106,696 research outputs found
Dolan, V G, TX2782
No full textThis record was harvested from a previous catalogue system and will be withdrawn in 2025. Information in this record may be superseded or incomplete. Visit this record in UMA's new catalogue at: https://archives.library.unimelb.edu.au/nodes/view/382103Surname: DOLAN. Given Name(s) or Initials: V G. Military Service Number or Last Known Location: TX2782. Missing, Wounded and Prisoner of War Enquiry Card Index Number: 32175.212634
Item: [2016.0049.14396] "Dolan, V G, TX2782
Phylogenetics, systematics and biogeography of deep-sea Pennatulacea (Anthozoa: Octocorallia): evidence from molecules and morphology
No full textDespite its extreme environmental conditions, the deep sea harbours a unique andspecies-rich fauna of mostly unknown age and phylogeny. Pennatulids (Anthozoa:Octocorallia) are a group whose taxonomy and phylogenetic relationships remain poorlyknown and little studied, in spite of their abundance and ecological importance in softbottomcommunities. Phylogenetic analysis of a combination of partial ND2 and msh1sequences produced well-supported phylogenetic relationships for representative deepsea(and shallow-water) pennatulids at familial, generic and specific taxonomic levels.Generally, molecular data were congruent with current classification and previousphylogenetic reconstructions of the O. Pennatulacea based on morphology.Discrepancies were evident concerning the finer details for some families and genera: thiscan be attributable to the high frequency of homoplasy in pennatulids where reversals inevolution have led to taxa that possess apomorphic character states that are analogouswith plesiomorphic traits. Genetic analysis gave strong support that highly-derived taxaoccur in both shallow and deep water and that many may have differentiated anddispersed from the deep sea to the shallows. The Renillidae, which is considered one ofthe most primitive shallow-water families, evolved recently from deep-water ancestors.Conversely, the bathyal Anthoptilidae was the most primitive of families, and althoughmore evidence is required, pennatulids as a group may have originated in deep water.The systematics of the exclusively deep-sea genus Umbellula, which contains fortytwospecies, remains unclear despite the repeated attempts of revision. Incorporatingnew morphological and distributional data from the examination of recently collectedmaterial, together with type specimens, genetic analysis, and a critical study of theliterature, fifteen Umbellula species are here considered valid, including three new toscience. Eight species lack sclerites in the autozooids, U. magniflora, U. encrinus, U.antarctica, U. carpenteri and Umbellula sp.1 n. sp. (quadrangular axes), and U. huxleyi andU. pellucida (round axes); and seven possess autozooid sclerites, U. thomsoni and U.hemigymna (quadrangular axes), and U. monocephalus, U. aciculifera, U. durissima,Umbellula sp.2 n. sp. and Umbellula sp.3 n. sp. (round axes).Biogeographic data and genetic evidence supported the hypothesis that species ofUmbellula differentiated in the Indo-Pacific. Many radiated southwards to the Antarcticand later north into the Atlantic, E Pacific, Indian and Arctic oceans, occupying bathyaland abyssal depths. Other, older species that evolved via a separate evolutionarypathway, may have originated in the Indo-Pacific, and dispersed to the Subantarctic (U.sp.2 n. sp.) or Indian and Atlantic oceans (U. monocephalus). Further, morphologicalexamination of Umbellula showed it adapted to the oligotrophic conditions of the deepsea by reducing the number but increasing the size of the autozooids, and in doing so,enlarged the food-catchment area; abyssal species have done so even more extremely
Letter re: Will Rogers
No full textLetter from George Dolan, journalist, to James R. Record, managing editor of the Fort Worth Star-Telegram, regarding a statue of Will Rogers
Dissociating valence of outcome from behavioral control in human orbital and ventral prefrontal cortices
No full textThe precise role of orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) in affective processing is still debated. One view suggests OFC represents stimulus reward value and supports learning and relearning of stimulus-reward associations. An alternate view implicates OFC in behavioral control after rewarding or punishing feedback. To discriminate between these possibilities, we used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging in subjects performing a reversal task in which, on each trial, selection of the correct stimulus led to a 70% probability of receiving a monetary reward and a 30% probability of obtaining a monetary punishment. The incorrect stimulus had the reverse contingency. In one condition (choice), subjects had to choose which stimulus to select and switch their response to the other stimulus once contingencies had changed. In another condition (imperative), subjects had simply to track the currently rewarded stimulus. In some regions of OFC and medial prefrontal cortex, activity was related to valence of outcome, whereas in adjacent areas activity was associated with behavioral choice, signaling maintenance of the current response strategy on a subsequent trial. Caudolateral OFC-anterior insula was activated by punishing feedback preceding a switch in stimulus in both the choice and imperative conditions, indicating a possible role for this region in signaling a change in reward contingencies. These results suggest functional heterogeneity within the OFC, with a role for this region in representing stimulus-reward values, signaling changes in reinforcement contingencies and in behavioral control
Early DNA Sequencing
No full textTwo sequencing techniques were developed independently in the 1970s. The method developed by Fred Sanger used chemically altered 'dideoxy' bases to terminate newly synthesized DNA fragments at specific bases (either A, C, T, or G). These fragments are then size-separated, and the DNA sequence can be read. This animation from Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory's Dolan DNA Learning Center presents early DNA sequencing through a series of illustrations of the processes involved
DS_10.1177_0272989X18763802 – Supplemental material for A Personalized Approach of Patient–Health Care Provider Communication Regarding Colorectal Cancer Screening Options
No full textSupplemental material, DS_10.1177_0272989X18763802 for A Personalized Approach of Patient–Health Care Provider Communication Regarding Colorectal Cancer Screening Options by M. Gabriela Sava, James G. Dolan, Jerrold H. May, and Luis G. Vargas in Medical Decision Making</p
Early DNA Sequencing
No full textTwo sequencing techniques were developed independently in the 1970s. The method developed by Fred Sanger used chemically altered 'dideoxy' bases to terminate newly synthesized DNA fragments at specific bases (either A, C, T, or G). These fragments are then size-separated, and the DNA sequence can be read. This animation from Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory's Dolan DNA Learning Center presents early DNA sequencing through a series of illustrations of the processes involved
M. Bernos, N. Coulet, C. Dolan-Le-Clerc, P. A. Février, M. Gontard, G. Granai, B. Grissolange et M. Vovelle, Histoire d'Aix-en-Provence
No full textAgulhon Maurice. M. Bernos, N. Coulet, C. Dolan-Le-Clerc, P. A. Février, M. Gontard, G. Granai, B. Grissolange et M. Vovelle, Histoire d'Aix-en-Provence. In: Annales. Économies, Sociétés, Civilisations. 34ᵉ année, N. 4, 1979. pp. 836-837
Neural correlates of processing valence and arousal in affective words
No full textPsychological frameworks conceptualize emotion along 2 dimensions, "valence" and "arousal." Arousal invokes a single axis of intensity increasing from neutral to maximally arousing. Valence can be described variously as a bipolar continuum, as independent positive and negative dimensions, or as hedonic value (distance from neutral). In this study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to characterize neural activity correlating with arousal and with distinct models of valence during presentation of affective word stimuli. Our results extend observations in the chemosensory domain suggesting a double dissociation in which subregions of orbitofrontal cortex process valence, whereas amygdala preferentially processes arousal. In addition, our data support the physiological validity of descriptions of valence along independent axes or as absolute distance from neutral but fail to support the validity of descriptions of valence along a bipolar continuum
Evolution of the G+C content frontier in the rat cytomegalovirus genome
No full textWithin the 230138 bp of the rat cytomegalovirus (RCMV) genome, the G+C content changes abruptly at position 142644, constituting a G+C content frontier. To the left of this point, overall G+C content is 69.2%, and to the right it is only 47.6%. A region of extremely low G+C content (33.8%) is found in the 5 kb immediately to the right of the frontier, in which there are no predicted coding sequences. To the right of position 147501, the G+C content rises and predicted coding sequences reappear. However, these genes are much shorter (average 848bp, 50% G+C) than those in the left two-thirds of the genome (average 1462bp, 70% G+C). Whole genome alignment of several viruses indicates that the initial ultra-low G+C region appeared in the common ancestor of the genera Cytomegalovirus and Muromegalovirus, and that the lowering of G+C in the right third has been a subsequent process in the lineage leading to RCMV. The left two-thirds of RCMV has stop codon occurrences at 67.5% of their expected level, based on a modified Markov chain model of stop codon distribution, and the corresponding figure for the right third is 78%. Therefore, despite heavy mutation pressure, selective constraint has operated in the right third of the RCMV genome to maintain a degree of gene length unusual for such low G+C sequences
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