763 research outputs found
A model for predicting driver workload in the freeway environment: a feasibility study
No full textAs freeway interchanges and other highway design features increase in complexity and sophistication, the limit of man's ability to perceive and process information is approached. Current freeway speed zones and requirements for sign information processing, coupled with planned changes in each of these areas, suggests that the driver may not be left with sufficient spare time to look for and avoid accidents. Drivers today need that extra margin of safety, and it can frequently be provided by highway design. This research is concerned with the development of a driver workload model. The essential purpose of the model is to predict how busy a driver will be while driving on highways of varying design. The model may be used to assist a designer in evaluating a proposed roadway design for the purpose of identifying and alleviating unacceptable workload imposed on the driver by the roadway. After a review of the current literature, the author concluded that sufficient data sources existed for the development of a driver workload model. To increase the usefulness of the model, however, two studies were carried out. The objectives of the research were to determine: a.) driver overload point for different combinations of tracking and discrete workload, b.) the relationship between predicted stress and the percent of the operator's attention demanded by a task, c.) the amount of steering workload imposed on a driver by different maneuvers at varying speeds, and d.) how the average driver steers a car in a highway lane. ..
Portrait of Lawrence Larry Connors
No full textPortrait of Lawrence Larry Connors was a log driver and lumberman who was born about 1835 in County Galway, Ireland. He married Rebecca Alice Johnston, the daughter of Victor and Peace Hathorn Johnston. Father of Mary Elvira (Connors) Inman and grandfather of Edward C. Sullivan (1901-1986) who provided this image to the archives. Larry Connors was killed in June 1868 while breaking a log jam at Ripogenus Gorge West Branch of Penobscot River. According to the notice of his death in the June 12, 1868 issue of The Union and Journal newspaper, Biddeford, Maine, While breaking a jam a log flew round by the force of the water, and striking Connors killed him instantly. Negative no. 8065. Source: Edward C. Sullivan. was a log driver and lumberman who was born about 1835 in County Galway, Ireland. He married Rebecca Alice Johnston, the daughter of Victor and Peace Hathorn Johnston. Father of Mary Elvira (Connors) Inman and grandfather of Edward C. Sullivan (1901-1986) who provided this image to the archives. Larry Connors was killed in June 1868 while breaking a log jam at Ripogenus Gorge West Branch of Penobscot River. According to the notice of his death in the June 12, 1868 issue of The Union and Journal newspaper, Biddeford, Maine, While breaking a jam a log flew round by the force of the water, and striking Connors killed him instantly. Negative no. 8065. Source: Edward C. Sullivan.https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/nafoh_gallery/1174/thumbnail.jp
Free space optical system performance for a Gaussian beam propagating through non Kolmogorov weak turbulence
No full textAtmospheric turbulence has been described for many years by Kolmogorov's power spectral density model because of its simplicity. Unfortunately several experiments have been reported recently that show Kolmogorov theory is sometimes incomplete to describe atmospheric statistics properly, in particular in portions of the troposphere and stratosphere. It is known that free space laser system performance is limited by atmospheric turbulence. In this paper we use a non-Kolmogorov power spectrum which uses a generalized exponent instead of constant standard exponent value 11/3 and a generalized amplitude factor instead of constant value 0.033. Using this spectrum in weak turbulence, we carry out, for a Gaussian beam propagating along a horizontal path, analysis of long term beam spread, scintillation, probability of fade, mean signal to noise ratio and mean bit error rate as variation of the spectrum exponent. Our theoretical results show that for alpha values lower than 11/3 , but not for alpha close to 3 , there is a remarkable increase of scintillation and consequently a major penalty on the system performance. However when alpha assumes values close to 3 or for alpha values higher than 11/3 scintillation decreases leading to an improvement on the system performanc
Oral History Interview with Larry R. Churchill
No full textThis interview with Professor Larry Churchill, PhD, is part of “Moral Histories: Voices and Stories from the Founding Figures of Bioethics,” an oral history project of the Johns Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics. Prof. Churchill is the Ann Geddes Stahlman Professor Emeritus of Medical Ethics and Professor Emeritus of Medicine, Religion, and Philosophy at Vanderbilt University. He is the author of several books, notably Everyday Ethics, What Patients Teach, Healers, and Bioethics Reenvisioned. His areas of expertise include clinical medical ethics, endof-life care, healthcare rationing, justice in healthcare, and human subject research. Churchill discusses his upbringing in Hector, Arkansas, and his education at Southwestern (now Rhodes College) and Duke University. He reflects on his early career as a Presbyterian minister and his transition to bioethics. Churchill discussed his career at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, including the establishment of a social medicine department and the creation of an ethics center that highlighted the importance of humanities and social sciences in medical education. Churchill detailed his extensive work in clinical ethics rotations while at Vanderbilt and created the Center for Biomedical Ethics and Society. He also describes his work in bioethics as it relates to healthcare reform; he recalls scholarship of his in which he advocated for universal coverage based on self-interest rather than altruism. He discusses the Clinton era healthcare reform failure as being due to vested interests and the persistence of healthcare lobbyists.
He emphasized the role of narrative in ethics and the need for a holistic approach that includes reason, memory, imagination, and emotions. Churchill also touched on the challenges of healthcare commodification and the importance of respect and cultural humility in bioethics. Professor Churchill shares his recent work that focuses on the significant health impacts of climate change and the need for bioethicists to address it. The interview concludes with Churchill reflecting on aging and his current work which integrates his bioethics and philosophy training with a holistic view of life that includes gratitude, awe, spiritual growth, and compassion
Oral History Interview with Larry R. Churchill
No full textThis interview with Professor Larry Churchill, PhD, is part of “Moral Histories: Voices and Stories from the Founding Figures of Bioethics,” an oral history project of the Johns Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics. Prof. Churchill is the Ann Geddes Stahlman Professor Emeritus of Medical Ethics and Professor Emeritus of Medicine, Religion, and Philosophy at Vanderbilt University. He is the author of several books, notably Everyday Ethics, What Patients Teach, Healers, and Bioethics Reenvisioned. His areas of expertise include clinical medical ethics, endof-life care, healthcare rationing, justice in healthcare, and human subject research. Churchill discusses his upbringing in Hector, Arkansas, and his education at Southwestern (now Rhodes College) and Duke University. He reflects on his early career as a Presbyterian minister and his transition to bioethics. Churchill discussed his career at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, including the establishment of a social medicine department and the creation of an ethics center that highlighted the importance of humanities and social sciences in medical education. Churchill detailed his extensive work in clinical ethics rotations while at Vanderbilt and created the Center for Biomedical Ethics and Society. He also describes his work in bioethics as it relates to healthcare reform; he recalls scholarship of his in which he advocated for universal coverage based on self-interest rather than altruism. He discusses the Clinton era healthcare reform failure as being due to vested interests and the persistence of healthcare lobbyists.
He emphasized the role of narrative in ethics and the need for a holistic approach that includes reason, memory, imagination, and emotions. Churchill also touched on the challenges of healthcare commodification and the importance of respect and cultural humility in bioethics. Professor Churchill shares his recent work that focuses on the significant health impacts of climate change and the need for bioethicists to address it. The interview concludes with Churchill reflecting on aging and his current work which integrates his bioethics and philosophy training with a holistic view of life that includes gratitude, awe, spiritual growth, and compassion
A modelling approach to predict the variation of repeatability and reproducibility of a RT-PCR assay for infectious salmon anaemia virus across infection prevalences and infection stages
No full textConventional studies on the precision of diagnostic tests with binary outcomes report single descriptive estimates of agreement for a particular pool of samples. However, agreement for binary tests is intrinsically associated with the assay operating characteristics that are influenced by population and laboratory covariate factors. Therefore, reporting agreement estimates under various conditions may be more appropriate for diagnostic test comprehension. In this study, the influence of various submission factors (tissue sample homogenization, prevalence of infection and pathogen level) on agreement was further analyzed using test result information from a previous descriptive report of within and between laboratories agreement (repeatability and reproducibility, respectively) of a Reverse-Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) assay for infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV). Multilevel logistic regression models were constructed separately for non-, low- or high-infected salmon (classified using a study pseudogold standard) to predict probabilities of testing positive under different testing conditions. For each of the 3 infection categories, agreement and kappa values within and between laboratories were computed from the models' predicted values using probability formulae. Thereafter, overall estimates were predicted using simple category weighting for various proportions of infection stages. Agreement varied substantially among infection categories and, consequently, overall repeatability and reproducibility varied greatly with prevalence. This confirmed that the report of a single descriptive estimate (corresponding to a set prevalence) may not be appropriate. Low-infected fish had the lowest agreement estimate which was improved by sample homogenization. This supported a heterogeneous distribution of ISAV in early infected salmon kidney. However, tissue homogenization increased the probability to obtain a false-positive test result (cross-contamination suspected) and decreased agreement in non-infected fish. Compared to conventional report of test agreement estimation, the modelling approach identified influencing submission factors and provided predictive intervals of agreement that give a better expectation and understanding of assay repeatability and reproducibility under different circumstances of use.Charles Caraguel, Henrik Stryhn, Nellie Gagné, Ian Dohoo, Larry Hammellhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/219452
Estimating water requirements for hard red spring wheat for final irrigations
No full textBulletin no. 833 Moscow, Idaho :University of Idaho, College of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension System, 2001-05-01. Author(s): Ashley, Roger O.; Robertson, Larry D.; Seyedbagheri, Mir M.; Hopkins, Ivan C
The Oxidation Properties of Iron-Nickel Alloys in CarbonDioxide-Carbon Monoxide Atmospheres at 1000°C
No full textTitle: The Oxidation Properties of Iron-Nickel Alloys in CarbonDioxide-Carbon Monoxide Atmospheres at 1000°C, Author: Larry A. Morris, Location: ThodeIn this thesis, the results of oxidation tests carried out on iron-nickel
alloys in carbon dioxide - carbon monoxide atmospheres at 1000°C are
presented. Linear oxidation kinetics were observed for the formation of
wustite on alloys containing up to 50 weight % nickel. Spinel oxides appear
on alloys containing greater them 50% nickel. A subscale developed in
all alloys investigated. An oxidation model is presented for the constant
uptake of oxygen based on detailed balancing of the individuol reaction
steps, assuming thet dissociation of carbon dioxide is the rate controlling
process. The subscale formation mechanism is based on the principles of
diffusion in multicomponent metallic systems . Theoretical relationships
are presented which adequately account for the experimental observationThesisDoctor of Philosophy (PhD
Sea lice on wild juvenile Pacific salmon and farmed Atlantic salmon in the northernmost salmon farming region of British Columbia
No full textThe Kitasoo/Xai'xais First Nation established a program to monitor sea lice levels on seaward migrating wild juvenile salmon in their traditional territory which contains the most northerly salmon farming region of British Columbia. A total of 12 locations were routinely sampled during the period between 2005 and 2008 to gain a better understanding of the levels and patterns of sea lice infestation on wild salmonids in the region. Over 5000 juvenile salmon were collected and examined for sea lice. Around 78% were identified as pink salmon, 18% were chum salmon and the remainder classified as ‘other’ salmon (coho and sockeye salmon). Two species of sea lice were observed: Lepeophtheirus salmonis and Caligus clemensi. Over 91% of all the juvenile salmon examined had no sea lice and there was no significant difference in L. salmonis prevalence levels among salmon species. However, chum salmon had significantly lower C. clemensi prevalence levels than either pink or ‘other’ salmon. There were significant annual and regional differences in L. salmonis prevalence on juvenile pink salmon; the lowest prevalence in all sampling zones occurring in 2008, while channels containing salmon farms consistently had higher levels than those without salmon farms. Mean prevalence of L. salmonis in the channels with salmon farms ranged from 2% to 9% which is lower than levels published for the same region in different years or for other areas without salmon farms. C. clemensi prevalence on wild pink salmon was associated with sampling zone and the size of pink salmon; larger juvenile fish were more likely to be infected than smaller fish. During the period of wild juvenile salmon migration, the mean abundance of motile stages of L. salmonis on farmed salmon ranged from 0.13 to 0.79 lice per fish but there were no significant differences among years. In comparison, C. clemensi abundance levels on farms were significantly higher in 2005. Factors contributing to variations in these observations are discussed.Source type: Electronic(1
Reading acts of narrative appropriation: four instances of fraudulent memoir
No full textPhDThis thesis examines acts of narrative appropriation, the telling of purportedly‘authentic’ life stories by those for whom the stories are not theirs to tell. This
misuse or subversion of genre - the discipline of historical writing and the category
of autobiography - becomes a means for cultural, social and political dissimulation,
and the analysis focuses both on the act: the event, trespass, or ‘theft’ of another’s
life story, and on the cultural meaning that this event reveals. These narrative acts
are approached theoretically through discussions of what it means to be an author, a
reader, and through the consideration of literary and social genre, category and form.
In exploring identities at particular risk of appropriation, this thesis shows how
fraudulent appropriated narratives affect our reading of the world, and in turn
influence our perception of already marginalized social groups. My primary
examples include prostitution ‘narratives’, Native North American ‘memoir,’ and
fraudulent Holocaust survivor ‘testimony,’ with each text providing decoded
evidence of ‘genre-bending’ exhibiting a social and political intent. These works
seek to be read as authentic personal narratives, as autobiography, and that is how
they have been presented to the reader. However, they are imposters – fictional tales
desiring the elevated status of historical authenticity and willing to bend the rules
and contracts of genre to achieve their end. Here the appearance of authenticity is
achieved through the use of cultural and social ‘myth,’ or perceptions of cultural
identity, and as such its fraudulent construction is first and foremost a social act,
with a social and economic motivation. As this thesis concludes, these texts are
most successful when their own political and social ideologies echo and confirm that
of the readership; when their subjects, the fraudulent ‘I’ at the center of the text is
also a performative elaboration of cultural belief
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