982 research outputs found
Helping children think: Gaze aversion and teaching
Full text linkLooking away from an interlocutor's face during demanding cognitive activity can help adults answer challenging arithmetic and verbal-reasoning questions (Glenberg, Schroeder, & Robertson, 1998). However, such `gaze aversion' (GA) is poorly applied by 5-year-old school children (Doherty-Sneddon, Bruce, Bonner, Longbotham, & Doyle, 2002). In Experiment 1 we trained ten 5-year-old children to use GA while thinking about answers to questions. This trained group performed significantly better on challenging questions compared with 10 controls given no GA training. In Experiment 2 we found significant and monotonic age-related increments in spontaneous use of GA across three cohorts of ten 5-year-old school children (mean ages: 5;02, 5;06 and 5;08). Teaching and encouraging GA during challenging cognitive activity promises to be invaluable in promoting learning, particularly during early primary years
The light of the eye : doctrine, piety and reform in the works of Thomas Sherlock, Hannah More and Jane Austen
No full textBibliography: leaves 376-401.This thesis investigates the ways in which three eighteenth-century writers, Bishop Thomas Sherlock, Hannah More and Jane Austen embody orthodox Anglican doctrine according to their individual perceptions of the enlightening properties of Protestant Christianity. After situating them in their respective gender, literary and ecclesiastical contexts, I examine some of their key doctrines and analyse excerpts from their works. My selection of passages from Sherlock's works is fairly comprehensive, but in the case of More and Austen, where there is already a formidable body of literary criticism, it is more selective. Thus, I focus on doctrine in More's tracts, Strictures on the System of Female Education, An Essay on St Paul and most especially Coelebs in Search of a Wife and in the case of Austen, on her prayers and select passages from Sense and Sensibility and Mansfield Park. I conclude that, although diverse in their particular kind of Anglicanism (High, Evangelical and Median) and in their choice of genre, transparency or obscurity (anonymity and pseudonymity) and the various narratological strategies some of them invoke to circumvent certain taboos, Sherlock, More and Austen champion the same central orthodox doctrines, defend them against current alternatives to orthodoxy such as Latitudinarianism, Deism and various forms of Freethinking, and promote similar moral and ecclesiastical reforms. However, indirectly (through female characters who resist male representation or control) the women writers subject their ostensibly authorially-endorsed male narrators/characters to scrutiny and sometimes (when the males objectify the women) subversion
"In this moment of alarm and peril": Female Education, Religion and Politics In the Late Eighteenth Century, With special reference to Catharine Macaulay and Hannah More
No full textPhDCatharine Macaulay and Hannah More are conventionally represented as
ideological opposites. Through an analysis which centres on their writings, this
thesis critically examines that representation, and more broadly explores
contemporary perceptions of the roles of women of the middling sort in the late
eighteenth century. It argues that revolution, particularly the French Revolution,
created a climate wherein the duties of women became the subject of increasing
debate. The discussion challenges and builds upon recent work on women's
writing and history, by examining how and why the role of women changed at this
time. This work is concerned with contemporary representations of women, and
concentrates on analysis of primary texts and archival material over a wide range
of genres, including educational treatises, plays, popular tracts, political pamphlets,
historical writing and newspapers - the latter proving a major resource.
Following a critical introduction, the thesis falls into four chapters. Chapter one
discusses the reputation, critical reception and public fame of Macaulay and More,
thereby providing insights into contemporary sexual and social politics. Women
were considered arbiters of morals and manners - believed to play a vital role in
ensuring social stability - and the second chapter examines how the threat of
revolution led to increasing anxiety and debate about the nature of female
education. The third and fourth chapters discuss religion and politics respectively,
and argue that beliefs about the interdependency of Church and State, together with
the feminization of religion, legitimized women's involvement in politics and
enlarged their sphere of influence.
3
The conclusion argues that the political and religious climate provided
opportunities for women to reassess and redefine their roles; while often remaining
within parameters defined by commonly held perceptions of femininity, they
politicized the domestic, extended female agency, and elevated the status of
women
Hannah Arendt, in and on America: an émigré from Germany in the promised land
No full textHannah Arendt (1906-1975) captured the interest and imagination of scholars and the literati by developing two important concepts: totalitarianism and the banality of evil which influenced the second half of 20th century political thinking and has continued to permeate political and social theories and cultural descriptions. Her theories and analyses provided questions and answers which caution us today on both foreign and public policies and issues of governance and power. Quotes from Arendt’s writings could easily be the subtext for most front page headlines as her range of ideas extended from the social (segregation and education) to the most esoteric philosophic and political systems. This paper will introduce the unique contributions of Hannah Arendt’s major theories and present an overview of Arendt’s important mid-twentieth century political theories formulated while in America, the nation she adopted, and will offer examples of their importance today. Hannah Arendt’s body of work, much of which was translated from German, her native language, into English (and other languages) with continuous reprinting and some revised editions, has become essential scholarship. Three selections have been consistently cited as her major works: The Origins of Totalitarianism (1951), The Human Condition (1958), and Eichmann in Jerusalem: A Report on the Banality of Evil (1963). This research relied upon recent publications of Arendt’s essays, interviews, lectures, and correspondence, most interestingly, Arendt’s correspondence with her teacher, philosopher Karl Jaspers, from 1926 until Jaspers’ death in 1967. Arendt’s letters were consulted to and from her husband, Heinrich Blucher, (1936-1968) which provided Arendt with essential intellectual support. They were both professors and members of the New York intelligentsia. The correspondence between Arendt and American writer, Mary McCarthy, (1949-1975) provided Arendt with not only the comradeship between confidants, but also a quiet and trusted therapy needed and respected by each woman. Hannah Arendt’s written and spoken words will form the basis of this presentation.M.A.Includes bibliographical references (p. 35-37)by Lois M. Genoves
Probing the design rationale of a high-performing faujasitic zeotype engineered with hierarchical porosity and moderated acidity
No full textPorosity and acidity are influential properties in the rational design of solid-acid catalysts. Probing the physicochemical characteristics of an acidic zeotype framework at the molecular level can provide valuable insights in understanding intrinsic reaction pathways, for affording structure–activity relationships. Herein, we employ a variety of probe-based techniques (including positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS), FTIR and solid-state NMR spectroscopy) to demonstrate how a hierarchical design strategy for a faujasitic (FAU) zeotype (synthesized for the first time, via a soft-templating approach, with high phase-purity) can be used to simultaneously modify the porosity and modulate the acidity for an industrially significant catalytic process (Beckmann rearrangement). Detailed characterization of hierarchically porous (HP) SAPO-37 reveals enhanced mass-transport characteristics and moderated acidity, which leads to superior catalytic performance and increased resistance to deactivation by coking, compared to its microporous counterpart, further vindicating the interplay between porosity and moderated acidity.</p
The Effects of Bullying on Hannah Baker Reflected on Jay Asher’s Thirteen Reasons Why Novel (2007): A Sociological Perspective
Full text linkThis study focuses on the effect of bullying on Hannah Baker reflected on Jay Asher’s Thirteen Reason Why novel (2007). This study is a sociological perspective. This study aims to explain Hannah Baker’s bullying indicators, to depict the bullyingon Hannah Baker on Jay Asher’s Thirteen Reasons Why, to interpret the reasons of Jay Asher chooses bullying on Thirteen Reasons Why novel. There are two types of data, primary data and secondary data. There are three results of research from this novel. First, the indicators of bullying found in Thirteen Reasons Whythe novel by Jay Asher as follows gives an unpleasant look, body shaming, physical violence, ridicule, and touch a body part without permission. Second, the author describes the issue of bullying through character, events and setting. Third, the author addressed the bullying based on one of his relative's experience
The critical use of narrative and literature in gerontology
Full text linkIt is now widely accepted that "age" and "ageing" are cultural concepts that are open to question. The thinking encouraged by critical gerontology has been crucially important in provoking questions about the complexities of later life, age and ageing. Similarly, the interrogation of stories of age and ageing via narrative approaches and as found in literature are increasingly recognised as an important source of knowledge for mining the intricacies of later life. There are close links between the interests of critical gerontologists and those who engage in narrative and literary gerontology. However, the potential that critical gerontology has for illuminating and probing these stories of age has often been neglected. The central argument of this article is that narrative and literary approaches to age and ageing when allied to perspectives from critical gerontology can furnish scholars with important perspectives for interpreting and re-configuring "age". The focus is upon how a genuinely dialogic relationship between critical gerontology and narrative and literary gerontology can be forged. In this way, the full potential of these stories of ageing; their epistemological status for enriching theoretical work on ageing, might be better exploited
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Correction: Airway epithelial cells prime plasmacytoid dendritic cells to respond to pathogens via secretion of growth factors.
Full text linkThe original version of this Article contained an error in the spelling of the author Hannah Nguyen, which was incorrectly given as Hannah Ngyuen. This has now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article
"different sentiments & different connections supports them" : sensibility, community, and diversity in British women's Romantic-period poetry
Full text linkWith diversity
as an overarching theme, women writers' responses to the
cultural
feminisation and developing social climate of
late eighteenth- and early
nineteenth-century Britain
are explored through analyses of their poems on
sensibility, community, and abolition.
To determine a
focus for
expressive criticism
and recover Romantic women writers
from the social and historical
contexts that have
previously succeeded in highlighting
male literary
achievements, women's poetry is
considered a distinct
contribution to Romanticism. This dissertation analyses poems
written
by Joanna Baillie, Anna Barbauld, Harriet
and Maria Falconar, Frances
Greensted, Frances Greville, Elizabeth Hands, Eliza Knipe, Isabella Lickbarrow,
Hannah More, Amelia Opie, Priscilla Pointon, Mary Robinson, Mary Scott, Helen
Maria Williams, Ann Yearsley, and Mary Julia Young.
Although literature brought together the public and private spheres, sensibility
mediated
between the two and served as a social currency
for
women.
The
various
applications of sensibility are apparent
in its dual-gendered nature,
its link
with
reason, and the significance of economic
language. A
new genre of the "Address to
Sensibility" was prominent
in the period and
followed
a
loose formula
which
defined
sensibility,
traced its
personal
impact,
and
determined
a
link between the Romantic
culture and
heightened
emotion.
Through
explorations of poems on
intellectual
coteries, patronage, creative
influence, Reviews, and
literary
critique,
it is
evident that women poets' affiliations
with the literary
community were marked
by
a
discomfort based on their literary
associations,
the anxiety about their public reception, and the social
differences in the
literary
community.
However, the development
of social,
intellectual, literary,
and
critical communities alleviated this discomfort
and contributed
to women's
participation
in literary
culture.
In
addition, women poets expressed sensibility and used images of community
in diverse ways in their works against slavery and the trade.
Abolitionist
poetry acts
as a case study of the particular motifs,
highlighted throughout, such as the
amalgamation of masculine and
feminine, the political and economic applications of
sensibility, the association of
feeling
with reason and community, and the assertion of
individuality
amidst commonality.
Women
poets' petitions
to alleviate the sufferings
of slaves paralleled arguments
for the improvement
of
British
society to benefit
women.
The poems discussed signify the complexity of the issues of sensibility,
community, and diversity
Patronage and Professionalism in the writings of Hannah More, Charlotte Smith and Ann Yearsley, 1770-1806.
Full text linkThis thesis examines the changes which were occurring in the literary marketplace at the end of the eighteenth century. The place of the traditional aristocratic patrons was gradually being taken by publishers and book sellers, who were increasingly dealing with writers direct. This move away from patronage towards a new form of professionalism took place during two decades of intense political upheaval and questioning of national identity, and at a point where women writers were being
seen increasingly as a natural part of literary culture.
The argument is focused on three case studies of women who came to prominence in the 1780s, and explores their different experiences of life as professional
writers, patrons and protegees. Their work is placed within the context of two significant political and social events; the beginnings of the movement to abolish the
slave trade in 1788, and the French Revolution. In particular, the thesis enagages with the Revolution's descent into the Terror in the 1790s, and the response of British writers to this most brutal phase.
Also considered are the various ways in which a literary work could be brought into print at the end of the eighteenth century, and how the three central women were
able to move from one mode of publishing to another. This thesis also sets out to offer a fresh perspective on the careers of these women, and in particular to recover the
reputation of Ann Yearsley as a writer of note in the 1790s.
It is proposed that a broader view needs to be taken of the factors influencing literary production in the 1780s and 90s than is currently the case, and the argument is
concluded with a consideration of the relationship between patronage and professionalism at the end of the eighteenth century, and an assessment of the significance of patronage in an increasingly professional literary marketplace
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