189 research outputs found
Polyphony and the anxiety of influence in the fiction of Henry James
No full textJames's fiction, especially in the Middle Phase, centres
on the figure of the artist and is characterized by, the two
interrelated aspects which previous criticism has largely
overlooked: the Bakhtinian 'polyphonic' -creation of
'author-thinkers'; and the conflict between ephebes and
precursors, for which Harold-Bloom's concept of 'the-anxiety of
influence' is the most illuminating model. Polyphony is the
narrative mode, and influence is the intra-artistic, theme.
These, as the Introduction to the thesis makes clear, are
rehearsed in James's inaugural novel, Roderick Hudson. Rowland
Mallet is an author-thinker, and his failure is caused by
authorial limitations. His monologism -is impaired by his
mistaking empathy for the authorial sympathy. Likewise,
Hudson's failure does not arise from a mercurial temperament,
but from a polyphonic shortcoming: not possessing the power of
fiction to contain the fiction of power in, his mentor. And the
relationships among the three artists - Gloriani, Hudson and
Singleton - perfectly exemplify the Bloomian-theme. It is these
two concepts, polyphony and influence, which are the major
preoccupation in the Middle Phase; as, the works chosen
demonstrate. These are a novella, a novel, and a number of
short stories all of which have been unjustifiably neglected.
Chapter One, on The Aspern Papers, argues that Tina Bordereau,
far from being, the artless victim seen by many critics,
actually challenges and defeats the narrator by the very form
of her narrative. Her 'realist' discourse undermines his
language of 'romance', and shows up its internal unstability.
Chapter Two is an extensive study of the critical reception of
The Tragic Muse. The most common areas of critical attention
have been its contemporary topicality, its relation to previous
novels on similar themes, and the possible genealogy of Gabriel
Nash. Those have all missed the core of the work. - Chapter Three
demonstrates how polyphony and the anxiety of influence make
the novel what it really is. Influence arises from the
juxtaposition of, and the wrestling between, artistic ephebes
and their precursors (Nick and Nash,, Miriam and Madame Carre).
The dialogic quality defined by Bakhtin is crucial to the
proper, and even-handed, characterization of all, the conflicts
in the novel. And since most of James's tales in the eighties
and nineties -are about 'masters - and acolytes, the anxiety of
influence remains central. Chapter Four is a study of 'The
Author of Beltraffiol' and 'The Lesson of the Master'. Again the
characters' manipulations are a crucial focus in a way that
G6rard Genette's terminology helps to illuminate. The fact that
the ephebe is the author-thinker emphasizes the inextricability
of the Bakhtinian and the Bloomian in James. Just as
polyphony offers a different focus for explicating the poetics
of James's fiction; so the ephebal conflict provides the basis
for a fresh perception of James's own artistic struggle
Ecological Relationships of Breeding Blue-winged Teal to Prairie Potholes
No full textEcology and behavior of breeding blue-winged teal (Anas discors) were studied in northeastern Day County, South Dakota in 1965 and 1966. Breeding pair use of the wetland habitat and importance of Type 1 ponds in the wetland complex were evaluated. Pair densities of 30.7 and 33.0 per square mile in 1965 and 1966, respectively, were above the 16-year average from 1950-66 and near maximum. Blue-winged teal comprised 46.7 percent of the waterfowl breeding population in 1965 and 51.7 percent in 1966. Number of water areas per square mile through mid-spring 1965 was comparable to the average for the 16-year period 1950-66, whereas during late spring 1965 and throughout the 1966 spring breeding seasons the number of water areas increased to near optimum conditions. Annual breeding-pair densities from 1950-66 appeared to be largely influenced by water conditions, and pair-density fluctuations resulted from changes in number of wet ponds from late April through mid-May. Variations in water conditions after this period did not appear to have as great an effect on teal numbers. Home ranges of 14 blue-winged teal pairs averaged 160 acres and ranged from 74 to 215 acres. Activity centers, the functional part of the home range, averaged 24 acres for 12 pairs, and ranged from 10 to 39 acres. Primary waiting areas of drakes were usually located on water closest to the nest. Use of wetland habitat by pairs changed throughout the spring breeding seasons. During the post-arrival period teal congregated on larger wetlands. With onset of egg-laying, pairs dispersed into ponds throughout the wetland complex to establish breeding home ranges. Other factors that influenced changes in habitat use included: 1) pond type and size, 2) availability of wet ponds, 3) breeding cycle phenology, and 4) land use, Number of blue-winged teal pairs per unit area of water was highest in 1965 and 1966 on Type 1B ponds, followed in decreasing order by Types 3, 1A, and 4 and 5. Greater use of Type 1B ponds was probably related to larger ratio of edge or shoreline to unit area of water. Interspersion of many small wetlands throughout the breeding habitat provided for maximum pair dispersal during egg-laying and early incubation stages of the reproductive cycle
Lockheed Martin Dedication Ceremony of the John C. Stennis Space Center
No full textLockheed Martin Dedication Ceremony of the John C. Stennis Space Center with Roy Estess, Bill Hansen, Ronnie Musgrove, Trent Lott, Gene Taylor, and Roderick Pullman
Models for the Adaptive Harvest Management of Rocky Mountain Sandhill Cranes: Problems and Potential
No full textThe migratory Rocky Mountain Population (RMP) of the greater sandhill crane (Grus canadensis tabida) breeds primarily in river valleys, marshes, and meadows of western Montana and Wyoming, southeastern Idaho, northern Utah, and northwestern Colorado. The RMP winters primarily in the Middle Rio Grande Valley of New Mexico, with smaller concentrations in the southwestern parts of that state, southeastern Arizona, and the northern highlands of Mexico. The San Luis Valley of Colorado is used as a stopover in both the spring and fall migrations. The RMP has been hunted on a permit basis since 1981, and currently these cranes are harvested in Arizona, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming, and in Mexico. There are several sources of historic information on the dynamics of this population. Age ratios have been estimated from field observations in the San Luis Valley during fall migration since 1972. Cranes were banded, mostly on summer areas, from 1969-89, pnd re-sighted throughout the annual cycle. Aerial surveys and coordinated ground counts have been conducted either during spring migration in the San Luis Valley or in fall prior to migration since 1984 and 1987, respectively. A harvest survey has been conducted since 1981. Current monitoring programs include the fall assessment of age ratios, the fall premigration coordinated count, and the harvest survey. We discuss current attempts to use these information sources to build recruitment, survival, and harvest models for use in adaptive harvest management
Status of Tundra Swans and Trumpeter Swans in Mexico
No full textVolume: 109Start Page: 693End Page: 70
Harts Basin, Colorado: A Spring Migration Stopover Area for Rocky Mountain Sandhill Cranes and Whooping Cranes
No full textGreater sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis tabida) from the Rocky Mountain Population (RMP) and whooping cranes (G. americana) reared by RMP foster parents were monitored during 1980-95 at a traditional spring migration stopover at Harts Basin in western Colorado. Counts during March and April 1986-93 showed that a mean of 10,656 RMP sandhill cranes stopped annually for 1 or more nights en route from their spring staging area in the San Luis Valley, Colorado, to summer grounds. More than 96% stopped between 11 March and 10 April. Count data indicated that \u3e 50 % of the RMP stopped annually at Harts Basin during spring migration. Ninety-three whooping crane sightings were recorded during 16 years (X ~ 5.8, annual range 2-12) with peak migrations (77.4%) during 1-10 April. Most whooping cranes (88.2%) migrated in April through Harts Basin during the latter half of the sandhill crane migration period. Managing human disturbance near roost sites at Fruit Growers Reservoir between 10 March and 20 April would help ensure continued long-term use of the area by migrants
Capturing Whooping Cranes and Sandhill Cranes by Night-lighting
No full textWe caught 19 adult (\u3e 1.5 years old) whooping craoes (Grus americana) in 84 capture attempts (23 % success) by nightlighting during 1981-91 in Idaho, Wyoming, and New Mexico, including 17 for experimental purposes and 2 that were debilitated (aviao cholera aod lead poisoning). We also captured 250 greater saodhill craoes (G. canadensis tabida), including 157 adults aod 93 juveniles, on summer areas at Grays Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Idaho, to color-mark them for behavioral and movement studies. Night-lighting equipment included an 8.5-kg portable generator mounted on an aluminum back-pack frame and a 12- or 28-V spotlight mounted on a helmet. Large fish laoding nets with 3.0- to 3.6-m haodles were used to capture craoes. Capture success was influenced by the presence of other avian species, habitat type, weather, and nocturnal conditions such as moon phase and amount of starlight. Cranes were most easily caught when roosting with few other cranes and other aquatic birds on very dark, overcast nights or during inclement weather. Night-lighting was a safe, effective, but strenuous technique for capturing cranes widely dispersed on summer areas and for targeting specific individuals. Fifty-three other avian species were captured with the back-pack night-lighting unit
The expedition of Humphry Clinker. /
No full textAuthor of Roderick Random is Smollett. Cf. Halkett & Laing.Mode of access: Internet
Marking Power Lines to Reduce Avian Collision Mortality in the San Luis Valley, Colorado
No full textWe examined the effectiveness of 2 marking devices designed to increase visibility of power lines and reduce avian collision mortality during spring and fall migration periods, 1988-91, in the San Luis Valley, Colorado. Eight O.8-km segments of power line were marked with either yellow spiral vibration dampers or yellow fiberglass swinging plates and compared with 8 adjoining unmarked segments. Primary species groups studied included cranes (Grus canadensis and G. americana), Canada geese (Branta canadensis), and ducks (various Anatinae). Raptors, shorebirds, wading birds, and passerines were also monitored. Both marker types reduced avian collision mortality by \u3e 50% (n = 139, P \u3c 0.02). Mortality rates (collisions/overflights) on marked lines were reduced by a factor of2.1 for ducks, 4.6 for cranes, and 6.7 for geese. Flight behavior responses to marked lines varied among species groups with regard to reaction type, reaction distance, and height above line. Cranes were more affected by marked lines with regard to their reaction type and distance than were geese or ducks. Generally, all species flew higher over marked lines. Weather, particularly wind, was a significant factor influencing collision frequency (P \u3c 0.05). Juvenile cranes were more vulnerable to collisions than adults (P \u3c 0.01). Most birds involved in collisions were healthy and in goodexcellent body condition, indicating disease and condition were not important factors influencing collision frequency. Because fiberglass plates caused structural damage to electric distribution lines, spiral vibration dampers used alone or in combination with avian marker balls are recommended as methods for reducing avian collision mortality in problem areas
Sandhill Crane Surveys in the Northern Interior Highlands of Mexico
No full textMost sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) wintering in Mexico are found in the northern Interior Highlands of Chihuahua. We surveyed sandhill cranes in the states of Chihuahua and occasionally Durango, Mexico, in winters 1972-90. The population averaged 23,106 (SD = 10,369) in 11 counts at 5-6 areas in Chihuahua. Laguna de Babicora, the most important wetland for cranes wintering in Mexico, had the largest numbers (X = 16,012), followed by Ascension (x = 2,405) and Laguna de los Mexicanos (x = 1,468). All 3 migratory subspecies were present. The lesser subspecies (G. c. canadensis) comprised 85.7% of the popUlation; the greater (G. c. tabida) and Canadian subspecies (G. c. rowani) comprised the remainder. The Canadian subspecies could not be differentiated from the greater subspecies in field surveys. However, we estimated 20 % of those classified as large cranes may have been the Canadian SUbspecies. The lesser subspecies averaged 9.9 % young, and families had a mean of 1.16 young. The 2 larger subspecies averaged 7.6% young, and families averaged 1.15 young. The proportion of the 2 larger subspecies in winter flocks was higher (p \u3c 0.(01) in northern Chihuahua than at winter sites farther south. Lesser and Canadian sandhill cranes wintering in Chihuahua and Durango belong to the western subpopulation of the mid-continent popUlation which mixes annually with greater sandhill cranes from the Rocky Mountain popUlation. From greater sandhill cranes banded and coIormarked in Rocky Mountain states, we received 11 band recoveries and observed 29 color-marked cranes at 7 areas in Chihuahua and at 1 site in Durango. The future security of some wetlands, especially Laguna de Babicora, is uncertain due to proposed habitat alterations. Major alterations of these wetlands would have serious adverse impact on many species of aquatic migratory birds, including several endangered species using these areas in the Mexican Interior Highlands
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