296 research outputs found
Fig. 7. A in MAPKK2/4/5/7-MAPK3-JAZs modulate phenolic acid biosynthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza
No full textFig. 7. A proposed model for the roles of SmMAPK3 in S. miltiorrhiza phenolic acid biosynthesis. Model illustrating the roles of SmMAPK3 in S. miltiorrhiza phenolic acid biosynthesis.Published as part of Xie, Yongfeng, Ding, Meiling, Yin, Xuecui, Wang, Guanfeng, Zhang, Bin, Chen, Lingxiang, Ma, Pengda & Dong, Juane, 2022, MAPKK2/4/5/7-MAPK3-JAZs modulate phenolic acid biosynthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza, pp. 1-10 in Phytochemistry (113177) 199 on page 6, DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113177, http://zenodo.org/record/823567
Fig. 6 in MAPKK2/4/5/7-MAPK3-JAZs modulate phenolic acid biosynthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza
No full textFig. 6. Protein–protein interaction of SmMAPK3 with JA signaling members. Y2H (A) and LCI (B–C) assays to detect the interactions of SmMAPK3 with JAZs.Published as part of Xie, Yongfeng, Ding, Meiling, Yin, Xuecui, Wang, Guanfeng, Zhang, Bin, Chen, Lingxiang, Ma, Pengda & Dong, Juane, 2022, MAPKK2/4/5/7-MAPK3-JAZs modulate phenolic acid biosynthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza, pp. 1-10 in Phytochemistry (113177) 199 on page 5, DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113177, http://zenodo.org/record/823567
Fig. 3 in MAPKK2/4/5/7-MAPK3-JAZs modulate phenolic acid biosynthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza
No full textFig. 3. Tissue-specific expression analysis and elicitors-induced analysis of SmMAPK3 in S. miltiorrhiza. (A) Tissue-specific expression of SmMAPK3; the expression levels were normalized to values from roots. (B) SA-induced analysis of SmMAPK3. (C) MeJA-induced analysis of SmMAPK3.Published as part of Xie, Yongfeng, Ding, Meiling, Yin, Xuecui, Wang, Guanfeng, Zhang, Bin, Chen, Lingxiang, Ma, Pengda & Dong, Juane, 2022, MAPKK2/4/5/7-MAPK3-JAZs modulate phenolic acid biosynthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza, pp. 1-10 in Phytochemistry (113177) 199 on page 4, DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113177, http://zenodo.org/record/823567
Fig. 4 in MAPKK2/4/5/7-MAPK3-JAZs modulate phenolic acid biosynthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza
No full textFig. 4. Overexpression of SmMAPK3 affects phenolic acid biosynthesis and the expression of biosynthetic genes in S. miltiorrhiza. (A) Relative quantitative analysis of SmMAPK3 expression in the transgenic lines and controls. *** indicates significant differences between OM and the control (P <0.001, Student's t-test). (B) Analysis of phenolic acid production from OE. (C–J) Relative expression levels of genes involved in phenolic acid biosynthesis in the OE lines.Published as part of Xie, Yongfeng, Ding, Meiling, Yin, Xuecui, Wang, Guanfeng, Zhang, Bin, Chen, Lingxiang, Ma, Pengda & Dong, Juane, 2022, MAPKK2/4/5/7-MAPK3-JAZs modulate phenolic acid biosynthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza, pp. 1-10 in Phytochemistry (113177) 199 on page 5, DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113177, http://zenodo.org/record/823567
Influence of oxygen vacancy deep trap levels on the EPIR effect in La0.5Ca0.5MnO3 ceramics
No full textLa0.5Ca0.5MnO3 (LCMO) ceramic samples were synthesized by solid state reaction under different atmospheres. The transport properties were investigated under the 2-wire mode. Remarkable Electrical Pulse Induced Resistance switching (EPIR) was observed at room temperature for the samples prepared in air. However, the EP1R-effect decreases with increasing temperatures and almost disappears when temperature is more than 450 K. One finds a stronger nonlinearity of the I-V characteristic and an even larger EPIR-effect for the samples sintered in argon. Based on the analysis of the I-V characteristics and the comparison with a standard PN junction, we submit that oxygen vacancies which exist near the surface of LCMO as deep level traps, is one of the key elements for these remarkable EPER effects. (C)2015 Published by Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l
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Efficient Techniques for Electromagnetic Modeling in Multilayered Media
No full textThe Method of Moments (MoM) has been widely used for the full-wave electromagnetic analysis of planar multilayered media. However, the MoM is a computationally intensive process and requires considerable computer resources to perform the analysis. Thus, several efficient numerical techniques both in the spectral domain and spatial domain are investigated and further developed in this research. Two fitting procedures, i.e., the Rational Function Fitting Method (RFFM) and the Discrete Complex Image Method (DCIM), are investigated and developed in order to obtain closed-form spatial-domain Green's functions (GFs). Because the subtraction of the surface-wave pole contribution plays an important role for the accurate estimation of the spatial-domain GFs via DCIM, an efficient and accurate surface-wave pole location method is developed to find all the surface-wave poles for general multilayered media. The RFFM can be realized through either the Total Least Square Algorithm (TLSA) or the Vector Fitting (VECTFIT) method. Both the RFFM using VECTFIT and DCIM are detailed in step by step procedures. An efficient and low cost algorithm combining the advantages of DCIM and TLSA is also developed to evaluate the closed-form Green's functions for general multilayered media. A prototype version of the Full-Wave Layered-Interconnect Simulator (UA-FWLIS) was developed by analytically calculating the MoM reaction elements via Cauchy's residue theorem and the Complementary Incomplete Lipschitz-Hankel Integrals in stripline structures. After applying RFFM via VECTFIT to the G-functions, which are directly related to the spectral-domain GFs for microstrip structures, a procedure that is similar to the one used in the previously developed UA-FWLIS for stripline structures can be applied to calculate the MoM reaction elements analytically when the two reaction cells are close ( 0.10.1λ₀), a simple expression for the reaction element can be obtained in the spatial domain via the Mixed Potential Integral Equation (MPIE) by a summation of a few complex image terms for the evaluation of the vector and scalar GFs. An efficient hybrid spectral-spatial method is thus developed to extend UA-FWLIS to microstrip structures. The method is validated by several numerical examples
Advancements in Betulinic Acid-Loaded Nanoformulations for Enhanced Anti-Tumor Therapy
No full textKe Wang,1,2,* Jinlu Shang,3,* Chao Tao,1,2,* Mingquan Huang,4 Daiqing Wei,5 Liuxuan Yang,1 Jing Yang,1 Qingze Fan,1 Qian Ding,6 Meiling Zhou1 1Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital Sichuan University Jintang Hospital, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China; 4Sichuan Treatment Center for Gynaecologic and Breast Diseases (Breast Surgery), the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Orthopaedics, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Clinical Pharmacy, the Third Hospital of Mianyang, Sichuan Mental Health Center, Mianyang, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Meiling Zhou, Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, No. 25, Taiping Street, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, People’s Republic of China, Email [email protected] Qian Ding, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, the Third Hospital of Mianyang, Sichuan Mental Health Center, No. 190, East Section of Jiannan Road, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621000, People’s Republic of China, Email [email protected]: Betulinic acid (BA) is a natural compound obtained from plant extracts and is known for its diverse pharmacological effects, including anti-tumor, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and anti-atherosclerotic properties. Its potential in anti-tumor therapy has garnered considerable attention, particularly for the treatment of breast, lung, and liver cancers. However, the clinical utility of BA is greatly hindered by its poor water solubility, low bioavailability, and off-target toxicity. To address these issues, researchers have developed various BA-loaded nanoformulations, such as nanoparticles, liposomes, micelles, and nanofibers, aiming to improve its solubility and bioavailability, prolong plasma half-life, and enhance targeting ability, thereby augmenting its anti-cancer efficacy. In preparing this review, we conducted extensive searches in well-known databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect, using keywords like “betulinic acid”, “nanoparticles”, “drug delivery”, “tumor”, and “cancer”, covering the literature from 2014 to 2024. The review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in the application of BA-loaded nano-delivery systems for anti-tumor therapy and offers insights into their future development prospects. Keywords: betulinic acid, nanoformulations, anti-tumor, bioavailability, targetin
Phylogenetic relationships and estimation of divergence times among Sisoridae catfishes
No full textNineteen taxa representing 10 genera of Sisoridae were subjected to phylogenetic analyses of sequence data for the nuclear genes Plagl2 and ADNP and the mitochondrial gene cytochrome . The three data sets were analyzed separately and combined into a single data set to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships among Chinese sisorids. Both Chinese Sisoridae as a whole and the glyptosternoid taxa formed monophyletic groups. The genus is likely to be the earliest diverging extant genus among the Chinese Sisoridae. The four species included in the study formed a monophyletic group. was indicated to be earliest diverging glyptosternoid, followed by and . Our data supported the conclusion that and both formed a monophyletic group. On the basis of the fossil record and the results of a molecular dating analysis, we estimated that the Sisoridae diverged in the late Miocene about 12.2 Mya. The glyptosternoid clade was indicated to have diverged, also in the late Miocene, about 10.7 Mya, and the more specialized glyptosternoid genera, such as , originated in the Pleistocene (within 1.9 Mya). The speciation of glyptosternoid fishes is hypothesized to be closely related with the uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Nineteen taxa representing 10 genera of Sisoridae were subjected to phylogenetic analyses of sequence data for the nuclear genes Plagl2 and ADNP and the mitochondrial gene cytochrome . The three data sets were analyzed separately and combined into a single data set to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships among Chinese sisorids. Both Chinese Sisoridae as a whole and the glyptosternoid taxa formed monophyletic groups. The genus is likely to be the earliest diverging extant genus among the Chinese Sisoridae. The four species included in the study formed a monophyletic group. was indicated to be earliest diverging glyptosternoid, followed by and . Our data supported the conclusion that and both formed a monophyletic group. On the basis of the fossil record and the results of a molecular dating analysis, we estimated that the Sisoridae diverged in the late Miocene about 12.2 Mya. The glyptosternoid clade was indicated to have diverged, also in the late Miocene, about 10.7 Mya, and the more specialized glyptosternoid genera, such as , originated in the Pleistocene (within 1.9 Mya). The speciation of glyptosternoid fishes is hypothesized to be closely related with the uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Biological insights from multi-omics analysis strategies: Complex pleotropic effects associated with autophagy
No full textResearch strategies that combine molecular data from multiple levels of genome expression (i.e., multi-omics data), often referred to as a systems biology strategy, has been advocated as a route to discovering gene functions. In this study we conducted an evaluation of this strategy by combining lipidomics, metabolite mass-spectral imaging and transcriptomics data from leaves and roots in response to mutations in two AuTophaGy-related (ATG) genes of Arabidopsis. Autophagy is an essential cellular process that degrades and recycles macromolecules and organelles, and this process is blocked in the atg7 and atg9 mutants that were the focus of this study. Specifically, we quantified abundances of ~100 lipids and imaged the cellular locations of ~15 lipid molecular species and the relative abundance of ~26,000 transcripts from leaf and root tissues of WT, atg7 and atg9 mutant plants, grown either in normal (nitrogen-replete) and autophagy-inducing conditions (nitrogen-deficient). The multi-omics data enabled detailed molecular depiction of the effect of each mutation, and a comprehensive physiological model to explain the consequence of these genetic and environmental changes in autophagy is greatly facilitated by the a priori knowledge of the exact biochemical function of the ATG7 and ATG9 proteins.This article is published as Ding G, Mugume Y, Dueñas ME, Lee YJ, Liu M, Nettleton DS, Zhao X, Li L, Bassham DC and Nikolau BJ (2023) Biological insights from multi-omics analysis strategies: Complex pleotropic effects associated with autophagy. Front. Plant Sci. 14:1093358. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1093358. © 2023 Ding, Mugume, Dueñas, Lee, Liu, Nettleton, Zhao, Li, Bassham and Nikolau. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms
Re-Os dating of chalcopyrite from selected mineral deposits in the Kalatag district in the eastern Tianshan Orogen, China
No full textThe Kalatag Cu-Zn-Au district contains a number of economically important Cu deposits in eastern Tianshan in Xinjiang, NW China. Due to the lack of precise mineralization ages, the metallogenesis of this area has long been a matter of debate. In this study, chalcopyrite Re-Os isotope methods are used to date the South Meiling Cu-Zn and Hongshi Cu deposits in the eastern part of Kalatag area. The South Meiling Cu-Zn deposit is hosted in volcanic-sedimentary rocks of the Late Ordovician to Early Silurian Daliugou Formation. The deposit consists of two parts: a concordant massive sulfide ores and discordant vein-type ores located in the footwall strata. The principal ore minerals are pyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, minor tetrahedrite, galena and pyrrhotite. Gangue minerals include quartz, sericite and barite, and minor chlorite, plagioclase and carbonate minerals. The Hongshi Cu deposit represents a hydrothermal vein system hosted in the mafic volcanic rocks of Daliugou Formation. The orebodies are associated with quartz veins and controlled by subsidiary faults of the Kalatag fault. The ore-forming process can be divided into the early, middle and late stages and is characterized by quartz-pyrite, quartz-chalcopyrite-pyrite and quartz-carbonate-gypsum veins, respectively. Re-Os analyses of chalcopyrite from the South Meiling Cu-Zn deposit yield an isochron age of 434.2 +/- 3.9 Ma and initial Os-187/Os-188 ratio of 0.647 +/- 0.098 (MSWD = 0.59). Re-Os analyses of chalcopyrite from the Hongshi Cu deposit yield an isochron age of 431.8 +/- 2.7 Ma and initial Os-187/Os-188 ratio of -0.165 +/- 0.075 (MSWD = 0.77). Since chalcopyrite is the primary copper mineral, we interpret these isochron ages as the timing of Cu mineralization, based on field geology and petrographic evidence. These results suggest that the Re-Os ages presented here provide, for the first time, a direct constraint on an early Paleozoic Cu mineralization event of the eastern Tianshan Orogen. The high initial Os-187/Os-188 ratios (0.647 +/- 0.098) ratio of similar to 434 Ma chalcopyrite from the South Meiling deposit suggest that the metal was sourced from a two end-member mixing of crust and mantle materials. Moreover, we propose that the VMS mineral system and hydrothermal vein system of the Kalatag district were related to the south-dipping subduction of the Kalamaili oceanic plate during the Late Ordovician-Silurian. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.973 Project [2014CB440803]; National Nature Science Foundation of China [41572077, U1139301, 41202064, 41203037]; China Geological Survey Bureau [1212011140056, 12120114081701]SCI(E)[email protected]; [email protected]
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