40,607 research outputs found
Hydrologic modeling by means of a hybrid downscaling approach: an application to the Sai Gon-Dong Nai Rivers Basin
No full textThe spatial and temporal availability and reliability of hydrological data are substantial contribution to the accuracy of watershed modeling; unfortunately, such data requirements are challenging and perhaps impossible in many regions of the world. In this study, hydrological conditions are simulated using the hydrologic model-WEHY, whose data input are obtained from a hybrid downscaling technique to provide reliable and high temporal and spatial resolution hydrological data. The hybrid downscaling technique is coupled a hydroclimate and a machine learning models; wherein the global atmospheric reanalysis data, including ERA-Interim, ERA-20C, and CFSR are used for initial and boundary conditions of dynamical downscaling utilizing the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF). The machine learning model (ANN) then follows to further downscale the WRF outputs to a finer resolution over the studied watershed. An application of the combination of mentioned techniques is applied to the third-largest river basin in Vietnam, the Sai Gon-Dong Nai Rivers Basin. The validation of hybrid model is in the 'satisfactory' range. After the estimation of geomorphology and land cover within the watershed, WEHY's calibration and validation are performed based on observed rainfall data. The simulation results matched well with flow observation data with respect to magnitude for both the rising and recession time segments. In comparison among the three selected reanalysis data sets, the best calibration and validation results were obtained from the CFSR data set. These results are closer to the observation data than those using only the dynamic downscaling technique in combination with the WEHY model.N
Wave turbulence of a rotating array of quantized vortices in the T → 0 temperature limit
No full textThe dynamics of quantized vortices in the zero temperature limit is currently of great interest, particularly in the case of the Fermi superfluid He-B. Here we study wave turbulence, generated by the librating motion of a rotating cylindrical container filled with He-B, in the limit of vanishing viscous forces at temperatures . The polarization of the quantized vortices with respect to the axis of rotation is measured using non-invasive NMR techniques. We observe a decrease of the polarization when the librating motion is started, and a two-stage relaxation process when the modulation of the rotation velocity is stopped. The first relaxation process is associated with the dissipation of large-scale flow stored in inertial waves and the solid body rotation of the vortex array. From the decay of these energy reservoirs we determine the rate of energy dissipation of large-scale flow. The later second process is related to the relaxation of Kelvin waves on individual vortices. This process is monitored by the recovery of the polarization. The existence of a Kelvin wave cascade at the lowest temperatures is currently a central open question. We supply some evidence for the cascade
Design and Analysis of a Distributed TRIC concept Seamless Smart Morphing Wing
No full textThis thesis embarked upon establishing and validating a design process to build and control a distributed TRIC concept seamless smart morphing wing to achieve simultaneous load alleviation, flutter suppression and drag minimization capabilities. A novel aeroelastic simulation tool was built to carry out composite wing skin optimization, with prototype testing carried out to design a flexible connection between modules. The work output was a fully built morphing wing which was successfully tested in the TU Delft Open Jet Facility. Control of the wing was partially made feasible through the development of a surrogate model of the system which was also validated with DIC testing.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SdagIiYRWyA&t=1s Smart-X Alpha DemonstratorAerospace Engineerin
Pelevin’s Trinity in the novel “t”: author – protagonist – reader
No full textThe article attempts to interpret Pelevin's artistic strategy in the novel "T" by exploring its subject organization and addressing the key problems of the author, the protagonist, and the reader as they are seen by the researcher. The article analyzes the peculiarities of constructing the narrative reality in the novel "T", and goes on to discuss Pelevin's philosophic models of the development of the humankind, and the emergence of his new anthropology
THE ROLE OF SURFACE- AND DEEP-LEVEL ATTRIBUTES IN GLOBAL VIRTUAL TEAMS: A LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS
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Atmospheric CH4 measurement near a landfill using an ICL-based QEPAS sensor with V-T relaxation self-calibration
No full textA quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy methane (CH4) sensor with vibrational to translational (V-T) relaxation self-calibration was realized and tested for atmospheric CH4 detection near a landfill. To normalize the influence of H2O vapor on the CH4 energy relaxation rate, CH4 and H2O concentrations were detected simultaneously by means of a frequency division multiplexing technique, in which a custom quartz tuning fork was operated in the fundamental and first overtone combined vibration mode. A continuous wave, thermoelectrically cooled distributed feedback interband cascade laser emitting at 3.3 μm and a near-infrared DFB laser emitting at 1.37 μm were used as the excitation source for CH4 and H2O detection, respectively. A theoretical model of V-T relaxation and self-calibration method were developed to allow this CH4 sensor to have a simple setup and a small sensor size. Continuous field measurements were carried out near the largest sanitary landfill in Shanxi province, China, to demonstrate the stability and ruggedness of the realized CH4 sensor
Improving Routing Efficiency for Network-on-Chip through Contention-Aware Input Selection
No full textThe performance of Network-on-Chip (NoC) largely depends on the underlying routing techniques, which have two constituencies: output selection and input selection. Previous research on routing techniques for NoC has focused on the improvement of output selection. This paper investigates the impact of input selection, and presents a novel contention-aware input selection (CAIS) technique for NoC that improves the routing efficiency. When there are contentions of multiple input channels competing for the same output channel, CAIS decides which input channel obtains the access depending on the contention level of the upstream switches, which in turn removes possible network congestion. Simulation results with different synthetic and real-life traffic patterns show that, when combined with either deterministic or adaptive output selection, CAIS achieves significant better performance than the traditional first-come-first-served (FCFS) input selection, with low hardware overhead (<3%)
Heterogeneous and tissue-specific regulation of effector T cell responses by IFN-gamma during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection.
No full textIFN-γ and T cells are both required for the development of experimental cerebral malaria during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection. Surprisingly, however, the role of IFN-γ in shaping the effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell response during this infection has not been examined in detail. To address this, we have compared the effector T cell responses in wild-type and IFN-γ(-/-) mice during P. berghei ANKA infection. The expansion of splenic CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells during P. berghei ANKA infection was unaffected by the absence of IFN-γ, but the contraction phase of the T cell response was significantly attenuated. Splenic T cell activation and effector function were essentially normal in IFN-γ(-/-) mice; however, the migration to, and accumulation of, effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in the lung, liver, and brain was altered in IFN-γ(-/-) mice. Interestingly, activation and accumulation of T cells in various nonlymphoid organs was differently affected by lack of IFN-γ, suggesting that IFN-γ influences T cell effector function to varying levels in different anatomical locations. Importantly, control of splenic T cell numbers during P. berghei ANKA infection depended on active IFN-γ-dependent environmental signals--leading to T cell apoptosis--rather than upon intrinsic alterations in T cell programming. To our knowledge, this is the first study to fully investigate the role of IFN-γ in modulating T cell function during P. berghei ANKA infection and reveals that IFN-γ is required for efficient contraction of the pool of activated T cells
Decapauropus bifurcodicoccus Qian & Dong, sp. nov.
No full textDecapauropus bifurcodicoccus Qian & Dong sp. nov. (Figure 2) Type material. Holotype. ad. 9 (female), Laoshan Mountain, Jiangsu, 13 October 2010, leg. Qian et al. Paratypes. ad. 9 (female), Laoshan Mountain, Jiangsu, 24 May 2011, leg. Qian et al. Diagnosis. The new species may be close to two species previously described from North America and Australia: Decapauropus parkeri Scheller, 2005 from Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA and Decapauropus saltuarius Scheller, 2009 from Bruny Island, Mount Mangana, Australia. There are similarities especially in the structure of the pygidium, but the new species is distinguished from both these species by the following characters: the length of two branches (length of t is longer than s in D. bifurcodicoccus; t and s of the same length in D. parkeri and D. saltuarius); the shape of setae on pygidium (b 1 and b 2 is glabrous in D. bifurcodicoccus; b 1 and b 2 with striate in D. parkeri and D. saltuatius); and the shape of the anal plate (V–shaped posterior incision in D. bifurcodicoccus is deeper than that in the other two species; appendages of the anal plate in D. bifurcodicoccus is glabrous, the appendages striate in D. parkeri and D. saltuarius; appendage length in D. bifurcodicoccus is shorter than for others). Etymology. From the Latin bifurc - = double forks and dicoccus = two corns (referring to the shape of the anal plate, with two appendages). Description. Length. 1.2 (– 1.9) mm Head. Tergal setae of short to medium length, subcylindrical, striate, blunt. Relative lengths of setae, 1 st row: a 1 =(9 –) 10, a 2 = 7.7 (– 9); 2 nd row: a 1 = 7.1 –(8), a 2 = 15.4 (– 17), a 3 = 14.6 (– 16.5); 3 rd row: a 1 = 13.8 (– 14), a 2 =(13 –) 14.6; 4 th row: a 1 =(8.7 –) 10.8, a 2 =?(– 17.5), a 3 =(15 –)?, a 4 = 16.9 (– 17.8); The ratio a 1 / a 1 – a 1 in 1 st row 0.81 (– 0.88), 2 nd row 0.36 (– 0.5), 3 rd row (0.75 –) 0.9 and 4 th row 1.2 (– 1.3). Temporal organs oval in tergal view, their length 2.3 times as long as their shortest distance apart. Head cuticle glabrous. Antennae. Segment 4 with four cylindrical setae; Relative lengths of setae: p = 100, p' = 76.7 (– 81), p'' =(34.9 –) 37, r =(28 –) 30; Tergal seta p 1.3 (1.2) times as long as tergal branch t. The latter fusiform, 2.7 (2.8) times as long as its greatest diameter and 0.96 of length of sternal branch s; that branch 1.8 (1.9) times as long as its greatest diameter. Seta q cylindrical, striate, somewhat tapering, 0.93 of length of s. Relative lengths of flagella (basal segments included) and basal segments: F 1 = 100, bs 1 = 8 (– 9); F 2 = 61 (– 63), bs 2 = 8 (– 10); F 3 =(84 –) 86, bs 3 =(7 –) 9. The F 2 thinnest; F 1 3.3 times as long as t, F 2 and F 3 2.0 (2.1) and 2.9 (2.8) times as long as s, respectively. Distal calyces spherical; distal part of flagella axes fusiform. Globulus g 1.1 (1.2) times as long as wide; about nine bracts, capsule subspherical; width of g (0.7) 0.8 of the greatest diameter of t. Antennae almost glabrous. Trunk. Setae of collum segment clavate, striate, rudiments of secondary branches probably absent. Sublateral setae 1.6 times as long as submedian ones; sternite process triangular, blunt; appendages narrowing distally and with flat caps; process and basal segment of appendages with distinct, almost erect, short pubescence. Setae on tergites thin, cylindrical; 4 + 4 setae on tergite I, 6 + 6 on II–IV, 6 + 4 on V, 4 + 2 on VI. Submedian posterior setae on VI 0.7 (– 0.8) of their distance apart and about as long as pygidial setae a 1. Tergites glabrous. Relative lengths of bothriotricha: T 1 = 100, T 2 = 104 (– 111), T 3 = 108 (– 115), T 4 =(120 –) 129, T 5 = 166 (– 170), all with simple straight axes; all with pubescence thin, erect. Legs. Setae on coxa and trochanter of leg 9 furcated with subcylindrical blunt branches. Tarsus of leg 9 short, somewhat tapering, 2.8 times as long as its greatest diameter. Setae subsimilar, thin, cylindrical, striate; their length 0.2 of the length of tarsus. Cuticle of tarsus with very delicate pubescence. Pygidium. Tergum. Posterior margin between st evenly rounded. Relative lengths of setae: a 1 = a 2 = 100, a 3 = 181 (– 185), st = 44 (– 47). All setae but st point, with short oblique pubescence; st blunt, subcylindrical, glabrous; distance a 1 –a 1 as long as a 1; distance a 1 – a 2 (1.5 –) 1.7 times as long as a 2 – a 3; distance st – st (4.8)– 5.7 times as long as st and 2.1 length of distance a 1 – a 1. Sternum. Posterior margin with shallow indentation between b 1. Relative lengths of setae (a 1 = 100): b 1 = 413 (– 419), b 2 = 75 (– 81). All setae subcylindrical, blunt. Distance b 1 – b 1 0.72 (– 0.74) of length of b 1; distance b 1 – b 2 0.35 (– 0.42) of length of b 2. Anal plate. 2.1 times as long as broad with a V–shaped posterior incision separating two long, subcylindrical posterolateral lobes; lateral margin with indentation, two short, blunt, elliptical, appendages stick out from distal part of lobes, 0.11 of length of the plate; plate and appendages glabrous.Published as part of Qian, Changyuan, Dong, Yan, Guo, Hua, Chu, Kelin & Sun, Hongying, 2013, Pauropods (Myriapoda: Pauropoda) from eastern China, descriptions of three new species and revision of Pauropus bifurcus Zhang & Chen, 1988, pp. 116-126 in Zootaxa 3608 (2) on pages 119-121, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3608.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/22267
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