95 research outputs found
Xun zhao yu zhou can shu de ge xiang yi xing
No full textChan, King Pak Keven = 尋找宇宙參數的各向異性 / 陳景柏.Thesis Ph.D. Chinese University of Hong Kong 2015.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 104-107).Abstracts also in Chinese.Title from PDF title page (viewed on 29, September, 2016).Chan, King Pak Keven = Xun zhao yu zhou can shu de ge xiang yi xing / Chen Jingbo
The palace of Pak Tai: a study of the historyand architecture of Pak Tai Temple in Wan Chai
No full text“The historic environment is part of everyday life. It is accessible to everyone. It is around us every time we travel to work, drive to the supermarket or go to school. Studying it, being able to read and interpret it, enriches people’s lives as much as literature, music, or history. Access creates interest, interest stimulates understanding, understanding brings enjoyment, enjoyment leads to commitment. All contribute to the quality of life.”
Alison Hems
(Blockley 2006: 5)
What Alison said above is really the author’s passion to study the Architectural Conservation Programme (ACP) and the aspiration for writing this dissertation. The Pak Tai Temple in Wan Chai is a heritage place in urban area where it is accessible to every one. However, many people live in Wan Chai do not know the Temple. As a novice of architectural conservation, the author attempts to explore the tangibles as well as intangibles on a fundamental basis to collect all available data and information for this research. As far as possible, the author collects the primary information from the temple keeper, the local residents, worshippers and other stakeholders. At the same time, the author searches archival documents from public library websites as well as historic records from the Hong Kong Public Records Office.
The author hopes that this dissertation would not be an inventory record of the Pak Tai Temple on architecture. He wants it to be a collection of real life stories about the activities occurred in the Temple and its neighbouring community. It is the stories about the people and the changing social life here composite the heritage of the Temple. Of course, the essential tangible items for heritage conservation have been recorded in details.
The author regrets that he is not a graduate of architecture, so this dissertation will not provide too much technical information.published_or_final_versionConservationMasterMaster of Science in Conservatio
Ji yu yu yi gan zhi he yu fa de yi chuan bian cheng ji qi ying yong
No full textPh.D.Our world is supported by millions of computer programs. Every day programmers develop new programs and improve the existing programs. Programming is continually being automated. If a computer can develop a program for itself with quality as high as human programmers,this will accelerate the software development process, enable everyone to build a more sophisticated software system,and reduce the total amount of software errors. Can a computer learn how to write a computer program for a computational task? This is the research question asked in the field of automatic programming. The term automatic programming is about using computers to build a program after users tell the computers what to do by instructing the computers at a higher level of abstraction. Genetic Programming (GP)is an automatic programming technique.In this thesis,probabilistic approaches are applied to address the problems of dependencies found in programs. The contributions can be divided into two parts. In terms of methodology, we have developed a new Probabilistic Model Building Genetic Programming (PMBGP), namely Grammar-Based GP with Bayesian Classifiers, using Bayesian network classifiers to identify the semantics requirements within a grammar. It can handle deceptive problems (i.e. challenging problems that can mislead the search in GP). In addition, a new PMBGP called Bayesian Grammar-Based GP with Hierarchical Learning which can construct new grammar rules is a new method developed. It relies on the information from the semantically adapted grammar in PMBGP. Lastly, we propose semantics flow GP which is a novel concept based on information theory. All in all, these methods are semantics-aware because they estimate whether a subprogram is a part of optimal programs, i.e. meronymy semantic relation.The feasibility of applying the methods in two real-world applications are demonstrated. The direct marketing problem applies our GP method for data mining. It has great potential commercial value. Recently,Deep Neural Network (DNN) is a powerful machine learning technique and attains outstanding performance in many applications. However, manually configuring of a DNN is complicated because of the large design space. Therefore, we develop our GP method to automatically search for a set of DNNs programs written in Python for real-world applications. It successfully improves the classification performance.我們的世界由數百萬計算機程式所驅動。每天程式員編寫 新程式, 並改進現有程式。與此同時，編寫程式的工作不斷被 自動化。如果計算機具有編寫程式的人工智能，並能開發出質 量與程式員一樣高的程序,這將會帶來很多好處: 加速軟件開發 過程、輔助程式員建立更複雜的軟件系統, 以及減少程式錯誤 的總量。可是計算機如何「學習」編寫程式? 程式員要如何教 導計算機去編寫程式? 這些都是在自動化編程領域裏的研究問 題。自動化編程是指當用戶透過高抽象層次的指令去告訴計算 機要做甚麼工作後, 計算機會用較低抽象層次的指令來構建一 個程式來完成工作。遺傳編程（GeneticProgramming）是其中 一種自動編程的方法。本論文針對自動化編程時遇到的一系列語義和語法上的依 賴性問題, 提出概率方法去分析和解決這些問題。為此, 作者開 發了全新的概率模型構建遺傳編程(ProbabilisticModelBuilding Genetic Programming) 方法。作者這種方法的特點是使用多個 貝葉斯網絡分類器來識別語法中的語義要求, 以減少遺傳編程 構建最佳程式時被誤導, 及提高搜索效率。另外, 基於語義上的 信息, 我們也開發了一種可以自動製造新語法規則的概率模型 構建遺傳編程。除此之外, 作者還提出了語義流遺傳編程。語 義流是一種基於信息理論的新概念。於語義流遺傳編程中, 作者設計出新的語義感知方法。在本論文的最後部份，作者為新的概率模型構建遺傳編程 帶來了兩項實際應用。作者指出新的概率模型構建遺傳編程適 用於商業上的直接營銷。實驗結果顯示, 新的方法能夠可觀地 增加營銷收益。深度神經網絡（DeepNeuralNetwork）是強大 的機器學習方法，並在許多實際應用中表現出色。但是，因為 深度神經網絡設計空間大, 手動配置深度神經網絡是很複雜的。 所以，我們使用了新的概率模型構建遺傳編程, 並開發了一套 系統。這套系統能自動編寫以 Python 語言表達的深度神經網 絡的程式。實驗結果顯示, 這個系統能産生的深度神經網絡, 有 助提升分類性能。Wong, Pak Kan.Thesis Ph.D. Chinese University of Hong Kong 2019.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 130-141).Abstracts also in Chinese.Title from PDF title page (viewed on …).Wong, Pak Kan
Zai ou he guang qiang zhen lie yu yuan zi qun xi tong zhong yue lian xu neng jie nei de shu fu tai
No full textM.Phil.Bound states in the continuum (BICs) are quantum states having energies in the continuous spectrum. They are uncommon but interesting examples of quantum interference. In this thesis, we employ waveguide-QED as a platform to study BICs formed by interacting photons and atoms. In addition, we examine the existence conditions of a BIC in certain waveguide-QED models. These models include an 1D coupled-cavity array coupled to two ensembles of two-level atoms. We discover an analytic solution of BICs comprising multiple excitations (photons) in such a system. In particular, the solution indicates interesting behaviors of the BIC, such as a subradiant state or a quantum cavity, as a function of system parameters. Although BICs cease to exist when system parameters are slightly deviated from the required values, we show that excitations can still be trapped with relatively long lifetimes. Finally, based on the interference mechanism in the 1D model, we develop a scheme to construct a family of BICs in a 2D square lattice. Spatially separated atoms in these BICs are found to be entangled on the lattice.連續能階中的束縛態（BICs）是種能階藏於連續能階中的量子態。它們是種不常見但有趣的量子干涉例子。我們在這篇論文中會以波導電動力學為平台，研究由光子與原子交互作用而形成的BICs。此外，我們也探討在特定波導電動力學模型中的BICs的存在條件。這些模型包含了與兩堆原子耦合的一維耦合光腔陣列。從中，我們發現了一個多重激發（光子）的BICs的可分析解。此解顯示了BICs會因應不同的系統參數，而表現出如不放射的原子態或量子光腔等的有趣行為。然後，我們證明了雖然BICs會因為系統參數偏離指定數值而不存在，但是系統的激發依然能在一段相對長的時間內被保留。最後，利用上述一維模型的干涉機制，我們發展了一個能建構出一系列二維方形晶格BICs的方案，及發現在這些BICs中位於不同晶格位置的原子是纏結的。Fong, Pak Tik = 在耦合光腔陣列與原子群系統中約連續能階內的束縛態 / 方柏廸.Thesis M.Phil. Chinese University of Hong Kong 2019.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 105-108).Abstracts also in Chinese.Title from PDF title page (viewed on 04, January, 2021).Fong, Pak Tik = Zai ou he guang qiang zhen lie yu yuan zi qun xi tong zhong yue lian xu neng jie nei de shu fu tai / Fang Baidi
Xin zang ban mo yu xiao shu zhi fa yu ji wen tai
No full textM.Phil.心臟瓣膜是具組織的動態結構，其作用是於心臟週期防止血液回流。適當的心臟瓣膜發育和穩態對於正常的心臟功能是十分重要的。心臟瓣膜發育涉及心內膜墊形成和內皮細胞至間質轉化（EndMT）。發育中的胚胎裡有多個來源能提供心臟瓣膜細胞。然而在心臟瓣膜的瓣膜間質細胞（VIC），就主要通過EndMT過程從內皮細胞衍生。EndMT是具細胞身份轉變的遷移過程，其中間充質細胞將侵入心膠質並且在那裡進行進一步的形態發生。這個由小鼠胚胎日（E）8.5至10.5的過程將會形成早期心臟瓣膜。 從E10.5起，心臟瓣膜重塑會開始，這將涉及間充質細胞的增殖，擴增和分化，瓣膜成熟和凝縮，藉以開發心臟瓣膜的功能性。成熟的心臟瓣膜具有複雜的結構，並有著細胞外基質（ECM）的分層結構，當中包括彈性蛋白，膠原和蛋白聚醣，而這個分層結構會被單層內皮細胞包圍。這種分層結構為了在不同的生理情況下所承受的血液動力變化提供強力的靈活性和伸縮性作支援。 然而由於心臟的泵送作用，瓣膜在整個生命期間總是面對血壓，因此必須從瓣膜細胞群得到補充以維持正常的瓣膜形態和功能。在這個研究中，我們發現EndMT的過程會延長到成年後的心臟瓣膜。透過在小鼠Tie2-Cre; R26R對瓣膜內皮細胞系的追蹤，結果表明瓣膜內皮細胞層可以通過EndMT作為細胞機制來進行心臟瓣膜維持。除了細胞機制，骨形態發生蛋白（BMP）信號被發現是維護心臟瓣膜的關鍵。典型的BMP信號傳導涉及細胞內R-Smad蛋白的啟動，其是作為轉錄因數的信號轉導分子。在這裡，我們發現活化的R-Smads（磷酸-Smad1和磷酸-Smad5）和他們的相互作用合作夥伴Co-Smad（Smad4）表達在E15.5，E18.5和成年階段的心臟瓣膜。使用反向遺傳方法，通過誘導型Cre / loxP系統，Smad1和Smad5在心臟瓣膜發育期間的不同階段失活。在E13.5和E14.5時接受三苯氧胺注射驅動而失活的Smad1 / 5突變體中，在E18.5的心臟瓣膜裡觀察到有不正確的定位和異常形態。然而，在6週齡失活的成年期突變體顯示主動脈瓣有異位細胞群，Smad1 / 5突變體也發展心臟功能障礙，如超聲波心動圖和斷層掃描（μCT）所示。總言而之，我們的實驗數據表明BMP信號除了在介導EndMT和心內膜墊形成有明顯作用外，在心臟瓣膜重塑階段和成人階段的穩態亦非常重要。Heart valves are organized and dynamic structure which prevents the backflow of blood during the cardiac cycle. A proper heart valve development and maintenance is crucial to normal cardiac function.Heart valve development involves endocardiac cushion formation and endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT). The heart valve cells come from multiple sources in the developing embryo. In the mesenchymal cells which are the future valvular interstitial cells (VIC) are mainly derived from the endothelial cells through the process of EndMT. EndMT is a cellular migration process with identity changes in which the mesenchymal cells would invade the cardiac jelly and populate there for further morphogenesis. This process would bring the primitive heart valve to be formed from embryonic day (E) 8.5-10.5 in mouse. From E10.5 onward, heart valve remodeling begins and it would be involving proliferation, expansion and differentiation of mesenchymal cells, valve maturation and condensation in order to develop functional cardiac valves.Mature heart valves have a complex structure with stratification of extra-cellular matrix (ECM) which are elastin, collagen and proteoglycans and surrounded by a single layer of endothelial cells. This stratified structure provides strength for valves to withstand the changing hemodynamic environment in different physiological situations. However, due to the heart’s pumping action, the valves are always facing the blood pressure throughout life and therefore there must be replenishment from the population of valvular cells to maintain normal valve morphology and functionality. Here, we demonstrated that the processes of EndMT are found in adult heart valves by inducible Tie2-Cre; R26R reporter lineage tracing in mice. The results suggested that the layer of VEC could be the source of heart valve maintenance through EndMT.Apart from the cellular mechanism, BMP signaling is found to be essential in governing heart valve maintenance. Canonical BMP signaling involves the activation of intracellular R-Smad proteins which are the signal transducers that act as transcription factors. Here, we found that the activated R-Smads (phospho-Smad1 and phospho-Smad5) and their interacting partner co-Smad (Smad4) were expressed at E15.5, E18.5 and adult stages in the heart valve. Using reverse genetic approach through the inducible Cre/loxP system, Smad1 and Smad5 were inactivated at different stages during heart valve development. In the Smad1/5 conditional knockout (CKO) mutants, incorrect positioning and abnormal morphology of heart valve were observed at E18.5 in which Smad1/5 inactivation driven by tamoxifen injection at E13.5 and E14.5. Nevertheless, mutants at adult stage with Smad1/5 inactivation at six week-old displayed ectopic metaplasia in the aortic vales and as consequences, the Smad1/5 CKO mutants also developed cardiac malfunctioning as detected by echocardiography and micro-computed tomography (µCT). Together, our data suggest that BMP signaling plays a critical role at the stage of heart valve remodeling till adult stage apart from mediating EndMT and endocardiac cushion formation from E8.5-10.5.Liu, Pak Lun Baggio.Thesis M.Phil. Chinese University of Hong Kong 2017.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 101-112).Abstracts also in Chinese.Title from PDF title page (viewed on 24, October, 2019).Liu, Pak Lun Baggio.Detailed summary in vernacular field only.Detailed summary in vernacular field only.Detailed summary in vernacular field only.Detailed summary in vernacular field only
TOPICAL ISSUES OF SOCIAL PARTNERSHIP DEVELOPMENT BETWEEN HEI AND EMPLOYERS IN EDUCATION MODERNIZATION CONTEXT
No full textThe paper analyzes the state of an interaction between a HEI and employers in the context of education modernization, reveals the causes why the social partnership between higher school and the labor market continues to be ineffective. The survey data regarding the key forms of the partnership (243 experts of recruitment agencies, employment consultants involved) showed that most of employers are not interested in personnel replenishment. They are not ready to participate in education process and to invest in target training of specialists. The authors outline the strategic benchmarks of social partnership development towards shaping the national system of qualifications, designing professional and educational standards in the competence format
Yi hu shi wei zhu dao de zong he xing gan yu cuo shi dui xin zhen tang niao bing huan zhe xing wei, xin li she hui ji sheng li xing zhi biao de xiao guo yan jiu
No full textPh.D.The alarming prevalence and incidence of diabetes have introduced tremendous burdens to individuals with the condition, their families, and the healthcare system worldwide. Diabetes education is one of the effective solutions to improve diabetes-related knowledge, self-management awareness and behaviours, and the glycaemic control among individuals with diabetes. International and national guidelines suggest providing structured education to individuals with diabetes once the diagnosis of diabetes is made. However, programmes investigating the effectiveness of structured education among individuals with diabetes are limited, and, to date, no eligible structured education programme is identified for Chinese individuals with diabetes.The objectives of this multi-phase study were to: 1) develop a nurse-led, culturally tailored, integrative health and wellness programme for Chinese individuals with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes; 2) investigate the effectiveness of such programme on behavioural, psychosocial and biomedical outcomes among individuals with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.The phase I of this study included two systematic reviews, examining the effectiveness of structured education and TCM-based lifestyle interventions, respectively, in individuals with type 2 diabetes. One systematic review was conducted to synthesise the best available evidence on the effectiveness of structured education for individuals with type 2 diabetes. The analysis of the seven eligible studies showed that structured education tended to be effective in improving the control over HbA1c, and the level of diabetes knowledge, self-efficacy and self-management in individuals with type 2 diabetes. The review also showed that structured education may be effective in lowering SBP among those individuals whose SBP value was higher than the normal range (SBP ≥ 130 mmHg), and no effectiveness in lowering DBP was identified. Conclusion on the effects of structured education on FBG, weight management, depression and QOL cannot be drawn due to the limited number of trials that measured such variables.Another systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted to synthesise the best available evidence on the effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)-based lifestyle interventions for individuals with type 2 diabetes. The pooled analysis of the 24 eligible studies showed tai chi practice for at least 150 minutes per week was beneficial in lowering HbA1c level (mean difference, -1.48%; 95% CI, -2.58% to -0.39%; p < 0.001), FBG (mean difference, -1.14 mmol/L; 95% CI, -1.78 to -0.50 mmol/L; p < 0.001), BMI (mean difference, -0.62; 95% CI, -1.14 to -0.11; p = 0.02), and improving quality of life. The pooled analysis also demonstrated beneficial effects of ba duan jin on HbA1c (mean difference, -0.77 mmol/L; 95% CI, -0.97 to -0.56; p < 0.001) and FBG (mean difference, -0.82 mmol/L; 95% CI, -1.05 to -0.59; p < 0.001) levels, BMI (MD, -2.77; 95% CI, -4.11 to -1.43; p < 0.001), and depression (MD, -4.53; 95% CI, -7.12 to -1.94; p < 0.001). The lower-intensity, aerobic exercise of ba duan jin, which combines physical activity, controlled breath and meditation, was incorporated into the education session on physical activity of the structured education programme developed for the main (phase III) study.Regarding the development of instrument to evaluate the study outcome, forward and backward translation method was used to translate the 23-item Michigan Diabetes Knowledge Test (DKT) into Chinese. A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate its psychometric properties in individuals with type 2 diabetes (the phase II of this study). A convenience sample of 180 inpatients with type 2 diabetes were recruited from the Endocrinology Department of four tertiary university-affiliated hospitals in Xi’an. The findings showed that the Chinese version of the DKT (DKT-C) had satisfactory internal consistency reliability (KR 20 coefficients of 0.70 and 0.66, for the general test subscale and insulin use subscale, respectively). Known-groups comparisons based on different educational levels and whether received diabetes education or not, and convergent validity analysis by examining the association with diabetes self-efficacy suggested the DKT-C had acceptable construct validity. The DKT-C was used to assess and evaluate the outcome of diabetes knowledge in the main study.A Nurse-led Integrative Health and Wellness (NIHaW) programme was developed on the basis of evidence-based international guidelines, the theoretical frameworks combining the Health Belief Model and the Self Efficacy Theory, the findings of the systematic reviews, and evidences from the literature. A randomised controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of the NIHaW programme on behavioural, psychosocial and biomedical outcomes among individuals with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. A convenience sample of 128 individuals with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (diagnosed within 6 months) were randomly allocated to the intervention or the control groups. Participants in the intervention group received an eight-session, four-week, integrative medicine-based structured education programme which covers the basic pathological knowledge about diabetes, healthy eating, physical activity, blood glucose monitoring, medicine taking, problem solving, healthy coping, and reducing risks. Participants in the control group received the routine care provided by the hospitals where they were recruited. The primary outcome was self-management, while diabetes knowledge, self-efficacy, depressive symptoms, QOL, HbA1c, FBG, BP and BMI were measured as the secondary outcomes. Data on behavioural and psychosocial outcomes were collected at baseline (T0), immediate post-intervention (T1), and three-month post-intervention (T2), and data on biomedical outcomes were collected at T0 and T2. Data analysis adhered to the intention-to-treat principle, and the Generalised Estimating Equation (GEE) was used for comparing the difference between groups over time.The GEE models showed that the NIHaW programme was beneficial in promoting self-management behaviours regarding diabetes-specific diets (β = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.24 to 1.80, p = 0.011 and β = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.12 to 1.55, p = 0.023 in the SDSCA diabetes-specific diet item regarding intake of fruits and vegetables and the SDSCA diabetes-specific diet item regarding intake of high fat foods, respectively), foot care (β = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.05 to 2.54, p < 0.001 in the SDSCA foot care subscale), and medication management (β = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.25 to 1.41, p = 0.005 in the SDSCA medication management item), improving level of diabetes knowledge (β = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.15 to 2.53, p < 0.001 and β = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.05 to 1.88, p = 0.038 in the DKT-C general knowledge subscale and the DKT-C insulin use-related subscale, respectively) and diabetes management self-efficacy (β = 8.73, 95% CI: 3.34 to 14.12, p = 0.001 in the DMSES), and reducing depressive symptoms (β = -5.53, 95% CI: -8.52 to -2.53, p < 0.001 in the CES-D) at the immediate post-intervention follow-up (T1).The GEE models also showed that the NIHaW programme was beneficial in promoting self-management behaviours regarding intake of fruits and vegetables (β = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.18 to 1.78, p = 0.016 in the SDSCA diabetes-specific diet item regarding intake of fruits and vegetables), blood-glucose testing (β = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.20 to 1.08, p = 0.004 in the SDSCA blood-glucose testing subscale), foot care (β = 2.02, 95% CI: 1.27 to 2.77, p < 0.001 in the SDSCA foot care subscale), and medication management (β = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.31, 1.58, p = 0.003 in the SDSCA medication management item), improving level of general diabetes knowledge (β = 2.46, 95% CI: 1.77 to 3.16, p < 0.001 in the DKT-C general knowledge subscale), diabetes management self-efficacy (β = 9.71, 95% CI: 4.03 to 15.38, p = 0.001 in the DMSES), and QOL (β = 3.75, 95% CI: 1.64 to 5.86, p = 0.001 and β = 4.33, 95% CI: 1.71 to 6.95, p = 0.001 in the SF-12v2 PCS and MCS, respectively), reducing depressive symptoms (β = 7.67, 95% CI: -10.77 to -4.57, p < 0.001 in the CES-D), and lowering HbA1c (β = -0.32%, 95% CI: -0.49% to -0.14%, p < 0.001) and BP levels (β = -3.91 mmHg, 95% CI: -6.08 to -1.74 mmHg, p < 0.001 and β = -3.26 mmHg, 95% CI: -4.84 to -1.68 mmHg, p < 0.001 in SBP and DBP, respectively) at the 3-month follow-up (T2).The findings of the current study demonstrated beneficial effects of the NIHaW programme on behavioural, psychosocial and biomedical outcomes in individuals with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. The NIHaW programme provided empirical evidence on the effectiveness of a nurse-led, integrative medicine-based structured education programme in this vulnerable population. Further studies are worthwhile in order to examine the feasibility and effectiveness of the NIHaW in more diverse research participants and research settings.近年來糖尿病的患病率和發病率呈現顯著增長趨勢，給糖尿病患者與其家庭以及整個醫療衛生系統帶來沉重的負擔。糖尿病健康教育是提高糖尿病患者疾病相關知識水準、自我管理意識及行為，從而改善血糖控制的有效途徑之一。眾多國內外糖尿病領域學術機構在各自發行的糖尿病診療指南中推薦：從糖尿病確診那一刻開始即向糖尿病患者提供糖尿病結構化健康教育。然而，在全球範圍內，完全符合標準的糖尿病結構化健康教育仍為少見。迄今為止尚未見關於在中國糖尿病人群中開展結構化健康教育的科研報告。基於以上背景，本課題通過多階段研究設計，旨在發展一個以護士為主導、基於結合醫學理論、具有文化適應性的結構化健康教育項目，並通過開展一項隨機對照試驗來檢測本項目對於改善新診2型糖尿病患者行為學、心理社會學及生理學等方面多項指標的效果。本課題分為三個階段，第一階段由兩個系統性綜述構成。其中第一個系統性綜述旨在通過匯總現有最優研究證據，探索糖尿病結構化健康教育對2型糖尿病患者的行為學、心理社會學及生理學等指標的影響。共有7個隨機對照試驗被納入到這一系統性綜述中。匯總分析結果顯示糖尿病結構化健康教育可以有效改善2型糖尿病患者的糖化血紅蛋白控制，並可提高其糖尿病相關知識、自我效能及自我管理水準。本系統性綜述同時也顯示，結構化健康教育可以降低2型糖尿病患者的血壓收縮壓水準，特別是對於收縮壓水準超出正常參考值（收縮壓≥30mmHg）的2型糖尿病患者；但是對於舒張壓沒有明顯的改善功效。關於糖尿病結構化健康教育對於2型糖尿病患者空腹血糖、體重、抑鬱水準以及生活質量的效果尚不能得出定論，因為這些指標僅在少數糖尿病結構化健康教育項目中被納入測量。另外一個系統性綜述旨在通過匯總現有最佳研究證據，探索以中醫為基礎的生活方式干預措施對於改善2型糖尿病患者行為學、心理社會學及生理學等方面多項指標的效果。這一系統性綜述共納入24篇實驗性研究。薈萃分析結果顯示，每週進行至少150分鐘的太極拳鍛煉，有助於2型糖尿病患者改善糖化血紅蛋白及空腹血糖控制、降低體質指數、並且提高其生活質量。薈萃分析結果還顯示，進行規律的八段錦鍛煉，有助於2型糖尿病患者改善糖化血紅蛋白及空腹血糖控制、降低體質指數，並且緩解抑鬱症狀。相比于太極拳，八段錦是一種更為柔和、強度較低的運動，同時又具有顯著的改善血糖控制的效果，因此，在本課題第三階段的隨機對照試驗中，將八段錦鍛煉納入了糖尿病結構化健康教育之中。為了滿足本課題第三階段探索NIHaW項目對於研究對象糖尿病知識水準的影響的需求，在第二階段中，研究者採用通用的量表譯製方法，將英文版的密西根糖尿病知識問卷翻譯為中文，並通過開展了一項橫斷面研究來檢測中文版密西根糖尿病知識問卷在2型糖尿病人群中使用的信度和效度。研究結果顯示，中文版密西根糖尿病知識問卷具有良好的內部一致性信度（糖尿病一般知識分量表及胰島素相關知識分量表的KR20係數分別為0.70和0.66）。方差分析和t檢驗結果分別顯示：教育程度高的研究對象的糖尿病知識得分顯著高於受教育程度低者；既往接受過糖尿病健康教育的研究對象的糖尿病知識得分顯著高於未接受過糖尿病健康教育者；此外，Pearson相關性分析結果顯示：研究對象的糖尿病知識水準與其自我效能水準呈正相關。這些分析結果提示中文版密西根糖尿病知識問卷具有良好的結構效度。因此，在第三階段研究中該中文版問卷被用來測量研究對象的糖尿病知識水準。在綜合最新糖尿病詢證治療指南及文獻回顧基礎上，以及健康信念模式和自我效能理論指導下，研究者發展了一個以護士主導、基於結合醫學理論、具有文化適應性的結構化健康教育項目（稱為NIHaW健康項目），並通過隨機對照試驗驗證了NIHaW健康項目在改善新診2型糖尿病患者行為學、心理社會學及生理學等多項指標方面的效果。採用方便抽樣法招募到128例新診2型糖尿病患者（病程6個月之內）。通過簡單隨機分組法，將128例研究對象隨機分配到實驗組和對照組，每組64例。對照組研究對象接受常規的糖尿病管理，實驗組研究對象在接受常規糖尿病管理的基礎上，參與NIHaW健康項目。本項目包含8個健康教育環節，每個環節時常1小時，每週開展兩個環節。健康教育的內容涉及糖尿病基礎知識、健康飲食、合理運動、血糖及併發症監測、用藥管理、危險因素的識別和規避、積極的心理調適等方面。在干預前（T0），干預結束後即刻（T1）及干預結束3個月後（T2）分別收集研究對象的一般資料及行為學、心理社會學指標；生理學指標僅在在干預前（T0）和干預結束3個月後（T2）收集。採用廣義估計模型（GEE）分析兩組研究對象各項指標的改變是否存在統計學差異。GEE分析結果顯示，在干預結束後即刻，實驗組研究對象在以下方面明顯優於對照組研究對象：糖尿病特殊飲食自我管理、足部自我護理、用藥管理、糖尿病知識水準、自我效能及抑鬱症狀。研究結果還顯示，在干預結束三個月後，實驗組研究對象在以下方面明顯優於對照組研究對象：糖尿病特殊飲食自我管理、血糖自我監測、足部自我護理、用藥管理、糖尿病知識水準、自我效能、生活質量、抑鬱症狀、糖化血紅蛋白及血壓水準。本研究驗證了NIHaW健康項目在新診2型糖尿病患者中開展的有效性。為在該人群中開展結構化健康教育提供了理論依據。Yu, Xingfeng.Parallel title from appendixThesis Ph.D. Chinese University of Hong Kong 2018.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 313-373).Abstracts also in Chinese; some appendixes in Chinese.Title from PDF title page (viewed on …).Yu, Xingfeng
Shelf-life Extension of Leafy Vegetables: Evaluating the Impacts
No full textCrop Production/Industries,
Lun huan Zhu Jiang kou shi qian yu qi gong yi ji shu
No full text自清代吳大澂《古玉圖考》以來，中國玉器研究便與社會、禮制等相關聯，隨著20世紀下半葉良渚文化、紅山文化、興隆窪文化等遺址史前精美玉器的發現，玉器研究也逐漸從傳統金石學轉向考古學研究的方向，集中於聚落或墓葬研究。源於石器研究領域的操作鏈方法為玉器技術研究提供了新的方向和視角。它注重動態性、持續性和完整性，將靜態遺存轉變為動態過程，還原某一特定的生產流程，通過比較不同群體的技術系統還原其背後社會、認知層面的異同。操作鏈方法應用於玉器研究主要可以從聚落和作坊遺址兩個角度展開，本文以後者為重，選取環珠江口地區的白芒遺址個案分析，將操作鏈概念應用於玉石飾物作坊研究中，並進而尋找環珠江口地區不同遺址之間存在的生產消費關係，以及環珠江口地區作坊遺址所代表的技術與文化特徵。Since Wu Da-zheng’s Catalogue of Ancient Jades (Gu yu tu kao) in the Qing Period, research of Chinese jades has largely focused on analyses of their social and ritual significances. In latter half of the 20th century, excavations in Liangzhu, Hongshan, and Xinglongwa culture sites discovered many prehistoric jades. These important discoveries gradually shifted ancient jade studies to an archaeological approach, focusing on the settlement and burial contexts of the jades.The use of the Chaîne Opératoire (French for "operational sequence") method in lithic studies has provided us a new research perspective and direction in the study of jades. This method pays attention to the full life history of the jades, from production to consumption and abandonment, which is treated as a dynamic and continuous process. Furthermore, it allows us to analyze the social and cognitive dimensions of the jade users through comparisons of the jades’ production technologies and use wear.This paper applies the chaîne opératoire method to study jades by analyzing related settlements and lapidary workshops, especially the latter. Using the lapidary workshop at Pak Mong site on Lantau Island as the main case study, this study will examine the production and consumption of the Pearl River Delta region, and discuss the technological and cultural characteristics that these lapidary workshops represent.Detailed summary in vernacular field only.Detailed summary in vernacular field only.Detailed summary in vernacular field only.温雅棣.Thesis (M.Phil.) Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2014.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 77-88).Abstracts in English and Chinese.Wen ya di
- …
