167 research outputs found
Dietary management of chronic constipation:a review of evidence-based strategies and clinical guidelines
Get PDFThis review comprehensively examines the current evidence on the dietary management of chronic constipation, and the dietary recommendations presented in clinical guidelines for chronic constipation. Several randomised controlled trials (RCT) have investigated the effect of dietary supplements, foods and drinks in chronic constipation. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of these RCTs have demonstrated that psyllium supplements, specific probiotic supplements, magnesium oxide supplements, kiwifruits, prunes, rye bread and high mineral water content may be effective in the management of constipation. However, despite the plethora of evidence, current clinical guidelines only offer a limited number of dietary recommendations. The most commonly recommended dietary strategy in clinical guidelines is dietary fibre, followed by senna supplements and psyllium supplements. The least commonly recommended dietary strategies are magnesium oxide, Chinese herbal supplements, prunes and high mineral-content water. Several evidence-based dietary strategies are omitted by current clinical guidelines (e.g. kiwifruits), while some strategies that are recommended are not always supported by evidence (e.g. insoluble fibre supplement). Dietary recommendations in clinical guidelines can also be ambiguous, lacking outcome-specific recommendations and information for appropriate implementation. Future RCTs are needed to assess currently under-investigated dietary approaches that are nevertheless commonly recommended, and future clinical guidelines should include dietary recommendations supported by available evidence.</p
Correction to: Real-world data on Len/Dex combination at second-line therapy of multiple myeloma: treatment at biochemical relapse is a significant prognostic factor for progression-free survival (Annals of Hematology, (2018), 97, 9, (1671-1682), 10.1007/s00277-018-3361-2)
No full textThe original version of this article contained a mistake. The name of Eirini Katroditou should have been Eirini Katodritou. The original article has been corrected. © 2018, The Author(s)
Correction to: Nationwide epidemiology of carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from Greek hospitals, with regards to plazomicin and aminoglycoside resistance (BMC Infectious Diseases (2019) 19 (167) DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-3801-1)
No full textFollowing publication of the original article [1], the authors reported that a collaborator's name has been misspelled. Viktoria Eirini Mavromanolaki has been written by mistake Viktoria Eirini Mauromanolaki (u instead of v). © 2019 The Author(s)
Optogenetics and Light-Sheet Microscopy
No full textLight-sheet microscopy is a powerful method for imaging small translucent samples in vivo, owing to its unique combination of fast imaging speeds, large field of view, and low phototoxicity. This chapter briefly reviews state-of-the-art technology for variations of light-sheet microscopy. We review recent examples of optogenetics in combination with light-sheet microscopy and discuss some current bottlenecks and horizons of light sheet in all-optical physiology. We describe how 3-dimensional optogenetics can be added to an home-built light-sheet microscope, including technical notes about choices in microscope configuration to consider depending on the time and length scales of interest.</p
Irritable bowel syndrome and diet
Get PDFPurpose of review The aim is to review the most recent advances in the evidence supporting the use of various dietary interventions for the management of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Recent findings There is insufficient evidence of the effect of fibres other than psyllium in IBS, whereas the recent studies on prebiotics suggest a limited effect in IBS. Recent probiotic trials continue to provide varying results, with some probiotic strains exhibiting beneficial effects, whereas others show no effect. Recent trials have also confirmed the clinical effectiveness of a diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols (i.e. low FODMAP diet) in IBS. Although gluten sensitivity has also been recently investigated, its presence cannot be confirmed yet because of the presence of other potential contributing compounds in wheat. Studies also suggest a potential beneficial effect of peppermint oil, which warrants further research. Summary It is clear that a low FODMAP diet has a beneficial effect in a majority of patients with IBS. Probiotics also have great potential in the management of IBS; however, it is still unclear which strains and doses are the most beneficial. Further research is needed on the effect of different fibres, or combinations of fibres, in IBS.</p
System of Education of Pharmacists in Greece
Get PDFSYSTEM OF EDUCATION OF PHARMACISTS IN GREECE Author: Eirini-Georgia Mougiou Tutor: RNDr. Jana Kotlářová, Ph.D. Department of social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic Aim of study: The aim of diploma thesis is to get current knowledge about system of education of pharmacists in Greece, their vocational employment and to shortly compare situation in this field in Greece with Czech Republic. A survey whose goal is the gathering of information from foreign students about their experience in universities abroad, especially at Charles University. Methods: Data collection through appreciation of information and studying of literature. Questionnaire answered by 61 following students of pharmacy on March 2013. Results: Studies in high school, entrance examination of students in University , undergraduate and postgraduate studies in discipline of pharmacy are the main characteristics of both educational systems. Comparison and report of differences between the studies in Greece and studies abroad. Importance of life-long learning for professional pharmacists. Students answered questionnaire are 47,54 % males and 52,46 % females, most of them 68,84 % are from Greece and 14,74% from Cyprus. 67,21 % are not satisfied with Charles..
A department-wide transition to a new mode of computer-aided assessment using STACK
No full textWe focus on the integration of STACK—a Computer-Aided Assessment (CAA) technology—in the mathematics department of a high-ranking University in the United Kingdom. We study a department-wide project where instructors were expected to implement STACK into continuous assessment tasks for (nearly) all core modules across the first two years of undergraduate study. We present this work as a departmental case study, drawing on semi-structured interviews with six novice STACK assessment designers (and module leaders), supplemented by students’ responses to an open-response feedback questionnaire, and the reflections of a co-project lead (also first author). Our thematic analysis identified four themes related to the design of STACK-based assessments by novice to STACK tutors: the process of ‘STACKification’, technical challenges, users’ perspectives on the role of CAA, and finally, variations in assessment designers’ approaches to the role of feedback. In presenting our results, we are guided by Sangwin’s (2013) design principles for mathematics assessment. We consider various technical aspects of implementing STACK-based assessments as a first-time user, and the knowledge required to do so effectively and coherently. We conclude with a series of reflections on the role of CAA in undergraduate mathematics, and the ways in which such technology can be productively integrated with established practice
Perceptions of the role of diet among people with constipation:dietary contributors and relievers to symptoms and research priorities
Get PDFPerceptions of the role of diet among people with constipation:dietary contributors and relievers to symptoms and research priorities
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