1,721,077 research outputs found
Dall’intervento umanitario ai droni: la flessibilità pragmatica della politica turca verso l’Africa subsahariana
Full text linkAlmost two decades after its opening to Africa, Turkey is widely recognized as one of the most active extra-regional players on the continent. This observation raises the question of how this has been possible. In other words, how has Turkey boosted its footprint in Africa? Is there a well-defined and comprehensive strategy or have choices been determined by political contingencies? By examining the different steps of Turkish engagement in Africa, the article tries to address these queries. It sheds light on how Turkey’s policy addresses external inputs and domestic political changes through pragmatic flexibility. Over the years, Turkey has tailored its African policy to systemic and domestic changes. This trait has led to a volatile but continuously transforming approach toward Africa.A distanza di quasi due decenni dall’avvio della sua politica di apertura all’Africa, la Turchia è oggi riconosciuta come uno degli attori extraregionali più attivi sul continente. Questa considerazione solleva la domanda di come ciò sia stato possibile. In altre parole, come ha fatto la Turchia ad aumentare e consolidare la propria presenza in Africa? Quanto ottenuto è il frutto di una strategia ben definita o le scelte sono state determinate dalle contingenze politiche? Esaminando le diverse fasi dell’incremento della presenza turca in Africa, l’articolo cerca di rispondere a queste ed altre domande. In particolare, la ricerca intende utilizzare il caso studio africano per esaminare il modo in cui la politica esterna turca riesca a rispondere agli input esterni e ai cambiamenti politici interni attraverso una flessibilità pragmatica. Questa caratteristica ha portato la Turchia a sviluppare un approccio all’Africa volatile ma in continua trasformazione
La strategia energetica turca guarda verso il Kurdistan
No full textLe risorse che la Turchia ha a disposizione non sono sufficienti a coprire l’aumento del fabbisogno energetico nazionale che segna una costante crescita parallela all’incessante sviluppo della propria economia. Questi fattori hanno portato nel giro di due decenni il tasso di dipendenza energetica turco dal (51%) dei primi anni Novanta all’attuale (71%). L’alto costo dell’importazione di energia rischia di ricadere sulla competitività del Paese a livello globale, frenando e frustrando le aspirazione di un popolo e del suo leader, il Primo Ministro Recep Tayyip Erdoğan desideroso di fare della Turchia un attore protagonista, politico ed economico, su scala internazionale. Per queste ragioni il futuro degli immensi giacimenti presenti nelle province curde dell’Iraq settentrionale rappresenta per la Turchia una potenziale soluzione alla propria sete energetica
Islam e pluralismo. La coabitazione religiosa nell'Impero ottomano
No full textLa pax ottomana ha rappresentato per oltre quattro secoli la cifra distintiva del più longevo degli imperi mediorientali: l'Impero ottomano. La formula che ha garantito la convivenza pacifica tra culture, lingue ed etnie all'interno di un territorio vastissimo come quello ottomano è oggi più che mai attuale, alla luce delle sfide proposte dall'elaborazione di progetti, analisi e politiche che vadano nella direzione di una mediazione tra Occidente e islam. Il volume, ripercorrendo la traiettoria storica ottomana, mostra come alla base della coabitazione vi fossero elementi riconducibili ad esperienze eterogenee, tra le quali il legalismo islamico, le consuetudini turco mongole, il misticismo sufi e la tradizione cristiano bizantina. Il millet, organizzazione comunitaria non territoriale, rappresentava l'approdo istituzionale della strategia di coabitazione ottomana e si rivelò essere la dimensione privilegiata in cui gli affiliati delle tre grandi comunità religiose (ebrei, cristiano-ortodossi e armeni) poterono contribuire attivamente alla vita di un Impero a maggioranza musulmana, diventandone un pilastro portante
Features, Aims and Limits of Turkey’s Humanitarian Diplomacy
No full textSeveral scholars agree that Turkey applied humanitarian diplomacy as part of its global opening, a consequence of which is that it became a medium global player. However, it is still not clear – and thus still under research – what does Turkey’s experience teach us regarding humanitarian diplomacy? For the literature what is unique in Turkey’s application? In order to provide an empirically backed response to such research questions, this paper initially studies What Turkey did with humanitarian diplomacy. What were Turkey’s objectives in utilizing it? How did Turkey utilize it?, and later moves to a debate on the implications of such an application for the literature on humanitarian diplomacy
Explaining the Role of Intervening Variables in Turkey's Foreign Policy Behaviour
Full text linkThis article aims to offer a neoclassical realist analytical framework to identify the influence of agent-structure interplay on Turkey’s foreign policy behavior during JDP-led governments. The main argument is that the adjustments in Turkish behaviors between 2003 to date, analyzed by most scholars starting from the systemic or domestic level alone, could be better explained inter- twining the explanans. Considering four intervening variables – national role conception, decision- making model, perception of strategic environment and orientation towards the regional order – this article discusses Turkey’s shift from a wary isolationist attitude to a wary interventionist one. The last two decades ofTurkey’s foreign policy will be analyzed to show why the neoclassical realist analytical lens is particularly useful to grab the different determinants that have affected Turkish foreign policy behavior
Persuading through culture, values and ideas. The controversial case of Turkey’s cultural diplomacy
No full textCultural diplomacy always links to and often overlaps with soft power and public diplomacy. Thus, the three notions have entered the lexicon of International Relations, and have become standard terms in foreign policy thinking. Drawing on the conceptualization of cultural diplomacy, this article examines the features, structure, actors, and possibilities of Turkey’s foreign cultural strategy. Specifically, it focuses on an analysis of the double dimension of Turkish cultural diplomacy, the high-culture, and the pop-culture, asserting that the success of the latter has allowed Turkey to limit the damage to its soft power caused by domestic political turmoil. Furthermore, the research aims to highlight how Turkey has used culture as a resource for its diplomacy –useful for strengthening relations with other countries, enhancing cooperation, and promoting Turkish interests abroad
La “nuova frontiera” di Davutoğlu. Come (e perché) è cambiata la politica estera della Turchia
No full textIn the last decade, the AKP-led governments have enlarged Turkish sphere of influence and have make Turkey a pivotal International actor. This is mostly based on the line traced by the current Foreign Minister Davutoğlu in his geopolitical theory known as Strategic Depth. This paper analyzes the new course of Turkey's foreign policy. More specifically, it focuses on two elements of Davutoğlu’s theory; namely the concept of new "geographical imagination" and the controversial, but abused notion of neo-Ottomanism.
The practical results of new Turkey’s foreign policy in Africa, a region for a long time ignored, are detailed. The Turkish civil society has played a relevant role in different arenas (economic, education, humanitarian). The complementary action of private and public actors, the absence of a colonial history and the political rhetoric ability of its leaders increase Turkish influence in the region and make it a key player for future macro-regional balances
Power Competition in the Red Sea. Testing the Post-Liberal International Order
No full textThe Red Sea is rapidly becoming a highly contested zone, where traditional and emerging global powers are vying for influence and control. In this book, Federico Donelli explores the dynamics of this new scramble for Africa, analyzing the interests, agendas, and threats of extra-regional players, with a particular focus on China and the United States. Using a range of International Relations theories, the book delves into the economic, geopolitical, and security issues driving this competition, including the strategic importance of shipping routes and the threat of terrorism and transnational crime. By examining the alliances and military presence of great powers in the region, Donelli seeks to predict the outcomes of this engagement and the impact it will have on the current and future global power balances. A must-read for scholars and policy-makers alike, this book offers a timely and insightful analysis of the rapidly changing security environment in the Red Sea
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