1,721,093 research outputs found
Cause, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and treatment of meniere's disease and endolymphatic hydrops
No full textMeniere's disease (MD) is characterized by the triad of fluctuating hearing loss, episodic vertigo and tinnitus, and by endolymphatic hydrops found on postmortem examinations. Since the description of endolymphatic hydrops by Hallpike and Cairns all the physiopathology of Meniere's symptoms have been based on assumption that the pathologic lesion was the cause of the symptoms. Paparella came out term and concept towards understanding of a disease was, "pathogenesis," which applies to all otological diseases, in general and in particular within this context of MD, which allows us to better understand this disease. After Schuknecht proposed the theory of membranous rupture causing the mixing up of endo and perilymph leading to the appearance of Meniere's symptoms. Lawrence proved this theory with research on experimental animals. In 1995 the AAO-HNS criteria defines "Possible MD, Probable MD, Definite MD and Certain MD. In 1995 the Committee of Barany Society proposed a classification that is similar to the AAO-HNS criteria, it includes only two categories: definite MD and probable MD. A variety of medical and surgical treatments have been developed to treat or control the symptoms. The treatment can be divided into non-destructive and destructive procedures
Vertigo in childhood: A methodological approach
No full textChildren complaints dizziness merit meticulous evaluation to differentially diagnose a vestibular disease. A syndrome mimicking certain classic signs and symptoms of adult vestibular disorders may be presents in children, such as benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, usually associated with aging. Benign paroxysmal vertigo, in which migraine is a manifestation, with sudden onset of dizziness is a rare peripheral vestibular disorder that is commonly ignored or misdiagnosed. This review covers the development of the diagnosis, evaluation and treatment approaches of vertigo of childhood, a valid support for physician that approach dizzy children
Sensorineural hearing loss: Pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment
No full textHearing loss is one the commonest disabling diseases affecting populations of all ages worldwide. The impairment of hearing may be the cause of impaired language development in children, the cause of scholarly issues in adolescents, the cause of worsening of quality of life in the adults, and the cause of isolation of aged people. In this book, the authors present the hearing loss in all its facets, starting from the basis of pathophysiology and anatomy, passing through the clinical and instrumental diagnosis and, finally, describing the most important diseases causing hearing loss with reasonable treatment options. A section was dedicated to the imaging of the ear with about 100 original figures. The readers will find a complete classification of genetic hearing loss and all information related to congenital deafness as well. A wide section was reserved to the description and discussion of the most important pathology leading to hearing loss (Meniere's disease, otosclerosis, trauma and occupational hearing impairment, etc.). The treatment of hearing loss is continuously evolving with the progress of technology, and the authors gave a wide space to describe all treatment options available for the patients, providing all information useful to manage hearing disease correctly. (Imprint: Nova Medicine and Health)
Imaging of cervical lymph node metastases in malignant jugular paraganglioma: Imaging of paraganglioma metastases
No full textNot availabl
Imaging of vestibular schwannoma with prevalent cystic component: Cystic vestibular schwannoma
No full textNot availabl
Understanding benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: the management of lateral canal involvement
No full textBenign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) represents
the most common cause of peripheral vertigo. The treatment of this apparently intractable disease
is actually a physical treatment: performing manoeuvres
on the patient to restore the normal
condition of the inner ear. However, the following information
will help readers who are unfamiliar with BPPV
to improve their knowledge of the condition
Advanced otosclerosis
No full textOtosclerosis is characterized by a continuous and aberrant process of osteolysis and osteogenesis of the endochondral bone of the otic capsule, most commonly involving the fissula ante fenestram (fenestral otosclerosis) and resulting in a conductive hearing loss. As it undergoes a maturation process, the sclerotic bone may invade deeper into the labyrinth, resulting in retrofenestral otosclerosis and gradually leading to severe mixed hearing loss and then to profound sensorineural hearing loss. This cochlear involvement of otosclerosis audiologically reflects as advanced otosclerosis (AO) and can be defined by audiometric and radiological criteria. Treatment for AO has evolved over the past 20 years with the improvement in hearing aid devices and the availability of cochlear impants (CI) as an alternative surgical option. Most authors suggest treating AO with stapes surgery and postoperative amplification by hearing aids. Cochlear implants have become available in the last 20 years and, since their introduction, many otosclerotic patients have undergone implantation with good hearing and communicative outcomes. Cochlear Implantation in otosclerosis poses some surgical problems, mainly related to cochlear obliteration and facial nerve stimulation. For cases of unsuccessful stapedotomy, the results obtained by a salvage CI are as good as those of CI when no prior stapedectomy was performed
Pleomorphic adenoma of the nasal septum: A rare case report of a 14 year-old patient
No full textPleomorphic adenoma is the most common benign tumor of the salivary glands. It arises mainly from the parotid, less frequently from the minor salivary glands of the oral cavity and, exceptionally, from the accessory glands widespread in the upper aero-digestive tract. Intranasal localization is rare and mainly affects the glands sited in the nasal septal mucosa. There are isolated case reports in literature regarding adult patients. We report a rare case of a young 14-year-old girl with pleomorphic adenoma arising from the nasal septum
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