1,757,387 research outputs found
Hypotrachyna nagalandica Divakar, A. Crespo, Sipman, Elix, comb. nov.
No full textHypotrachyna nagalandica (K. Singh & Sinha) Divakar, A. Crespo, Sipman, Elix & Lumbsch, comb. nov. MycoBank No.: MB 803590 Parmelina nagalandica K. Singh & Sinha (1993: 464); Parmelinopsis nagalandica (K. Singh & Sinha) Divakar & Upreti (2005: 288).Published as part of Divakar, Pradeep K., Crespo, Ana, Núñez-Zapata, Jano, Flakus, Adam, Sipman, Harrie J. M., Elix, John A. & Lumbsch, H. Thorsten, 2013, A molecular perspective on generic concepts in the Hypotrachyna clade (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota), pp. 21-38 in Phytotaxa 132 (1) on page 34, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.132.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/508604
Verification of Liveness Properties in Distributed Systems
No full textThis paper presents liveness properties that need to be preserved by Event-B models of distributed systems. Event-B is a formal technique for development of models of distributed systems related via refinement. In this paper we outline how enabledness preservation and non-divergence are related to the liveness properties of the B models of the distributed systems. We address the liveness issues related to our model of distributed transactions and outline the construction of proof obligations that need to be discharged to ensure liveness
Hypotrachyna neodamaziana Divakar, A. Crespo, Sipman, Elix, comb. nov.
No full textHypotrachyna neodamaziana (Elix & J. Johnst.) Divakar, A. Crespo, Sipman, Elix & Lumbsch, comb. nov. MycoBank No.: MB 803591 Parmelina neodamaziana Elix & Johnston (1986: 155); Parmelinopsis neodamaziana (Elix & J. Johnst.) Elix & Hale (1987: 243).Published as part of Divakar, Pradeep K., Crespo, Ana, Núñez-Zapata, Jano, Flakus, Adam, Sipman, Harrie J. M., Elix, John A. & Lumbsch, H. Thorsten, 2013, A molecular perspective on generic concepts in the Hypotrachyna clade (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota), pp. 21-38 in Phytotaxa 132 (1) on page 34, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.132.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/508604
Hypotrachyna jamesii Divakar, A. Crespo, Sipman, Elix, comb. nov.
No full textHypotrachyna jamesii (Hale) Divakar, A. Crespo, Sipman, Elix & Lumbsch, comb. nov. MycoBank No.: MB 803587 Parmelia jamesii Hale (1972: 179); Parmelina jamesii (Hale) Hale (1976: 35); Parmelinopsis jamesii (Hale) Elix & Hale (1987: 242). Hypotrachyna megadactyla (Aptroot) Divakar, A. Crespo, Sipman, Elix & Lumbsch, comb. nov. MycoBank No.: MB 803588 Parmelinopsis megadactyla Aptroot (1991: 242). Hypotrachyna microlobulata (D.D. Awasthi) Divakar, A. Crespo, Sipman, Elix & Lumbsch, comb. nov. MycoBank No.: MB 803589 Parmelia microlobulata Awasthi (1976: 182); Parmelinopsis microlobulata (D.D. Awasthi) Elix & Hale (1987: 242).Published as part of Divakar, Pradeep K., Crespo, Ana, Núñez-Zapata, Jano, Flakus, Adam, Sipman, Harrie J. M., Elix, John A. & Lumbsch, H. Thorsten, 2013, A molecular perspective on generic concepts in the Hypotrachyna clade (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota), pp. 21-38 in Phytotaxa 132 (1) on pages 33-34, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.132.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/508604
Hypotrachyna heteroloba Divakar, A. Crespo, Sipman, Elix, comb. nov.
No full textHypotrachyna heteroloba (Zahlbr.) Divakar, A. Crespo, Sipman, Elix & Lumbsch, comb. nov. MycoBank No.: MB 803586 Parmelia heteroloba Zahlbruckner (1909: 171); Parmelina heteroloba (Vain.) Hale (1974a: 482); Parmelinopsis heteroloba (Vain.) Elix & Hale (1987: 242).Published as part of Divakar, Pradeep K., Crespo, Ana, Núñez-Zapata, Jano, Flakus, Adam, Sipman, Harrie J. M., Elix, John A. & Lumbsch, H. Thorsten, 2013, A molecular perspective on generic concepts in the Hypotrachyna clade (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota), pp. 21-38 in Phytotaxa 132 (1) on page 33, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.132.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/508604
Hypotrachyna expallida Divakar, A. Crespo, Sipman, Elix, comb. nov.
No full textHypotrachyna expallida (Kurok.) Divakar, A. Crespo, Sipman, Elix & Lumbsch, comb. nov. MycoBank No.: MB 803585 Parmelia expallida Kurokawa (1968: 191); Parmelina expallida (Kurok.) Hale (1974a: 482); Parmelinopsis expallida (Kurok.) Elix & Hale (1987: 242).Published as part of Divakar, Pradeep K., Crespo, Ana, Núñez-Zapata, Jano, Flakus, Adam, Sipman, Harrie J. M., Elix, John A. & Lumbsch, H. Thorsten, 2013, A molecular perspective on generic concepts in the Hypotrachyna clade (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota), pp. 21-38 in Phytotaxa 132 (1) on page 33, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.132.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/508604
Hypotrachyna neoprotocetrarica Divakar, A. Crespo, Sipman, Elix, nom. nov.
No full textHypotrachyna neoprotocetrarica Divakar, A. Crespo, Sipman, Elix & Lumbsch, nom. nov. MycoBank No.: MB 803592 Parmelinopsis protocetrarica Elix (1993a: 119); non Hypotrachyna protocetrarica Elix, T.H. Nash & Sipman in Sipman et al. (2009: 127). Hypotrachyna schindleri (Hale) Divakar, A. Crespo, Sipman, Elix & Lumbsch, comb. nov. MycoBank No.: MB 803593 Parmelina schindleri Hale (1976: 44); Parmelinopsis schindleri (Hale) Elix & Hale (1987: 243).Published as part of Divakar, Pradeep K., Crespo, Ana, Núñez-Zapata, Jano, Flakus, Adam, Sipman, Harrie J. M., Elix, John A. & Lumbsch, H. Thorsten, 2013, A molecular perspective on generic concepts in the Hypotrachyna clade (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota), pp. 21-38 in Phytotaxa 132 (1) on page 34, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.132.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/508604
Hypotrachyna cleefii Divakar, A. Crespo, Sipman, Elix, comb. nov.
No full text<i>Hypotrachyna cleefii</i> (Sipman) Divakar, A. Crespo, Sipman, Elix & Lumbsch, <i>comb. nov.</i> MycoBank No.: <p>MB 803583</p> <p> <i>Parmelina cleefii</i> Sipman (1980: 352); <i>Parmelinopsis cleefii</i> (Sipman) V. Marcano & Sipman in Marcano <i>et al</i>. (1996: 214).</p> <p> <i>Hypotrachyna ectypa</i> (Brusse) Divakar, A. Crespo, Sipman, Elix & Lumbsch, <i>comb. nov.</i> MycoBank No.: MB 803584</p> <p> <i>Parmelia ectypa</i> Brusse (1991: 164); <i>Parmelinopsis ectypa</i> (Brusse) DePriest & Hale (1998: 203).</p>Published as part of <i>Divakar, Pradeep K., Crespo, Ana, Núñez-Zapata, Jano, Flakus, Adam, Sipman, Harrie J. M., Elix, John A. & Lumbsch, H. Thorsten, 2013, A molecular perspective on generic concepts in the Hypotrachyna clade (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota), pp. 21-38 in Phytotaxa 132 (1)</i> on page 33, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.132.1.2, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5086040">http://zenodo.org/record/5086040</a>
Using a temporal phylogenetic method to harmonize family- and genus-level classification in the largest clade of lichen-forming fungi
No full textAlthough classification at supra-specific ranks is inherently arbitrary, comparable taxonomic ranks within clades can facilitate more consistent classifications and objective comparisons among taxa. Different circumscriptions of the hyper-diverse lichen-forming fungal family Parmeliaceae and widely different generic circumscriptions among authors have been proposed. For this study, we use a recently developed temporal approach that uses time-calibrated chronograms to identify temporal bands for specific ranks in Parmeliaceae and allied groups with the overarching goal of establishing a consistent, stable classification. A data set of 330 species, representing 73 genera in the family and 52 species of related families was used to address the circumscription of Parmeliaceae and its genera following the proposed temporal approach. Based on the results of this study, we propose a revised, temporal-based classification for Parmeliaceae, including all clades that share a common ancestor 102.13-112.88 Ma for families and a time window of 29.45-32.55 Ma for genera. Forty-five of the currently accepted genera in Parmeliaceae were supported in their current circumscription. Two subfamilies are accepted within Parmeliaceae: Protoparmelioideae Divakar et al. subfam. nov., including Protoparmelia and the resurrected genus Maronina, and Parmelioideae, including the bulk of genera in the family. The new genus Austromelanelixia Divakar et al. is proposed to accommodate a clade of southern Hemisphere species previously included in Melanelixia. Eumitria and tentatively Dolichousnea are resurrected as genera separate from Usnea. The following genera are reduced to synonymy: Allocetraria, Cetrariella, Usnocetraria, and Vulpicida with Cetraria; Arctocetraria, Cetreliopsis, Flavocetraria, Kaernefeltia, Masonhalea, Tuckermanella, and Tuckermannopsis with Nephromopsis; and the lichenicolous genera Nesolechia and Raesaenenia with the lichen-forming genera Punctelia and Protousnea, respectively. A total of 47 new combinations and three new names at the species level are proposed
Overview of Xanthoparmelia taxa from South Korea including the description of two new species (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota)
No full textJayalal, Udeni, Divakar, Pradeep K., Joshi, Santosh, Oh, Soon Ok, Hur, Jae-Seoun (2014): Overview of Xanthoparmelia taxa from South Korea including the description of two new species (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota). Phytotaxa 181 (2): 96-109, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.181.2.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.181.2.
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