input variables under clear and cloudy skies. The reconstructed all-sky LST can be used in a variety of research applications including weather monitoring and forecasting
Evaluation of accelerated test parameters for migration testing of food packaging
No full textThis thesis focused on determining or evaluating accelerated analytical protocol for detecting potential migrants from food contact surface of conventional ink printed and/or UV/EB cured food packaging to food. Due to “offset transfer” effect of food packaging system, the need of fast and precise migration testing protocols emerged, which are in compliance with FDA recommendation and FDA guideline. In this study, variations of migration levels by change of testing parameters such as agitation, temperature, time, simulated solvent, and solvent volume/surface area ratio were investigated. Furthermore, the comparison studies of migration level between water soluble and insoluble compounds were performed. Single-side cell extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used to detect migrant compounds. Through the conclusion, 24-hour accelerated migration testing protocols are suggested and evaluated, which are regarded to be equivalent to the FDA recommended testing protocols.M.S.Includes bibliographical referencesBy Shin Bae Ki
[[alternative]]CREATE YOUR OWN FATE :TWO RUNNER’S LIFE STORY
No full text[[abstract]]CREATE YOUR OWN FATE :
TWO RUNNER’S LIFE STORY
Master’s Thesis, June, 2006 Wu, Bae-Chyi
Advisor: Liu, I-Min Ph.D.
Abstract
“Running is the Way for Runner to Achieve Self-Realization and Mental Fortitude”. This article explored two runners’ experiences of marathon running and presented through the telling of life’s stories. To experience personally what inspirations running could bring to life, the author chose running as a total novice. From the initial physical and mental anguish, struggle and through continual adaptation, training and retrospection, the author gradually discovered the fun of running and the wide spectrum of emotions it generated - tranquility, flowing, soul-searching, torment, bondage, contradiction…etc. These voices enriched and changed the life of the author in a subtle way. The author was also able to discern life’s philosophies in the process. In the lapse of time, the author reviewed his own life story back and forth, and shared the story of runner Ahdar. He re-discovered himself, re-acquainted with himself, and realized that he still held many dreams and that running was a goal he could achieve. The temple of marathon is a symbol. Stepping into this temple is as if breaking through the cocoon in a rebirth, during which pain is a part of the experience. The pain suffered during training for marathon helps accumulate the strength to face future challenges. A person who has completed the pilgrimage of marathon will be likely to gain greater strength to realize other dreams in life.
Key words: Running, Runner, Life story
About Quaternary prevention in Public health ; comment on Dr Jong-Myon Bae paper
No full textpeer reviewedThe recent paper of Dr Jong-Myon Bae about Quaternary Prevention and Public Health in your journal has attracted my interest. The spread of this concept is beyond all expectation and I am quite happy it contributes to the analytic thinking of complexity of health care.
The particular application of the quaternary prevention (P4) concept is absolutely brilliant. Nevertheless I would propose some slight modifications to the table 1 edited by the author which I have taken the liberty to reproduce here with the due authorization of Dr Bae and after several mail exchanges with him
Moderate alcohol intake reduces risk of ischemic stroke in Korea : Author Response
No full textThe conclusion of the study by Lee et al.1 should be limited to about 60% of Koreans with normal acetaldehyde-metabolizing capacity from intact aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2). The nondrinker reference group appeared to be largely different from those of similar Western studies, potentially more prone to stroke, likely suggesting overestimation of beneficial effect by moderate alcohol intake.N
High photosensitive sol-gel hybrid materials for direct photo-imprinting of micro-optics
No full textSol- gel derived inorganic- organic hybrid materials ( HYBRIMERs) were found to have high photosensitivity arising from large changes in refractive index and volume upon exposure to light. These materials combined different photosensitive mechanisms due to the presence of polymers and silica in the HYBRIMER structure. Photo- induced densification of a germanium- doped HYBRIMER gave an increase in refractive index accompanying a volume contraction. A methacrylate HYBRIMER was decomposed by long UV illumination, giving a low refractive index and resulting in a reduction in film thickness. Also, photo- initiators were locked inside the methacrylate HYBRIMER during illumination, giving a simultaneous increase in the refractive index and film thickness. Direct photo- imprinting using the photosensitive HYBRIMER was demonstrated for simple fabrication of gratings, microlens, and waveguides using a photomask, a phase mask, an interferometer, and laser writing.The author gratefully acknowledges the financial support
of the Sol-Gel Innovation Project (SOLIP) funded
by Ministry of Commerce, Industry, and Energy
(MOCIE) in Kore
Effects of Exhaust Throttling on Engine Performance and Residual Gas in an SI Engine
No full textThe author would like to thank CERC (Combustion Engineering Research Center), KAIST for the financial support
Innovation strategy of local pharmaceutical firms in Korea: a multivariate analysis
No full textThis article examines 37 local pharmaceutical firms in Korea to identify different patterns of innovation behaviour associated with four types of firms, which are categorized by two variables: the scale of operation and technological capability. Both bivariate and multivariate analyses support the hypotheses that these four types of firms exhibit different innovation strategies and in turn the level of performance they achieved. There are also fragmented indications that many local firms have long evolved from small firms with low capability to large firms with high capability. Finally, managerial and theoretical implications for the innovation strategies in LDCs/NICs are discussed. -from Author
Author Correction: Performance of the comprehensive nutrition screening index in predicting mortality after cardiac surgery
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