1,240 research outputs found
Perceptions of ethical decision-making climate among clinicians working in European and US ICUs : differences between religious and non-religious healthcare professionals
No full textBackground
Making appropriate end-of-life decisions in the intensive care unit (ICU) requires shared interprofessional decision-making. Thus, a decision-making climate that values the contributions of all team members, addresses diverse opinions and seeks consensus among team members is necessary. Little is known about religion’s influence on ethical decision-making climates. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the association between religious belief and ethical decision-making climates.
Methods
The study was a cross-sectional analytical observation study as a part of the prospective observational DISPROPRICUS study. A total of 2,275 nurses and 717 physicians from 68 ICUs representing 12 countries in Europe and the US participated. All participants were asked which religion (if any) they belonged to and how important their religion (if any) was for their professional attitude towards end-of-life care. Perceptions of ethical decision-making climates were evaluated using a validated, 35-item self-assessment questionnaire that evaluates seven factors. Using cluster analysis, ICUs were categorised into four ethical decision-making climates: good, average (with nurses’ involvement at the end of life), average (without nurses’ involvement at the end of life) and poor.
Results
Of the 2,992 participants, 453 (15%) were religious (had religious convictions and found them important or very important for their attitude towards end-of-life care). The remaining 2,539 were non-religious (i.e. had religious convictions but assessed that they were not important for their attitude towards end-of-life care). When adjusting for country and ICU, the overall perception of the four ethical climates was associated with religious beliefs, with non-religious healthcare providers having more positive perceptions of the ethical climates compared to religious healthcare providers (p < 0.01). Within good climates, non-religious healthcare providers rated leadership by physicians (p < 0.01), interdisciplinary reflection (p = 0.049) and active decision-making by physicians (p = 0.02) as more positive compared to religious participants. In poor climates, religious healthcare providers had a more positive perception of the active involvement of nurses (p = 0.01). Within the other climates, no differences were found.
Conclusions
Overall perceptions of ethical decision-making climates were associated with religious beliefs, with non-religious healthcare providers generally having a more positive perception of the ethical climates than religious healthcare providers
sj-png-2-jicm-10.1177_08850666211054369 - Supplemental material for One-year Mortality of Cancer Patients with an Unplanned ICU Admission: A Cohort Analysis Between 2008 and 2017 in the Netherlands
No full textSupplemental material, sj-png-2-jicm-10.1177_08850666211054369 for One-year Mortality of Cancer Patients with an Unplanned ICU Admission: A Cohort Analysis Between 2008 and 2017 in the Netherlands by Esther N. van der Zee, Fabian Termorshuizen, Dominique D. Benoit, Nicolette F. de Keizer, Jan Bakker, Erwin J.O. Kompanje, Wim J.R. Rietdijk and Jelle L. Epker in Journal of Intensive Care Medicine</p
sj-docx-1-jicm-10.1177_08850666211054369 - Supplemental material for One-year Mortality of Cancer Patients with an Unplanned ICU Admission: A Cohort Analysis Between 2008 and 2017 in the Netherlands
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-jicm-10.1177_08850666211054369 for One-year Mortality of Cancer Patients with an Unplanned ICU Admission: A Cohort Analysis Between 2008 and 2017 in the Netherlands by Esther N. van der Zee, Fabian Termorshuizen, Dominique D. Benoit, Nicolette F. de Keizer, Jan Bakker, Erwin J.O. Kompanje, Wim J.R. Rietdijk and Jelle L. Epker in Journal of Intensive Care Medicine</p
sj-docx-3-jicm-10.1177_08850666211054369 - Supplemental material for One-year Mortality of Cancer Patients with an Unplanned ICU Admission: A Cohort Analysis Between 2008 and 2017 in the Netherlands
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-3-jicm-10.1177_08850666211054369 for One-year Mortality of Cancer Patients with an Unplanned ICU Admission: A Cohort Analysis Between 2008 and 2017 in the Netherlands by Esther N. van der Zee, Fabian Termorshuizen, Dominique D. Benoit, Nicolette F. de Keizer, Jan Bakker, Erwin J.O. Kompanje, Wim J.R. Rietdijk and Jelle L. Epker in Journal of Intensive Care Medicine</p
sj-png-2-jicm-10.1177_08850666211054369 - Supplemental material for One-year Mortality of Cancer Patients with an Unplanned ICU Admission: A Cohort Analysis Between 2008 and 2017 in the Netherlands
No full textSupplemental material, sj-png-2-jicm-10.1177_08850666211054369 for One-year Mortality of Cancer Patients with an Unplanned ICU Admission: A Cohort Analysis Between 2008 and 2017 in the Netherlands by Esther N. van der Zee, Fabian Termorshuizen, Dominique D. Benoit, Nicolette F. de Keizer, Jan Bakker, Erwin J.O. Kompanje, Wim J.R. Rietdijk and Jelle L. Epker in Journal of Intensive Care Medicin
Voucher privatization with investment funds : an institutional analysis
No full textCommon wisdom among post-socialist reformers has beento use voucher investment funds to provide the corporate governance needed to restructure newly privatized enterprises after mass privatization efforts. The idea has been that mass privatization would spread the ownership too wide and make corporate governance difficult. The author examines the likely institutional behavior of voucher funds and the possible effects of their development on a transition economy. Since most policy advice has been in favor of voucher privatization with investment funds, the author can be seen as playing the devil's advocate, but his argument is institutional, not statistical. Policymaking requires insight and foresight into how institutions will tend to function. He concludes that voucher funds will introduce a bias in the economy away from the real industrial sector toward an ersatz"financial sector"that will have little if any positive financial role but will be well-protected by friendly regulators. One long-term consequence of voucher privatization with investment funds, according to this view, is a de facto"industrial policy"of real sector decapitalization in favor of short-term rent-seeking by fund managers through board sinecures and lucrative side deals with portfolio companies and through financial market manipulation and paper entrepreneurship in the"financial sector."Without strong corporate governance from the funds and without stable ownership of their own, many enterprise managers will exploit the post-socialist version of the"separation of ownership and control"to grab what they can in the form of salaries, bonuses, perquisites, and side deals. The most likely results of the strategy of voucher privatization with investment funds may be a two-sided grab fest by fund managers and enterprise managers -- together with the accompanying drift, stagnation, and decapitalization of the privatized industrial sector.Economic Adjustment and Lending,Payment Systems&Infrastructure,International Terrorism&Counterterrorism,Economic Theory&Research,Banks&Banking Reform,International Terrorism&Counterterrorism,Banks&Banking Reform,Economic Adjustment and Lending,Environmental Economics&Policies,Economic Theory&Research
Influence des délais d arrivée des premiers secours professionnels sur la survie des arrêts cardiaques extra hospitaliers
No full textObjectif : Décrire l influence des délais d intervention des premiers secours professionnels sur la survie des arrêts cardiaques ( AC) non traumatiques extra-hospitaliers d étiologie cardiaque au sein du bassin annécien. Méthode : Dans notre zone d étude les AC bénéficiant d une réanimation préhospitalière sont décrits selon le style d Utstein dans le registre prospectif régional multicentrique du Réseau Nord Alpin des Urgences. Nous nous sommes intéressés aux AC d étiologie cardiaque sur une période de 5 ans. Nous avons étudié l influence des délais d intervention des secours professionnels par intervalle de 2 minutes en termes de survie. Résultats : Entre le 01 janvier 2004 et le 31 décembre 2008, 368 patients ont été inclus, soit 50% des 729 victimes d un arrêt cardiaque extra-hopitalier ( ACEH) bénéficiant d une réanimation spécialisée. La survie à 24h de 4.9% [3- 20.8] est épidémiologiquement proche de la population nationale. Elle est significativement influencée par les délais d intervention des premiers secours professionnels. Plus ce délai s allonge moins bonne est la survie. Au-delà de 10 minutes de délai de prise en charge 19 patients sont toutefois vivants à 24h. Conclusion : La survie après un AC d étiologie cardiaque extra-hospitalier reste faible. Elle est étroitement corrélée avec le délai de prise en charge. Notre étude en milieu semi-rural permet de mettre en évidence une survie au-delà des délais classiques de réanimation décrits dans la littérature.GRENOBLE1-BU Médecine pharm. (385162101) / SudocSudocFranceF
Analytic aspects of periodic instantons
No full textThesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mathematics, 2004.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.Includes bibliographical references (p. 131-134) and index.The main result is a computation of the Nahm transform of a SU(2)-instanton over R x T³, called spatially-periodic instanton. It is a singular monopole over T³, a solution to the Bogomolny equation, whose rank is computed and behavior at the singular points is understood under certain conditions. A full description of the Riemannian ADHMN construction of instantons on R⁴ is given, preceding a description of the heuristic behind the theory of instantons on quotients of R⁴. The Fredholm theory of twisted Dirac operators on cylindrical manifolds is derived, the spectra of spin Dirac operators on spheres and on product manifolds are computed. A brief discussion on the decay of spatially-periodic and doubly-periodic instantons is included.by Benoit Charbonneau.Ph.D
Incident et discussion sur l’arrestation de MM. Hautefeuille à Saint-Germain-en-Laye, lors de la séance du 1er mars 1791
No full textBéthisy de Mézières Henri Benoit de, Dillon Dominique, Chabroud Charles, Aubergeon de Murinais Guy-Joseph d', Lameth Charles Malo, comte de, Roussillou Pierre Augustin, Folleville Antoine Charles Gabriel, marquis de, Châtelet Louis-Marie du, Foucault de Lardimalie Louis, marquis de, Lanjuinais Jean Denis, Custine de Sarëck Adam Philippe, comte de, Boussay Jacques-François de Menou, baron de, abbé Maury, Cazalès Jacques Antoine de, Goupil de Préfeln Guillaume François, Estourmel Louis Marie, marquis d', Pasquier de Bois-Rouvray Denis Christophe. Incident et discussion sur l’arrestation de MM. Hautefeuille à Saint-Germain-en-Laye, lors de la séance du 1er mars 1791. In: Archives Parlementaires de 1787 à 1860 - Première série (1787-1799) Tome XXIII - Du 6 février 1791 au 9 mars 1791. Paris : Librairie Administrative P. Dupont, 1886. pp. 590-593
Incident et discussion sur l’arrestation de MM. Hautefeuille à Saint-Germain-en-Laye, lors de la séance du 1er mars 1791
No full textBéthisy de Mézières Henri Benoit de, Dillon Dominique, abbé, Chabroud Charles, Aubergeon de Murinais Guy Joseph d', Lameth Charles Malo, comte de, Roussillou Pierre-Augustin, Folleville Antoine-Charles, marquis de, Châtelet Louis-Marie du, Foucault de Lardimalie Louis, marquis de, Lanjuinais Jean-Denis, Custine Adam-Philippe, comte de, Menou Jacques François de Boussay, baron de, Maury Jean Siffrein, abbé, Cazalès Jacques Antoine de, Goupil de Préfeln Guillaume François, Estourmel Louis Marie, marquis d', Bois-Rouvraye Denis-Christophe Pasquier de. Incident et discussion sur l’arrestation de MM. Hautefeuille à Saint-Germain-en-Laye, lors de la séance du 1er mars 1791. In: Archives Parlementaires de 1787 à 1860 - Première série (1787-1799) Tome XXIII - Du 6 février 1791 au 9 mars 1791. Paris : Librairie Administrative P. Dupont, 1886. pp. 590-593
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