5,715 research outputs found
How do social and spousal support influence postpartum depression?
No full textObjective: Postpartum psychiatric morbidity is one of the most frequent complications of birth, cause of suicides and maternal death. We aimed to determine the prevalence of postpartum depression (PPD) among mothers who gave birth in the last 6 months and also assess the risk factors, particularly poor social and spousal support. Patients and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. We included 303 mothers who gave birth in the last 6 months attending three family health centers in a district of Istanbul. Stratified sampling method was used. Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale, Postpartum Support Scale, The Scale of Perceived Spousal Support Among Women in Early Postpartum Period were administered. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were used. Results: Postpartum depression prevalence was 9.9% among the participants. According to multivariate statistical analysis; while a higher income (OR : 0.99) and a higher spousal support score (OR: 0.95) were found as protective factors, actively working (OR :8.63), unplanned pregnancy (OR: 3.21), having a first child compared to having two children (OR: 11.20), having low birth weight infant (OR: 8.33) and unmet social support (OR: 1.02) were risk factors for PPD (p<0.05). Conclusion: Considering the results of this study, increasing family income, social and spousal support, prevention of unplanned pregnancies using effective family planning methods and improving the life prosperity of the women are essential to the decrease of PPD prevalence
Prevalence of obesity and overweight among primary school children in a district of Istanbul, Turkey
No full textObjective: We aimed to investigate the prevalence of obesity and overweight and their relationship with environmental factors among children aged 5-10 years at a primary school in an Istanbul district. Materials and Methods: The data of this cross-sectional study were collected from a random selection of 177 students and their families. Students' heights and weights were measured in a standardized way for calculating their body mass index. The World Health Organization growth reference was used for the definition of obesity and overweight status. Results: The prevalence of obesity and overweight was 12.4% and 20.9%, respectively, with no difference between girls and boys. A significant increase in the percentage of obesity and overweight was observed with increasing age (p = 0.001). Having an obese or overweight father (p = 0.001) and a working mother (p=0.003) were associated with an increase in childhood obesity. Conclusion: The findings of this study imply that obesity or overweight among primary school children is associated with increasing age, having an obese or overweight father and having a working mother. State organizations, schools, physicians and other healthcare professionals must work together to encourage children and their families to adopt healthy lifestyles and to improve their awareness of obesity
Awareness of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy among parents of children with epilepsy in a tertiary center
No full textObjective: Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is the second leading neurological cause of potential years of lifelost after stroke. Despite growing numbers of studies on social aspects of epilepsy, there is a paucity of research on the awareness of SUDEP among the parents of children with epilepsy (CWE), especially in Turkey. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the knowledge of parents of the CWE regarding SUDEP in the tertiary setting. Material and methods: A total of 146 parents (108 female) aged 19 to 55 years (median age:34) of CWE were included at Marmara University, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Neurology outpatient clinic between May 2018 and September 2018. A total of 30 multiple-choice questions and a written survey were administered, which consisted of three sections. In the first section, the sociodemographics of parents and CWE were questioned. In the second section, the severity of epilepsy was evaluated. In the third section, the knowledge level and awareness of parents of CWE were assessed. Results: Of 146 parents, only 16.6% previously heard about SUDEP, while 45% of them heard from their relatives. The presence of prior knowledge of SUDEP was associated with the presence of prolonged postictal confusion and longer duration of epilepsy (p < 0.05). Ninety-seven (66%) parents desired to be informed about SUDEP, while 76 (54.7%) of them agreed that this information should be given at the time of diagnosis. The degree of anxiety in parents regarding death of epilepsy-related causes was significantly related with prolonged postictal confusion (p < 0.001) and using three or more antiepileptic drugs (p = 0.005). Conclusion: Our data suggest that knowledge about SUDEP among parents with CWE found inadequate in Turkey. There should be much effort to inform parents and caregivers in epilepsy clinics on SUDEP, which may help to reduce the associated risk factors. (C) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
The Knowledge and Attitude about Diarrhea of Mothers of Students Attending an Elementary School in a Suburban Area in Istanbul
No full textObjective: Diarrhea is one of the main cause of morbidity and mortality among children age under 5 years in Turkey though diarrheal disease control program has been performing and death ratio due to diarrheal disease under 5 years has been decreasing year by year in Turkey. This study is undertaken to evaluate knowledge, attitude and practice of mothers about childhood diarrheal diseases in a suburban area. Methods: This descriptive study was carried out in a primary school in a suburban area of Istanbul. One hundred and forty four mothers of children included accepted in the study with response rate of 85%. A questionnaire form was applied for data collection. Epi-Info programme was used for statistical analysis. In addition to the descriptive statistical methods, for the comparison of qualitative data a chi-square test was used. Results: In our study, the percentage of mothers who could define diarrhea correctly was 40%. Abdominal pain and watery defecation were the main signs which the mothers understand their children have diarrhea. Most of the mothers indicated that microbes as the cause of diarrhea. One of every two mothers stated that they would take their children to the doctor as they notice their child has diarrhea. Among the homemade treatments we asked, Potatoes cooked in boiling water and banana were the most frequent answers. Only one of mothers mentioned about using drugs at home for diarrhea and percentage of hearing about ORS was 21.5%. Eleven percent of mothers mentioned they believed to decrease liquid intake would be an effective practice in the treatment of diarrhea. Education level was very influential about knowledge and attitude about diarrheal disease. Conclusion: This study reveals the importance of continuous health education of mothers as well as the need for raising their status especially schooling in communities. Circulating of correct information is also important as well as educating population
Methodological aspects of the SAVE data set
No full textThis paper describes the general design of the SAVE survey: the design of the questionnaire, inter-viewer and interviewee motivation, and the sampling designs of the various subsamples collected in 2001 and 2003. It discusses the representativeness of the data, explains the construction of weights, and provides probit regressions to analyse potential selectivity problems. The paper finishes by discussing implications for the use of the SAVE data in various estimation procedures.
The Factors Associated with Mothers' Preventive Measures Against Home Accidents: A Descriptive Study from Istanbul, Turkey
No full textObjective: One of the most common causes of death among children in Turkey is accidents, and of this, 18-25% caused by home accidents. This study aims to identify the factors associated with safety measures against home accidents, that are taken by mothers who have children between 0-6 years of age. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted among the mothers who admitted to three Family Health Centers in Istanbul, Turkey, in 2017. The data was collected with a questionnaire including The Scale for Mother's identification of Safety Measures Against Home Accidents for Children of 0-6 Years Age Group. The data was analyzed with SPSS program using Chi square, Mann Whitney-U and Spearman correlation tests (p<0,05 considered significant). 224 mothers participated in this study. Results: The most frequent home accidents were falling (48.9%), finger jam (36.6%) and crashing (30.6%). There was a weak positive correlation between the scale score and family's income (p=0.039; r=0.157); and a weak negative correlation between the scale score and child's age (p=0.001; r=-0.331). There was no association between education level of parents and safety measures. However, the scale scores were significantly higher among those who have specifically been educated about home accidents compared to those who haven't (p=0.013). Conclusion: The current education program may not be sufficient to prevent home accidents. We believe that specific courses about home accidents and safety measures are needed; even if these courses can be integrated to secondary school or university curricula it can be more beneficial
Is there a role for the family and close community to help reduce the risk of postpartum depression in new mothers? A cross-sectional study of Turkish women
No full textObjectives Postpartum depression is an important and under-diagnosed problem. The aims of this study were (1) to compare the prevalence of depressive symptomology in Turkish mothers who were 1-3 months postpartum with the prevalence of depressive symptomology in mothers who had not been pregnant for at least 1 year, (2) to identify risk factors associated with depression in both groups, and (3) to examine the effect of postpartum depression on breastfeeding by the mothers. Design Cross-sectional study Setting Well-baby clinic Participants 326 women enrolled in January 2001; 163 were 1-3 months postpartum, and 163 had not been pregnant in the previous year. Results The prevalence of depressive symptomology in the postpartum and non-postpartum groups was 17% (28/163) and 24.5% (40/163), respectively; this was not statistically significant (P = 0.102). When we compared mean Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scores, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (10.75 +/- 8.06 and 12.63 +/- 8.81, respectively, P = 0.045). Premenstrual tension and a history of depression were risk factors for depressive symptomology in both groups. Three or more births and a history of induced abortion were risk factors for depressive symptomology in the non-postpartum group. In the postpartum group, the effect of depression on breast-feeding was not statistically significant (P = 0.7). The generalisability of the study results to the community is limited. Conclusion In this study, the prevalence of depressive symptomology in the postpartum and non-postpartum groups did not show a significant difference, but the prevalence of depressive symptomology was high in both groups. Postpartum depression did not have a negative effect on breast-feeding. Lower BDI scores in the postpartum period may be the result of the protective factors of motherhood which is a respected status for women in populations where the preservations of traditions and customs are valued
Community pharmacy cognitive services during the COVID-19 pandemic: A descriptive study of practices, precautions taken, perceived enablers and barriers and burnout
No full textObjective The objectives of this study were to identify community pharmacist (CP)-led cognitive services and CPs' precautions taken related to COVID-19, perceived enablers and barriers related to pharmaceutical services and burnout levels during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method In this descriptive study, the survey was administered online to CPs in all regions of Turkey. The frequency of their provision of patient counselling, provision of medication information and practices towards precautions during the pandemic were evaluated based on CP self-reports. The Turkish version of the Burnout Measure Short Form was used, and a 30-item questionnaire based on the 12-domain Theoretical Domains Framework was developed to determine CPs' perceived enablers of and barriers to pharmaceutical service delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected using convenience sampling methods. Besides internal consistency reliability, principal component analysis, and correlation analysis, Mann-Whitney U-test was conducted in group comparisons. Results A total of 1098 complete responses were received, for a response rate of 4.11% among 26 747 CPs. The CPs' median burnout score was 3.3 (2.5-4.2). More than half of the CPs (54.5%) referred probable patients with COVID-19 to the hospital. Commonly delivered cognitive CP-led services included preventive health services (89.5%) and medication information services (86.3%). Perceived barriers to delivering pharmaceutical services were a lack of environmental resources and support and a lack of innovation in pharmaceutical services. Perceived enablers were CPs' knowledge, skills, self-confidence, actions, impacts, emotions and perceived behavioural control. Conclusion To increase the preparedness of pharmacists for future pandemics or disasters, this study highlighted CP-led cognitive services, precautions taken related to COVID-19, perceived enablers and barriers and burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic. Pharmaceutical services guidelines that could be followed during a pandemic or other disaster should be designed by addressing these findings
Prevalence of headache and its association with sleep disorders in children
No full textAn association between headache and sleep disturbances has been reported in previous studies, but there is a lack of research examining this relationship in a community sample of children in order to reveal the magnitude of the problem. Among 32 District Educational Directorates in Istanbul, nine school districts and within each district eight schools were randomly selected. A questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic variables and evaluating headache and sleep disturbances was sent to students' homes to be completed by their parents. The prevalence of headache was 31.4% (95% confidence interval: 29.5-33.4%). Migraine prevalence was 3.3%, whereas nonmigraine headache prevalence was 28.1%. The prevalence of headache was similar between males and females (29.6% vs 33.3%, P > 0.05). The frequency of headache increased with age for both sexes. Snoring, parasomnias, sweating during sleep, and daytime sleepiness were more common among children with migraine compared with nonmigraine and no headache groups. Headaches are common among schoolchildren. Because children with migraine headaches have a high prevalence of sleep disturbances, they should always be evaluated for the presence of sleep problems. (c) 2007 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Prevalence of type 1 diabetes mellitus in 6-18-yr-old school children living in Istanbul, Turkey
No full textBackground: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is among the most common chronic diseases in childhood and the incidence of T1DM is increasing worldwide. There is no actual data regarding the frequency of T1DM in Turkish children. Objectives: We aimed to assess current prevalence of T1DM in 6-18-yr-old school children living in Istanbul. Methods: Total number of students and children on insulin treatment were reported by the schools, as the first part of the study. At the second step, the study team visited 203 schools for confirmation of the reported data. Results: One thousand and ninety children in a population of 1 630 751 school children were reported to have T1DM, which made the total prevalence of T1DM 0.67/1000 (95% confidence interval 0.6/1000-0.7/1000). A population of 217 030 children (alpha = 0.05 and beta = 0.20) from 203 schools were screened. The difference between the reported and detected prevalence was 0.032/1000 (215 detected vs. 222 reported, p > 0.05). Comparison of the current data with the prevalence reported in a smaller population in Ankara, Turkey, 16 yr ago, demonstrated that the prevalence of T1DM is higher in the current study (0.46/1000 vs. 0.16/1000, 0.57/1000 vs. 0.34/1000, and 0.92/1000 vs. 0.69/1000 at primary, secondary, and high schools, respectively). Conclusion: This first pediatric T1DM prevalence data in a large pediatric population in Istanbul, Turkey, estimated the prevalence of T1DM as 0.67/1000. This prevalence is 2.5-fold higher than that reported in Ankara, Turkey, in 1993, suggesting that T1DM prevalence is increasing in Turkey as in the other parts of the world
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