330 research outputs found
Case discussion of an immediate serious reaction to hexavalent vaccine mistaken for anaphylaxis
No full textGiovanna Zanoni, Leonardo Gottin, Attilio Boner, Giorgio Piacentini, Diego Peroni and Michael Gol
Ruolo dell’immunoterapia specifica in pediatria
No full textRuolo dell’immunoterapia specifica in pediatri
Persistent atelectasis in bronchopulmonary dysplasia
No full textdiscussion of different cases of persistent atelectasies in childre
Asthma and viruses: is there a relationship?
No full textAsthma is a multifactorial disease in which many factors play a role in its development and exacerbations. Viral infections are known to be the main cause of asthmatic exacerbations and are often the first manifestation of asthma in preschool age. However, there is much evidence suggesting a role of viral infections even in asthma development. Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV). has been first associated with an increased risk to develop asthma, but recently new viruses have been proposed to be involved in asthma pathogenesis. Further studies will be needed to demonstrate a causative role of viral infections in asthma development, in order to implement preventive strategies in high-risk children
Therapeutic Effects of Vitamin D in Asthma and Allergy
No full textIn recent years, low vitamin D status has been proposed as a putative risk factor for allergic diseases. A growing body of literature reports low vitamin D levels in atopic patients and supports an association between vitamin D deficiency and risk of adverse asthma and allergies outcomes. Therefore, it has been speculated that vitamin D supplementation may either prevent or reduce the risk of allergic diseases. Birth cohort studies addressing the role of vitamin D intake during pregnancy have shown conflicting results regarding allergy outcomes in offspring. Currently, only a few studies have tried to supplement vitamin D in asthmatic patients, often as an add-on therapy to standard asthma controller medications, and results are not all consistent. There is emerging data to show that vitamin D can enhance the antiinflammatory effects of glucocorticoids and potentially be used as adjuvant therapy in steroid-resistant asthma. Recent in vivo data suggest that vitamin D supplementation may also reduce the severity of atopic dermatitis. This review examines the existing relevant literature focusing on vitamin D supplementation in the treatment of allergic diseases
New Insights in Cow’s Milk and Allergy: Is the Gut Microbiota the Missing Link?
No full textThe present Editorial derives from the Special Issue “New Insights into Cow’s Milk and Allergy” recently published in Nutrients [...
Economic and Monetary Union and Switzerland: two models compared in the light of the economic crisis
No full textLooking at the origin and the reasons behind and considering the impact of the 2007 economic crisis in the EU countries and in Switzerland, the author describes the initiatives taken and the key role played by the European Central Bank to mitigate financial and monetary risks within the Eurozone, and compares it to the Swiss approach, namely addressing the set of measures adopted by the Swiss National Bank to tackle the economic crisis
The role of atopy in asthma development and persistence
No full textAsthma is the most common chronic disease in pediatric age. Childhood-onset asthma, as opposed to adult-onset asthma, is typically characterized by a personal and often a family history of atopy and related markers of type 2-mediated inflammation. However, the interplay between atopy and asthma development is more complex than a linear dose-response relationship
Effects of allergen exposure-avoidance on inflammation in asthmatic children.
No full textInflammation of the airways has long been known to be the classic pathologic feature of asthmatics who have died in status asthmaticus (1, 2). However, it has recently been appreciated, from studies of bronchial lavage and bronchial biopsies, that inflammatory changes are present in even mildly symptomatic adult patients (3). Experimental evidence has linked the induction of bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) to the presence of inflammation (4-7). The recognition of allergic airways inflammation, as a cause of both transient and persistent airway hyperresponsiveness, has led to increased appreciation of
importance of atopy in the pathogenesis of asthma (4-8). Recently, it has been shown that eosinophil counts in lavage fluid are correlated with histamine reactivity in children (9) as well as in adults (3).
Furthermore, ultrastructural examination of the airways of two asthmatic children undergoing open lung biopsy during clinical remission showed features similar to lung tissue from two children who had died in status asthmaticus with the exception of a larger number of submucosal eosinophils and more extensivedenudation ofthe epithelium in fatal asthma
(10). Evidence from these findings suggest that airways-inflammation may play a role also in asthmatic children. This hypothesis can be further supported by studies which have shown that allergen avoidance can improve BHR and asthma symptoms both in adults (11-12) and children (13-15) with asthma.
Because of the importance of better understanding the correlation of allergen exposure with BHR and inflammation we evaluated changes in BHR and serum markers of inflammation when allergic asthmatic children sensitive to house dust mites moved from an environment rich in allergens (sea level) to an environment free from mites at a high altitude
(Istituto Pi0 XII, Misurina 1756111) (16-17) and back again to sea level. The migration of asthmatic children from sea level to the alpine environment and back again, offers a natural allergen exposureavoidance-exposure challenge model
Molecular characterization of intestinal microbiota in infants fed with soymilk
No full textIntestinal bacteria play an important role in the postnatal development of the immune system. The composition of gut microbiota is profoundly influenced by the infant's diet, but there is little information about the effects of soymilk on the composition of intestinal biota. The present study was designed to investigate the intestinal ecosystem of the newborn in relation to the consumption of soymilk.
Twelve infants had their bovine milk-based formula replaced with soymilk. The intestinal microbial composition of the infants was investigated before and after the change by means of polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. In addition, species-specific amplification of 10 Bifidobacterium species, 3 Ruminococcus species, and the Bacteroides group was performed.
Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis revealed bacterial profiles characterized by numerous bands typical for each subject. No variations were detected by species-specific polymerase chain reaction.
The data demonstrate that soymilk feeding does not alter the intestinal flora of infants and decrease the intestinal bifidobacterial population
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