9 research outputs found
Corporate Boards and Ownership Structure as Antecedents of Corporate Governance Disclosure in Saudi Arabian Publicly Listed Corporations
Full text linkWe investigate whether and to what extent publicly listed corporations voluntarily comply with and disclose recommended good corporate governance (CG) practices, and distinctively examine whether the observed cross-sectional differences in such CG disclosures can be explained by ownership and board mechanisms with specific focus on Saudi Arabia. Our results suggest that corporations with larger boards, a big-four auditor, higher government ownership, a CG committee and higher institutional ownership disclose considerably more than those that are not. By contrast, we find that an increase in block ownership significantly reduces CG disclosure. Our results are generally robust to a number of econometric models that control for different types of disclosure indices, firm-specific characteristics and firm-level fixed-effects. Our results have important implications for policy-makers, practitioners and regulatory authorities, especially those in developing countries across the globe
Analisa Resiko pada Kebocoran Pipa Bawah Laut dengan Metode Hybrid Risk Analysis
Full text linkDalam tugas akhir ini telah dilakukan kajian mengenai analisa resiko pada kebocoran pipa bawah laut dengan menggunakan metode hybrid risk analysis. Kajian diawali dengan menentukan ruang lingkup analisa menggunakan fault tree analysis yang kemudian bisa ditentukan main event dari kegagalan kebocoran pipa bawah laut hingga menuju basic event-nya. Setelah menentukan ruang lingkup analisa maka dilanjutkan dengan menghitung besar frekuensi tiap kejadian dengan menggunakan quantitative method. Pada perhitungan ini diketahui besar frekuensi basic event melalui data dari paper scientific programming dan scientific research kemudian dihitung frekuensi akibat dari kejadian tersebut menggunakan Boolean Equation hingga didapatkan besar frekuensi dari kegagalan akibat kebocoran pipa bawah laut sebesar 0.0013. Setelah mengetahui berapa besar probabilitas kegagalan, dilanjutkan dengan menentukan berapa besar dampak atau konsekuensi dari kegagalan tersebut. Konsekuensi kegagalan ditentukan berdasarkan dampaknya terhadap keselamatan, lingkungan, dan juga bisnis. Pada penentuan besar dampak dengan qualitative method digunakan kuisioner wawancara ke beberapa responden. Setelah mendapatkan hasil wawancara kuisioner maka dihitung mean dari hasil kuisioner untuk menentukan berapa besar dampak dari kegagalan tersebut berdasarkan keselamatan, lingkungan, dan bisnis. Setelah mengetahui berapa besar probabilitas dan konsekuensi dari kegagalan tersebut, maka tentukan posisi zona resiko pada matriks resiko yang mengacu pada DNV RP-G101. Setelah mengetahui posisi zona resiko, maka bisa ditentukan bagaimana cara mengendalikan resiko berdasarkan pendekatan sebab-akibat.
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In this final project has been conducted a study on risk analysis on subsea pipeline leakage by using hybrid risk analysis method. The study begins by determining the scope of the analysis using fault tree analysis which can be determined the main event of the leakage failure of subsea pipeline until the basic event. After determining the scope of the analysis then proceeded to calculate the frequency of each event using the quantitative method. In this calculation is known the frequency of basic event through data from scientific paper programming and scientific research and then calculated the frequency result of top event using Boolean Equation until we get the frequency of failure due to leakage pipelines for 0.0141213. After knowing how big the probability of failure, followed by determining how much impact or consequence of the failure. The consequences of failure are determined based on their impact on safety, environment, and business. In the determination of the impact with the qualitative method using questionnaires interviews to some respondents. After obtaining the result of questionnaire interview then calculated the mean of the questionnaire result to determine how big impact of the failure is based on safety, environment, and business. After knowing how big the probability and consequences of the failure, then determine the position of the risk zone on the risk matrix that refers to DNV RP-G101. After knowing the position of the risk zone, it can be determined how to control risk based on cause-effect
Analisa Strategi pada Bisnis Startup Garmen dengan Metode Objectives and Key Results di Rumah Kapas Holding, Ltd.
Full text linkRumah Kapas adalah perusahaan yang bergerak dalam bidang garmen. Rumah Kapas dalam perjalanannya pada tahun pertama dalam pencapaian target 5 tahunan mengalami penurunan performa dari yang diharapkan. Oleh sebab itu perlu untuk melakukan analisa strategi untuk membantu Rumah Kapas kembali dalam lajur perkembangannya.
Pada proses pengerjaan analisis strategi ini akan melewati beberapa proses yaitu pengolahan data dari analisis internal maupun eksternal perusahaan dengan metode/model David (2017). kemudian dilanjutkan dengan melakukan analisis berdasarkan model Five Forces Driving Competition (Porter, 1996). Dari model tersebut akan menjadi output berupa rekomendasi strategi yang akan diterjemahkan dalam bentuk objectives dan juga key results oleh metode Objectives and Key Results (OKR).
Dari hasil alternatif strategi tersebut, dengan menggunakan QSPM (David, 2017), diperoleh TAS (Total Attractiveness Score) tertinggi yaitu sebesar 6,24 pada alternatif strategi membangun integrasi ekosistem digital untuk mengurangi ketergantungan terhadap teknologi luar negeri.
Untuk mempersiapkan alternatif strategi tersebut, manajemen perusahaan Rumah Kapas harus menyiapkan SDM dengan spesifikasi sebagai Project Manager, pelatihan karyawan untuk Business Continuity Planning, dan juga membuka peluang kepada venture capital baru agar berinvestasi pada project digitalisasi Rumah Kapas.
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Rumah Kapas is a company engaged in the garment industry. Rumah Kapas in its journey in the first year in achieving the 5 year target has decreased the performance than expected. Therefore it is necessary to conduct a strategy analysis to help Rumah Kapas return to its development lane.
In the process of working on the analysis of this strategy will go through several processes, namely processing data from internal and external analysis of the company with David's method / model (2017). then proceed with an analysis based on the Five Forces Driving Competition model (Porter, 1996). The model will be output in the form of strategy recommendations which will be translated into objectives and also key results by the Objectives and Key Results (OKR) methods. From the results of these alternative strategies, using QSPM (David, 2017),
the highest TAS (Total Attractiveness Score) was obtained, which was 6.24 in the alternative strategy to build the integration of digital ecosystems to reduce dependence on foreign technology.
To prepare alternative strategies, Rumah Kapas company management must prepare human resource with specifications as Project Managers, employee training for Business Continuity Planning, and also open opportunities for new venture capital to invest in the Rumah Kapas digitization project
Risk Analysis on Leakage Failures of Pipelines Using Hybrid Risk Analysis Method
Full text linkIn this final project has been conducted a study on risk analysis on subsea pipeline leakage by using hybrid risk analysis method. The study begins by determining the scope of the analysis using fault tree analysis which can be determined the main event of the leakage failure of subsea pipeline until the basic event. After determining the scope of the analysis then proceeded to calculate the frequency of each event using the quantitative method. In this calculation is known the frequency of basic event through data from scientific paper programming and scientific research and then calculated the frequency result of top event using Boolean Equation until we get the frequency of failure due to leakage pipelines for 0.0141213. After knowing how big the probability of failure, followed by determining how much impact or consequence of the failure. The consequences of failure are determined based on their impact on safety, environment, and business. In the determination of the impact with the qualitative method using questionnaires interviews to some respondents. After obtaining the result of questionnaire interview then calculated the mean of the questionnaire result to determine how big impact of the failure is based on safety, environment, and business. After knowing how big the probability and consequences of the failure, then determine the position of the risk zone on the risk matrix that refers to DNV RP-G101. After knowing the position of the risk zone, it can be determined how to control risk based on cause-effect
Astrology in literature: how the prohibited became permissible in the Arabic poetry of the mediaeval period
Full text linkThis thesis is concerned to position the art of astrology within the context of classical Arabic poetry, primarily by investigating and elucidating attitudes to the notion of
qadar (fate) and the ideology in which it was embedded. These attitudes were revelatory of the broader world view of the Arabs of those periods, and their shifts from those held in the pre-Islamic and early Islamic eras tell us a good deal about the importance given to the nature and role of fate and about the various understandings of its influence. The pre-Islamic Arab's notion of qadar was in some ways similar to that of the early Muslims: both emphasised predetermination and the irresistible power of fate. But while the jahilf (Pre-Islamic) Arabs identified fate with the malign power of dahr (Time), the Muslims believed the power of fate lies in the hands of God the
Omnipotent, who alone is responsible for the fate of the whole universe. Thus the astrology of the pre-Islamic era was one aspect of divination (kihana) and claimed to be
able to reveal in advance an individual's destiny, which could be avoided by taking certain precautions. These precautions, however, were considered effective only in
relatively trivial cases; they were useless in the areas of major impact: a person's happiness or misery (shaqiiwa aw sa ada), sustenance (rizq) and one's term (ajal), the
three inevitable and irresistible manifestations of fate. In the Islamic period not only these major aspects of life are governed and controlled by the Omnipotent; the destiny
of the universe, in even its most minute details, is determined and controlled by God alone. Astrology was considered to be of no value whatsoever, and its practitioners were subject to the death penalty. These two irreconcilable views are evident in early Islamic poetry, which reflected clearly the response of poets, and society, to astrology from the perspective of qadar.
When the orthodox caliphate was replaced by dynastic rule the status of astrology was changed dramatically. The idea that the stars, as indicators, play a role in the life of
human beings found popowerful supporters in some governors of the Islamic world, who allowed astrology to fulfil a public function regardless of the hostility of the official
religion of that society. This social phenomenon generated rich material of a controversial character in the realm of literature. Investigating the factors, motivations
and impact of mediaeval political, theological and philosophical attitudes to astrology, in relation to the notions of free will and predestination, is the concern of this study
Strategic Analysis on Start-Up Business Using Objectives and Key Results Method in Rumah Kapas Holding
Full text linkThe Textile and Garment Industry is one of the industrial sectors in Indonesia which is a priority by the Ministry of Industry in the "Making Indonesia 4.0" program. This causes the higher demand for better product quality. By asking for quality demand it will become a hot segment for garment companies. Seeing this opportunity, Rumah Kapas as a company in the garment field needs to improve its strategy to meet new challenges and demands from the textile and garment industry. This research is going to be conducted by analysing internal and external data from the company. Resulting data will be processed using SWOT Analysis and Five Forces Analysis. Those will provide an output in a form of generic strategies by Porter and give strategic recommendation that will be translated to objectives and key result using Objectives and Key Result (OKR) method. Strategy analysis usage in this research aim the capability of Rumah Kapas to determine the company position and the availability of recommendation and evaluation for company to achieve its ideal condition
The Informal Economy in Lebanon: Dangers and Benefits
Full text linkThis thesis investigates through situational and empirical analysis the beneficial and detrimental characteristics of the informal economy in Lebanon and its impact on the public and state interest through its socio-economic associations. The informal economy is a polymorphous entity, and in order to determine its versatile contribution, has been separated into four different variables or key drivers. The four key drivers constitute the determinant variables of the informal economy.
The main method used to explore the four determinant variables is the Force Field analysis. The first key driver is informal remittances as they represent a significant fraction of the informal economic activity in Lebanon and make a major contribution to Gross Domestic Product. The second driver is corruption, as this involves massive economic transactions on a daily basis, with an enormous impact at both the microeconomic and macroeconomic levels. The third key driver is the informal employment and commerce sector, as the unpaid VAT and corporate and income tax evasion results in a huge annual loss of government revenue in Lebanon. The fourth and last key driver is the illegal networks, as Lebanon represents an international hub for smuggling, drug and people trafficking and money-laundering, with strong links with, and implication for, its sectarian constituents. The current situation in Lebanon fuels the creation of a chaotic socio-economic environment where it is impossible to estimate accurately the significance of the informal economy, or indeed the size of the overall economy.
As far as possible in this research all the key drivers have been independently and collectively evaluated through the data collected from the primary sources (users/public opinion, government officials and academics) and secondary material in order to assess each key driver’s input to the informal economy. Subsequently the thesis provides an estimation of the beneficial and detrimental contribution of the informal economy in Lebanon, as well as the overall perceptions of each of the respondent groups. Lastly, the primary and secondary materials are collectively assessed from a single perspective to build, using an inductive approach, a theoretical model of the factors which fuel and perpetuate the informal economy in the country. The present thesis may constitute the foundation for future analysis of the informal economy in Lebanon by providing unconventional recommendations. It is an attempt to present the possibility of an alternative approach to the informal economy, by stressing its merits and advantages, while also recognising the dangers and challenges it poses for both the state and the society
Governing globalization in South Asia through a legal praxis of human rights, development and democracy
No full textABSTRACT
This doctoral thesis in law seeks to understand, and begin to remedy, the immense and avoidable poverty that disenfranchises at least 30 percent of the world's most populous region. Defining South Asia as Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka, the study analyses the multidimensional nature, historical origins and modern dynamics of both this material poverty and poverties of human rights, democracy and development. Both critical analysis and creative response are framed within legal history, human rights jurisprudence, constitutional and administrative law, comparative law and public international law, but the author draws extensively on political economy and history, and partially on philosophy, and cultural studies.
Chapter 1 traces the Western evolution of the universal human rights regime, first globalized in 1948 by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. It also traces South Asian sociopolitical and religious articulations of human dignity and limitations on legitimate power through the ages. Mostly contrary to culturally relativist claims, South Asia's human rights needs are found to be well served by a genuinely universalist regime including justiciable economic, social and cultural rights as inseparable from civil and political.
Chapters 2 and 3 survey the historical globalizations that have impacted on South Asia. Although globalization is shown to be a neutral phenomenon, the author identifies the insidious contemporary propagation of a particular neo-liberal ideology as being globalization's inevitable and optimal form. The study analyses this propagation by the International Financial Institutions the World Bank and International Monetary Fund, acting through Structural Adjustment Policies and only partially corrective Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers. Neo-liberalism supposedly unshackles benign market forces from distorting governmental rules to create spontaneous growth that trickles down to the poor; in fact it employs its own rules to privilege the already wealthy, especially Western capital and transnational corporations (TNCs).
The thesis urges South Asia to govern globalization pro-actively, seeking the virtuous circle of human rights, plural democracy and equitable development. Positive signs have already included national membership in, and constitutional enshrinement of, universal human rights norms, and certain efforts of civil society and non-governmental organizations, fostered at times by activist judiciaries.
Chapter 4 nevertheless catalogues overriding failures to internalize plural democracy and the rule of law, leaving rights nominal and democratic structures hollow. Governments have been obsequious to neo-liberal hegemony, insouciant to their underclasses and exploitative of religious schisms in appeal to tyrannous majoritarianism. The South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation is shown as an inadequate response to the region's multidimensional poverties.
Adapting instead the best practices of the Council of Europe, the Organization of American States, the African Union, and the British Commonwealth from Chapter 5, Chapter 6 details a South Asian Union for Human Rights Development and Democracy to replace SAARC. This new regional response complements global human rights norms and offers South Asia solidarity in confronting neo-liberalism, and holding TNCs, IFIs and especially their own governments accountable to the rule of law, equitable development, deep democracy, wide human rights, and larger freedom in peace and security
On evildoers: A Foucaultian analysis of the discursive structuring of contemporary terrorism
Full text linkTerrorism is routinely portrayed in the twenty first century as an evil perpetrated by Arab/Muslim barbarians—Evildoers—waging a holy war against the Western civilisation. This study challenges not just this present understanding of terrorism, but the very existence of a ding an sich of terrorism. Using a combination of Foucault’s archaeological and genealogical methods it provides an alternative history of the phenomenon in the form of a history of its discursive structuring: the regimes of practices that governed what could and could not be thought of, identified, defined, known, judged and punished as ‘terrorism’ during particular epochs, and particular places. It asserts that the conceptual anchor point of the present Evildoer-terrorist is the rebel who opposes established order, and identifies the first such figure in modern Western history as the Devil who rebelled against God and came to play a significant politico religious role in Western societies of the Middle Ages. The discourse of ‘terrorism’ emerged from the epistemic spaces created from the separation of religion and politics in the eighteenth century, from when onwards rebellion was no longer a sin but a crime. Since then, various other rebels have been brought under the domain of terrorism during different epochs, the latest of whom is the Evildoer. This is not to say that the Devil remained a blatant constant in the forefront of Western terrorism discourse, but that the various rebels share a conceptual history that made it possible for the contemporary terrorist to be the Evildoer that he is. How the rebels came to be known as terrorists during various epochs and the various mechanisms implemented to defend societies against them, it is argued, are irrevocably linked: one could not exist without the other. The contemporary terrorist cannot be known as an Evildoer without the War on Terror; at the same time, the War on Terror cannot be waged without the knowledge of the terrorist as an Evildoer. To demonstrate this power/knowledge dyad at work, this study analyses what was said and done about terrorism by the United States and the United Kingdom, the foremost allies in the War on Terror, during its first ten years. In the differences in their discourses emerges not just the ontological uncertainty of terrorism but also how these mechanisms for establishing the ‘truth’ of terrorism function as mechanisms of power. It is asserted that the Evildoer has made possible, and was made possible by, some of the most significant changes in how power is exercised in Western societies since the separation of religion and politics in the eighteenth century
