473 research outputs found
Sådan går vi fra arkitektens mavefornemmelse til videnskabelig evidens
No full textDet ligger i arkitektens natur at gå undersøgende til værks. Men uden en omfattende forståelse af de vidtrækkende implikationer af deres design risikerer arkitekter at bidrage til nedsat mentalt velvære. Det er afgørende for fremtiden at anerkende manglen på evidens for at arkitekter kan skabe rum, der bevarer planeten og fremmer mental helbred, skriver Zakaria Djebbara og Anders Barslund i dette debatindlæg
Sådan går vi fra arkitektens mavefornemmelse til videnskabelig evidens
No full textDet ligger i arkitektens natur at gå undersøgende til værks. Men uden en omfattende forståelse af de vidtrækkende implikationer af deres design risikerer arkitekter at bidrage til nedsat mentalt velvære. Det er afgørende for fremtiden at anerkende manglen på evidens for at arkitekter kan skabe rum, der bevarer planeten og fremmer mental helbred, skriver Zakaria Djebbara og Anders Barslund i dette debatindlæg
Designing Atmospheres: Theory and Science
No full textThis book was born as the legacy of the “Designing Atmospheres: Theory and Science” Symposium, an Interfaces event of the Academy of Neuroscience for Architecture (ANFA), sponsored by the EU’s Horizon 2020 MSCA Program — RESONANCES Project, the Perkins Eastman Studio, and the Architecture Department at Kansas State University. The event was hosted in the College of Architecture, Planning and Design (APDesign), Kansas State University (K-State), Manhattan, KS, on March 28, 2023. Recent advances in science confirm many of the architects’ deep-rooted intuitions, improving knowledge about the perception of space and the meaning of architectural and urban design. This volume collects four essays: “Investigating Atmosphere in Architecture: An Overview of Phenomenological and Neuroscientific Methods” by Elisabetta Canepa; “Rhythms of the Brain, Body, and Environment: A Neuroscientific Perspective on Atmospheres” by Zakaria Djebbara; “A History of Tool-Atmospheres” by Kory Beighle; and “Atmospheric Histrionics” by Harry Francis Mallgrave. Bob Condia provided a critical introduction entitled “The Design of Atmospheres.”The RESONANCES project (Architectural Atmospheres: The Emotional Impact of Ambiances Measured through Conscious, Bodily, and Neural Responses) received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 101025132. The content of this book reflects only the authors' view. The European Research Executive Agency is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains. For further information, please visit the project website: www.resonances-project.co
First Impressions: Conscious and Nonconscious Responses to Atmospheric Primes in Architectural Space
No full textWe studied atmosphere as a priming condition for our spatial experiences. The priming potential of atmospheres is a deep-rooted intuition among designers, and we wished to consolidate evidence through a physiological signal-based experiment. Our ANFA presentation illustrated the general theoretical framework, the tested protocol, and the gathered results. This experimental paradigm proposed a strategy to study, locate, and measure atmospheres, namely the dimension of the ineffable par excellence for our architectural experiences
Architectural atmospheres, priming effects and first impressions:a multi-perspective approach integrating self-report assessments and physiological responses
No full textThis paper studies the priming effects of architectural atmospheres on our first impressions of space. We applied a multi-perspective approach combining first-person-perspective insights (self-report assessments) with third-person-perspective measures (physiological responses) to four corridor iterations connecting an empty room to a contemplative space. The starting and ending rooms remained unchanged, whereas the corridor’s light varied: dark, blue, amber and bright. Participants (n = 81) walked through virtual-reality environments wearing sensors collecting blood volume pulse and skin conductance data. Our investigation was whether and, if so, how the corridor’s atmosphere primed and altered participants’ impressions of the subsequent room, even if identical. Results revealed stronger skin conductance responses while moving through darker corridors, which correlated with altered perceptions of the ending room at conscious and nonconscious levels. Generalized linear model analysis showed that, with increasing age, participants were more likely to report altered perceptions.This paper studies the priming effects of architectural atmospheres on our first impressions of space. We applied a multi-perspective approach combining first-person-perspective insights (self-report assessments) with third-person-perspective measures (physiological responses) to four corridor iterations connecting an empty room to a contemplative space. The starting and ending rooms remained unchanged, whereas the corridor’s light varied: dark, blue, amber and bright. Participants (n = 81) walked through virtual-reality environments wearing sensors collecting blood volume pulse and skin conductance data. Our investigation was whether and, if so, how the corridor’s atmosphere primed and altered participants’ impressions of the subsequent room, even if identical. Results revealed stronger skin conductance responses while moving through darker corridors, which correlated with altered perceptions of the ending room at conscious and nonconscious levels. Generalized linear model analysis showed that, with increasing age, participants were more likely to report altered perceptions.<br/
What Gestures (Can We) Afford?:On the Resourcefulness of Tectonics in Architecture and Engineering
No full textDescribing an ecological correspondence between animal and environment, the notion affordances stemming from the field of perception psychology marks a critical direction for addressing the increasing overconsumption of the built environment. The present chapter explores this direction by introducing gesture as a key concept in mobilizing the theory of affordances within the integrated field of architecture and engineering. Using tectonic theory to link the spatial capacities of construction to human body language, and hereby to perception and behavior, it is argued that gesture opens a potential toward clarifying the field of action of the architect-engineer related to that of improving the affordances of the built environment. In asking what gestures (can we) afford, the chapter situates this potential as a critical method in navigating a resourceful and ethical correspondence between that which we intend our constructions to afford and for whom, and the technical realities of how our constructions afford and with what resources
Designing Atmospheres: Theory and Science
Full text linkThis book was born as the legacy of the “Designing Atmospheres: Theory and Science” Symposium, an Interfaces event of the Academy of Neuroscience for Architecture (ANFA), sponsored by the EU’s Horizon 2020 MSCA Program — RESONANCES Project, the Perkins Eastman Studio, and the Architecture Department at Kansas State University. The event was hosted in the College of Architecture, Planning and Design (APDesign), Kansas State University (K-State), Manhattan, KS, on March 28, 2023. Recent advances in science confirm many of the architects’ deep-rooted intuitions, improving knowledge about the perception of space and the meaning of architectural and urban design. This volume collects four essays: “Investigating Atmosphere in Architecture: An Overview of Phenomenological and Neuroscientific Methods” by Elisabetta Canepa; “Rhythms of the Brain, Body, and Environment: A Neuroscientific Perspective on Atmospheres” by Zakaria Djebbara; “A History of Tool-Atmospheres” by Kory Beighle; and “Atmospheric Histrionics” by Harry Francis Mallgrave. Bob Condia provided a critical introduction entitled “The Design of Atmospheres.”https://newprairiepress.org/ebooks/1050/thumbnail.jp
Motion and Emotion: Understanding Urban Architecture through Diverse Multisensorial Engagements
No full textUnderstanding how (dis)abled human bodies interact with the built environment is critical in Urban Design. We examine if somaesthetic theory combined with a neuro-architectural framework can help advance our understanding of human bodily interaction with the built environment. We do so first from a theoretical point of view, and second with an analysis of the situated context: Budolfi Square in Aalborg, Denmark. Our take-home-message is that architects and urban designers need to move beyond the established understanding of the multi-sensory soma, into an understanding of a situated mobile-emotional soma
A walk in the park:Affordances as urban design tool for creating inhabitable cities
No full textIn this chapter, we explore the proposition that affordance is an important urban design tool that can help create inhabitable cities for people. The creation of inhabitable cities for people is a core ambition in urban design, resonating the aim of the discipline to formulate responses to situated urban problems by means of spatial strategies and architectural design. From the 1950s, urban design grew as a discipline from an apprehension of the importance of the public realm of cities, the human scale, and the thriving of the collective urban population. Following this core ambition of the urban design profession, urban designers have sought to develop methods and tools for the creation of such cities. These tools must provide alternatives to a city-making method based on the form or function of objectified buildings and spaces, or on structural patterns, and instead foreground the city as an environment for inhabitation. The chapter explores the notion of 'affordance' as a tool for making such inhabitable cities
A Neurophenomenology for Architecture:an embodied and enactive inference approach
No full textThe dynamic coupling within the brain, body, and environment has recently gained traction (1–3), making neuroscience attractive to architects (4). The aim is to draw parallels between the nature of human experience and computational neuroscience to guide future studies. As our perception is enacted by the sensory and motor system, each action changes the perceived environment in line with our expectations. Our expectations are bound by our afforded actions, shaped by architectural affordances. Since affordances depend on the fit between the body and capacities for movement, our understanding of architecture relies on sensorimotor processes. Computational neuroscience proposes an auspicious Bayesian framework of cognition that provides a meaningful explanation of neuronal activity by way of ‘active inference’. Both active inference and enactivism centralize action-perception as a unified process reflected in sensorimotor dynamics for accessing the world (5). This demonstrates how the environment emerges in the dynamics as a loop rather than as an end-product (6,7). Essentially, the dynamics are transition-patterns that accentuate the action in the genesis of experience, revealing that architecture enters the loop of cognition by designing actions. Integrating sensorimotor activity with active inference yields a computational model of architectural affordances that in turn reflects human experience (8,9). The outcome is an attempt to go beyond traditional architectural methods by synthesizing phenomenological arguments with a prominent theory of brain activity. To this end, a neurophenomenological account of the emergence of archi¬tectural experience is developed through an enactive inference, which in turn suggests how architecture impacts experience.1. Friston K. The free-energy principle: a unified brain theory? Nat Rev Neurosci. 2010 Feb 13;11(2):127–38. 2. Clark A. Whatever next? Predictive brains, situated agents, and the future of cognitive science. Behav Brain Sci. 2013;36(3):181–204. 3. Gallagher S. Enactivist interventions: rethinking the mind. 1st ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2017. 4. Jelić A, Tieri G, Matteis F De, Babiloni F, Vecchiato G. The Enactive Approach to Architectural Experience: A Neurophysiological Perspective on Embodiment, Motivation, and Affordances. Front Psychol. 2016;7:481. 5. O’Regan K, Noë A. A sensorimotor account of vision and visual consciousness. Behav Brain Sci. 2001;24(5):939–1031. 6. Van Gelder T. The dynamical hypothesis in cognitive science. Behav Brain Sci. 1998 Oct 1;21(5):615–28. 7. Varela F, Lachaux J-P, Rodriguez E, Martinerie J. The brainweb: Phase synchronization and large-scale integration. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2001 Apr;2(4):229–39. 8. Djebbara Z, Fich LB, Petrini L, Gramann K. Sensorimotor brain dynamics reflect architectural affordances. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 Jul 16;116(29):14769–78. 9. Djebbara Z, Fich LB, Gramann K. The brain dynamics of architectural affordances during transition. Sci Rep [Internet]. 2021;11(1):2796. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82504-wThe dynamic coupling within the brain, body, and environment hasrecently gained traction, making neuroscience attractive to architects.The aim was to draw parallels between the nature of human experienceand computational neuroscience to guide future studies. As our perception is enacted by the sensory and motor system, each actionchanges the perceived environment in line with our expectations. Ourexpectations are bound by our afforded actions, shaped by architectural affordances. Since affordances depend on the fit between thebody and capacities for movement, our understanding of architecturerelies on sensorimotor processes. Computational neuroscience proposes an auspicious Bayesian framework of cognition that provides ameaningful explanation of neuronal activity by way of ‘active inference’. Both active inference and enactivism centralize actionperception as a unified process reflected in sensorimotor dynamics foraccessing the world. This demonstrates how the environment emergesin the dynamics as a loop rather than as an end-product. Essentially,the dynamics are transition patterns that accentuate the action in thegenesis of experience, revealing that architecture enters the loop ofcognition by designing actions. Integrating sensorimotor activity withactive inference yields a computational model of architectural affordances that in turn reflects human experience. The outcome is anattempt to go beyond traditional architectural methods by synthesizingphenomenological arguments with a prominent theory of brain activity. To this end, a neurophenomenological account of the emergence ofarchitectural experience is developed through an enactive inference,which in turn suggests how architecture impacts experience
- …
