3 research outputs found
Culture and Education System in Civil Parish Atasiene in 20th Century, Years 20-50.
No full textDarbā „Kultūra un izglītības sistēma Atašienes pagastā 20.gs. 20-50. gados” tiek apzinātas un analizētas kultūras un izglītības iespējas Jēkabpils rajona Atašienes pagasta teritorijā no 20.gs.20.gadiem līdz 20 gs. 50. gadiem, kā centrālo objektu aplūkojot Marinzejas pili, jo tēma ir minimāli pētīta, darbs būs noderīgs Atašienes gidiem un tūristiem.
Darba gaitā iegūtie secinājumi:
•lielākais Atašienes pagasta kultūras un izglītības virzītājspēks 20.gs. sākumā bija Latgales atmoda;
•20.gs. 20.gados Atašienē noteicošās bija 6 mazās skolas, taču centrā nostājās Brāļu Skrindu pamatskola, ar kodolīgu un kompetentu skolotāju kolektīvu, kas būtībā virzīja pagasta izaugsmi;
•20.gs. 30. gados aktīvi darbojās aizsargi, mazpulks, baznīcas koris, ko noteica Atašienes iedzīvotāju aktīvā vēlme mācīties;
•kara gadi pārmainīja pilnīgi visas dzīves sfēras- skolas komunistiskā ikdiena, darbs kolhozos, ļeņinisms-marksisms, deportācijas, trūkums, nabadzība, stagnācija, kultūras diapazona maiņa- galvenie atslēgvārdi 20.gs. 40.-50.gadiem;
•vārdi „kultūra” un „izglītība” Atašienē 20.gs. 20.-50. gados var tik lietoti kā sinonīmi, jo izglītības institūcijas bija autoritāte.In the bachelor work “Culture and Education System in Civil Parish Atasiene in 20th Century Year’s 20-50” author gather information and analyze cultural life and education system in territory of Atasiene from 20th century Years 20 till 50 and castle Marinzeja as the central object because author comes from Atasiene, theme isn’t explored and this work will be useful for guides of Atasiene while there’re coming many tourists.
The conclusions of the research:
•impulsive force for culture and education was Latgale’s revival in the beginning of 20th century;
•in the years 20th the most important cultural level were six small schools but at the same time central place occupied Bralu Skrindu primary school with succinct and proficient collective of teachers who fundamentally directed progress in Atasiene;
•20th century years 30th very progressive were defender’s organization, small regiment, the choir of church what is attributable with wish to learn as much as you can;
•the years of war changed totally everything- communistically educated children, work in kolkhoz, Leninism- Marxism theory, deportations, penury, poverty, stagnation, the change of cultural diapason- these are the keywords of 20th century year’s 40-50;
•words “culture” and “education” can be used like synonyms because education institutions were authority
Global Incidence and Risk Factors Associated With Postoperative Urinary Retention Following Elective Inguinal Hernia Repair
No full textImportance: Postoperative urinary retention (POUR) is a well-recognized complication of inguinal hernia repair (IHR). A variable incidence of POUR has previously been reported in this context, and contradictory evidence surrounds potential risk factors. Objective: To ascertain the incidence of, explore risk factors for, and determine the health service outcomes of POUR following elective IHR. Design, Setting, and Participants: The Retention of Urine After Inguinal Hernia Elective Repair (RETAINER I) study, an international, prospective cohort study, recruited participants between March 1 and October 31, 2021. This study was conducted across 209 centers in 32 countries in a consecutive sample of adult patients undergoing elective IHR. Exposure: Open or minimally invasive IHR by any surgical technique, under local, neuraxial regional, or general anesthesia. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was the incidence of POUR following elective IHR. Secondary outcomes were perioperative risk factors, management, clinical consequences, and health service outcomes of POUR. A preoperative International Prostate Symptom Score was measured in male patients. Results: In total, 4151 patients (3882 male and 269 female; median [IQR] age, 56 [43-68] years) were studied. Inguinal hernia repair was commenced via an open surgical approach in 82.2% of patients (n = 3414) and minimally invasive surgery in 17.8% (n = 737). The primary form of anesthesia was general in 40.9% of patients (n = 1696), neuraxial regional in 45.8% (n = 1902), and local in 10.7% (n = 446). Postoperative urinary retention occurred in 5.8% of male patients (n = 224), 2.97% of female patients (n = 8), and 9.5% (119 of 1252) of male patients aged 65 years or older. Risk factors for POUR after adjusted analyses included increasing age, anticholinergic medication, history of urinary retention, constipation, out-of-hours surgery, involvement of urinary bladder within the hernia, temporary intraoperative urethral catheterization, and increasing operative duration. Postoperative urinary retention was the primary reason for 27.8% of unplanned day-case surgery admissions (n = 74) and 51.8% of 30-day readmissions (n = 72). Conclusions: The findings of this cohort study suggest that 1 in 17 male patients, 1 in 11 male patients aged 65 years or older, and 1 in 34 female patients may develop POUR following IHR. These findings could inform preoperative patient counseling. In addition, awareness of modifiable risk factors may help to identify patients at increased risk of POUR who may benefit from perioperative risk mitigation strategies.
Vasopressor use after noncardiac surgery: an international observational study
No full textBackground: Hypotension after major noncardiac surgery is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and costs, and is often treated with postoperative vasopressor infusions. The frequency of administration in the postoperative period is unknown. Methods: This international prospective cohort study was conducted between October 2020 and October 2023. At each hospital, adults undergoing noncardiac surgery were enrolled into two cohorts: all consecutive patients for 1 week (Cohort A) and an additional sample of up to 30 consecutive patients administered postoperative vasopressor infusions within 1 yr (Cohort B). The primary outcome (Cohort A) was the incidence of postoperative vasopressor infusions, defined as any continuous infusion of vasopressors. Secondary outcomes included in-hospital mortality, organ dysfunction, length of hospital stay, and complications associated with postoperative vasopressor infusions (both cohorts). Results: In total, 25 675 participants were enrolled from 228 hospitals across 42 countries. In Cohort A, 770/19 768 (3.9%) participants received postoperative vasopressor infusions, with vasopressor use ranging between 0% and 18% across hospitals (median odds ratio: 2.30 [credible interval 1.96–2.73]). This variability did not alter after adjustment for case-mix and procedural characteristics. For both cohorts, postoperative vasopressor infusions were associated with higher (15.5%) in-hospital mortality, higher rates of organ failure, and longer hospital stay. Conclusions: Administration of postoperative vasopressors after noncardiac surgery varied across hospitals and was associated with worse outcomes. Variable practice across hospitals could not be explained by differences in case-mix. Clinical trial registration: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03805230, ESAIC tracking ID: ESAIC_CTN_SQUEEZE
