22 research outputs found
Investigation and Screening Methods for Early Diagnosis of Patients with Gastrointestinal Disorders Due to Mushroom Consumption // Проучвания и скринингови методи за ранна диагностика на пациенти с гастроинтестинални разстройства вследствие на консумация на гъби
No full textWe analysed the intoxications with wild mushrooms among the population in the Northern Bulgarian Black Sea coast between 1991 and 2015. Two easily feasible methods for their diagnosis, such as Meixner’s test and ELISA, were approved for the first time in Bulgaria. By means of an inquiry investigation, the degree of awareness of the population about the wild mushrooms and their usage were studied. A total of 147 patients at a mean age of 52,54±15,27 with Amanita phalloides poisoning were registered. The overall mortality rate amounts to 17,00%. The results from these laboratory examinations for amatoxins in 21 patients suspected of this poisoning in 2021 were negative. In the course of the inquiry investigation of 200 individuals, 100 males and 100 females, residing in the Region of Varna, a series of essential peculiarities of the knowledge of the population about the wild mushrooms and the manners of the usage of these mushrooms in everyday practice were identified. Some differences not only between male and female respondents in single age groups but also between the subjects with secondary, elementary and higher education and between the inhabitants of the towns and villages were established. The degree of respondents’ awareness about the wild mushrooms was satisfactory. Their knowledge of mycotherapy was scanty.
Further education of the population aiming at avoiding the undesired poisonings with these mushrooms was necessary. The usage of the edible wild mushrooms was multifarious and corresponded to the manner of nutrition and lifestyle. The early diagnosis of this intoxication by using these easily feasible and reliable laboratory methods played an essential role in selecting the conservative treatment of the patients. They could be introduced into the toxicological practice in our country.Проведен е анализ на отравянията с диворастящи гъби сред населението в Северното Черноморие на България през периода между 1991 г. и 2015 г. За първи път в България са апробирани два лесно изпълними методи за тяхната диагностика - тест на Meixner и ELISA. С помощта на анкетно изследване са проучени степента на информираност на населението за диворастящите гъби и употребата им. Регистрирани са общо 147 болни на средна възраст от 52,54±15,27 г. с отравяне с Amanita phalloides. Общата смъртност възлиза на 17,00%. Резултатите от тези лабораторни изследвания за аматоксини при 21 болни със съмнение за това отравяне през 2021 г. са отрицателни. При анкетирането на 200 души, 100 мъже и 100 жени, живеещи в Област Варна, се идентифицират редица съществени особености на познанията на населението за диворастящите гъби и за начините на употреба на тези гъби в ежедневната практика. Установяват се някои различия както между анкетираните мъже и жени в отделните възрастови групи, така и между лицата със средно, основно и висше образование и между жителите на градовете и селата. Степента на информираност за диворастящите гъби на анкетираните лица е задоволителна. Знанията им за микотерапията са оскъдни. Необходимо е по-нататъшно обучение на населението с цел предотвратяването на нежеланите отравяния с тези гъби. Употребата на ядливите диворастящи гъби е разнообразна и отговаря на начина на хранене и живот. Ранното диагностициране на тази интоксикация с тези лесно изпълними и надеждни лабораторни методи играе важна роля при избора на консервативно лечение на болните и те може да се въведат в токсикологичната практика у нас
WILD EDIBLE MUSHROOM USAGE BY THE URBAN AND RURAL POPULATION IN DIFFERENT REGIONS OF THE WORLD, COMPARED TO THE REGION OF VARNA-BULGARIA
Get PDFPurpose: Wild edible mushrooms are used worldwide and in Bulgaria as well. This inquiry investigation aimed at evaluating some mushroom usage practices by inhabitants in towns and villages in the Region of Varna, Bulgaria.
Material/Methods: We carried out a study of 200 adult individuals, 100 males and 100 females, on the territory of the Region of Varna using anonymous inquiry with a set of 12 concrete items about wild edible mushroom usage. Statistical data processing was performed using descriptive and correlation analysis.
Results: There was a domination of the negative attitude towards the wild edible mushrooms among the respondents from the towns, the villages and all the respondents as a whole on the territory of the Region of Varna. The inhabitants in the villages used more commonly cooking than those in the towns, and the inhabitants in the towns dried more seldom fresh mushrooms than those in the villages. Freezing was very rarely made use among all the respondents. There were statistically significant correlations between main town residence, on the one hand, and wild edible mushroom traditional usage, including cooking, drying, preservation and freezing, on the other hand.
Conclusion: This inquiry investigation revealed some peculiarities of the attitudes towards wild edible mushrooms among the urban and rural population in the Region of Varna and the extent of usage of common mushrooms in dependence on espondents’ main residence
Knowledge of wild edible mushrooms depending on educational level in the Region of Varna
No full textPurpose
Numerous wild edible mushrooms are relatively well-known in Bulgaria and many countries all over the world. The objective of this inquiry study was to analyze some peculiarities of local knowledge of such mushrooms depending on inhabitants’ educational level in the Region of Varna, Bulgaria.
Materials and methods
We performed a study of 200 adult individuals, 100 males and 100 females, on the territory of the Region of Varna using anonymous inquiry with a set of 12 concrete items dealing with respondents’ knowledge of wild edible mushroom and focusing on the role of their educational level for this knowledge. Statistical data processing was carried out using descriptive, variation and correlation analysis. Statistical significance was considered at the level of p<0.05.
Results
There was prevalence of the respondents with higher education. A total of 122 respondents (61% of the cases) could recognize wild edible mushrooms in the Region of Varna. The respondents with secondary education are most informed about these mushrooms. Numerous mushroom nominations of single concrete mushroom species were reported by the respondents. The edible boletus Boletus edulis Bull was the most commonly recognized wild edible mushroom. Respondents’ elementary educational level correlated statistically significantly with knowledge acquisition of wild mushrooms (Pearson’s coefficient=30.032; p<0.001).
Conclusion
This inquiry study demonstrated a satisfactory extent of awareness of these respondents with secondary, elementary and higher education concerning the wild edible mushrooms in the Region of Varna
A retrospective demographic study of wild mushroom intoxications in the region of Varna, Bulgaria
Get PDFINTRODUCTION: Recently, there has been a rising interest in the cases of wild mushroom poisonings. There are relatively few publications dealing with the demographic aspects of the patients experiencing intoxications after wild mushroom consumption at regional level.AIM: Our purpose was to retrospectively analyze some demographic characteristics of the patients with acute wild mushroom poisonings in the region of Varna, Bulgaria.MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed an epidemiological investigation of all consecutive patients with acute wild mushroom intoxications in the region of Varna hospitalized in the Clinic of Toxicology, Naval Hospital of Varna during the period between January 2005 and December 2022. There were a total of 672 hospitalized patients, 330 males aged between three and 84 years and 342 females aged between four and 85 years. We analyzed their annual dynamics during these 18 years and identified numerous gender and age differences in this contingent.RESULTS: The number of the male, female and all the patients considerably diminished during the second nine-year period—from 191 down to 139, from 212 down to 130, and from 403 down to 269, respectively. The mean patients’ age was highest in 2016 and in 2015 and lowest in 2011 and in 2008. There were 33 cases with two family members, ten cases with three family members, three cases with four family members, and one case with five family members among the hospitalized patients in a total of 12 years. There were no lethal cases.CONCLUSION: There were considerable differences in terms of age and gender characteristics of the patients hospitalized for acute wild mushroom intoxications in the region of Varna during the period between 2005 and 2022.
Wild edible mushroom usage by inhabitants with different educational level in the region of Varna
Get PDFINTRODUCTION: Wild edible mushrooms are used worldwide and in Bulgaria as well. Recent ethnomycological studies indicate that wild edible mushroom usage depends on the educational level of the populations. AIM: The purpose of this study was to assess certain mushroom usage practices by inhabitants with different educational level in the region of Varna, Bulgaria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed an anonymous inquiry study of 200 adult individuals, 100 males and 100 females, living in the region of Varna by using 12 specific facts about wild edible mushroom usage focusing on the respondent’s educational level. Statistical data processing was done by means of descriptive and correlation analysis. RESULTS: There was a prevalence of the positive attitude towards wild edible mushrooms among respondents from Varna region regardless of their level of education. The respondents with primary and secondary education were more likely to cook fresh mushrooms than those with higher education. Drying, preservation, and freezing were rare among all of the respondents. There was statistically significant correlation between a respondent’s educational level, on the one hand, and traditional wild edible mushroom usage including cooking, drying, preservation, and freezing, on the other hand. CONSCLUSION: This study demonstrated some interesting characteristics of the attitude towards wild edible mushrooms among the participants with secondary, elementary, and higher education from the region of Varna and the extent of usage of common mushrooms in relation to their educational level. Further ethnomycological research could contribute to the improvement of the awareness of these mushrooms among the population in Bulgaria
Analysis of the Risk of Distribution and Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Unwanted Pregnancy among Students from 9th to 12th Grade of Professional School of Natural Sciences - `Acad. N. Obreshkov` - Razgrad
No full textIntroduction: As contemporary as it looks to young people between 16 and 18 years of age, early sexual activity has its high price. Along with the strong emotions of falling in love, there come unwanted pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases. These diseases are characterized by diverse clinical symptoms but they have the same mechanism of transmission and spread of infection - sexual contact. The aim of this study is to investigate the awareness of students from 9th to 12th grade from the Professional School of Natural Sciences - `Acad. N. Obreshkov` - Razgrad of the risks, prevalence and the prevention of STDs and unwanted pregnancy.Materials and Methods: The study covered high-school students from 9th to 12th grade from the Professional School of Natural Sciences - `Acad. N. Obreshkov` - Razgrad in January 2016. A hundred students participated in the survey. There were 52 girls and 48 boys. A poll with 14 questions was developed for this study - 12 multiple choice questions and 2 open-ended questions. The processing and data analysis used documentary, statistical and graphical methods.Results: Students from the 9th grade were chosen as the lower end in determining the scope of the study. More than 1/3 (38%) of the students said they had casual sex, which increased significantly in students from 11th and 12th grade. Approximately half of the participants (42.10%) said that they were using protection during intercourse. Only 10.50% of all stated that they never used protection. The most commonly used protection was a condom combined with contraceptive drugs or intrauterine devices.Conclusion: The results show that young people are familiar with the basic methods of prevention, not only for pregnancy but also for STDs. The main sources of information for them are the Internet and conversations with parents
J.S. Bach’s “Anna Magdalena” as a Basic Tool for the Development of Beginner Pianists
No full textAbstract
The following paper aims to analyse the notebook ‘Anna Magdalena’ as a means for the development of specific knowledge and skills concerning teaching of Baroque and more specifically Bach style, for the beginner pianist. The focus of the paper is oriented towards examining the notebook, and providing a fresh perspective for its teaching from a pedagogical standpoint. Moreover, the paper aims to show various modes of teaching applied to the most popular pieces in the notebook. The author exhaustively lists widespread performer issues relating to the baroque’s technique, specifically, Bachian stylistic perception and attempts to show the ways in which these pieces can be taught. The study will be based on practice-led research methodology.</jats:p
Poisoning with Amanita phalloides (Vaill. ex Fr.) Link - 25-years retrospective analysis in Varna region, Bulgaria
Get PDFFungal intoxications are important in the ethology of acute exogenous intoxications and A. phalloides mushrooms intoxications are the most important for clinical toxicology. Poisonings with A. phalloides mushrooms are infrequent, but they have high lethality due to their high toxicity. A retrospective analysis of poisonings with A. phalloides mushrooms in Varna region for a period of 25 years (1991-2015) was conducted and 147 patients have been registered. The frequency relative to all hospitalised patients with acute poisoning is 0.8%. Such intoxications are more common in males and the ratio of men to women is 1.62:1. The largest number of intoxications was registered in the age group of 45 to 60 years - 62 (42.2%). All intoxications occured following oral ingestion of A. phalloides mushrooms by mistake instead of edible mushrooms such as field mushroom - Agaricus campestris L. A lethal outcome was registered in 25 patients (17%). A. phalloides mushrooms account for 11.4% of the lethality in acute poisonings
Cervical Cancer Nowadays. Research of Prevention and Awareness of Women Between 18-35 Years of Age
No full textIntroduction: Cervical cancer is the most frequently observed cancerous disease in women, right after breast cancer. Fortunately, modern science offers effective and easily accessible methods for diagnosing the disease, which increases the percentage of successful treatments. But are women aware of these methods? The aim of this study is to examine how informed the women are about cervical cancer. The acquired data is directed towards the prevention of the disease.Materials and Methods: The study began in 2017, in the form of an online survey, taken by 100 female volunteers. The lowest age limit for the participants is 18, and the highest is 35. The survey contains 7 questions. Statistical and graphic methods are used to process the data.Results: We started the study with questions targeting the reasons which cause the disease. A high percentage of the women - 93% know that HPV is the cause for cervical cancer; 78% of the participants are aware that the virus is sexually transmitted. The next questions covered the testing for early diagnosis of the disease. 56% of the participants visit a gynecologist once or twice per year, the rest shared that they rarely (21%) or never (23%) visit a gynecologist. 70% of the participants know about PAP-tests and 55% of them get tested. The last question has to do with the precautions that our volunteers would take to prevent getting infected. Only 8% would get vaccinated , 9% would use contraceptives, 20% would visit the gynecologist on a regular basis and 63% would choose all options.Conclusion: The study shows that the women are well-acquainted with the cause of the disease and the ways to get tested. There is a positive tendency, connected to the prevention of the disease
Prevalence of Trichomonas tenax in the Population Affected by Periodontal Disease—A Review
No full textBackground and Objectives: Trichomonas tenax is a protozoan which participates in the human oral microflora. It is considered as a potential paradontopathogen. This microorganism is also reported in the respiratory tract. We aimed to analyze the available literature about the prevalence of Trichomonas tenax in the population affected by periodontal disease. Materials and Methods: Searching the Scopus, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases with the keywords: “Trichomonas tenax” and “periodontal diseases” was able to identify several systematic reviews and original articles up until July 2023. All studies with patients suffering from periodontal disease, which mentioned the year of publication, the country, specified the detection methods, and included the total number of tested samples as well as the percentage of those infected with Trichomonas tenax were included. Irrelevant articles were excluded. Results: We found 137 studies, but only 64 studies about the distribution of Trichomonas tenax in patients with gum disease underwent qualitative analysis. The highest number of studies have been conducted in Iran, Poland and Iraq. Different methods have been used to detect the unicellular organism, each with a different specificity and sensitivity. Conclusions: Interest in Trichomonas tenax has grown considerably since 2000. Because of its association with periodontal disease, Trichomonas tenax’s role in the inflammatory process should not be overlooked
