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Upupagryllus Desutter-Grandcolas
No full textGenus Upupagryllus Desutter-Grandcolas, n. gen. (Figs 12–14) Type species. Upupagryllus subapterus Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp. Other species included. Upupagryllus alatus Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp. Etymology. Genus named after the large amount of large setae occurring on the fastigium of the observed specimens, making a kind of crest. Distribution. Known from Tanzania only. Diagnosis. Small species covered with many, strong setae, ressembling Nemobiinae crickets. Size small for Phalangopsidae, legs short (Fig. 12 A–C). Head rounded dorsally, fastigium not separated from the vertex and wider than the scape (Fig. 12 D, E); ocelli well developed, the lateral ones more widely separated from each other than the median ocellus from one lateral ocellus (Fig. 12 D). Eyes small, only slightly protruding, widely separate from each other (Fig. 12 D, F). Maxillary palpi short (Figs 12 C, 13 A, J). TI without tympanum (Upupagryllus subapterus Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp.), or with one inner and one outer tympana (Upupagryllus alatus Desutter- Grandcolas, n. sp.); two long, ventral apical spurs. FIII thick, without a filiform apical part (Fig. 12 A, C). TIII with four pairs of short, subapical spurs; serrulation absent between subapical spurs, absent or scarce above them; three inner and three outer apical spurs. Basitarsomeres III with only one row of dorsal spines. Males with reduced or well-developed FWs; in the latter case, FWs wide and short, with a complete stridulatory apparatus (Fig. 13 K). Male genitalia (Fig. 14) characterized by the great development of a pair of acute, distal lobes directly connected to the rami; upper part of pseudepiphallus transverse; rami with a subdistal transverse crest; pseudepiphallic parameres, ectophallic fold and ectophallic dorsal valves reduced. Females apterous (Fig. 12 B). Ovipositor flattened laterally, without ornementation (Upupagryllus subapterus Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp.), or very small transverse crests (Upupagryllus alatus Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp.). Female genitalia with a small, more or less cylindrical copulatory papilla, almost entirely sclerotized (Fig. 13 C–I, N–P). Description. Size small, body shape stout with short legs (Fig. 12 A). Head and pronotum with many long and strong setae; legs with few, very long ones, body densely covered with small setae. Head small and vertical, the face oblique (Fig. 12 E). Fastigium rounded, not separated from the vertex, wider than the scape (Fig. 12 D, E). Ocelli well developed, set in a wide triangle, the distance between the median and one lateral ocelli somewhat smaller than the distance between the two lateral ocelli (Fig. 12 F). Eyes only slightly protruding (Fig. 12 D). Scapes longer than wide. Maxillary palpi short; joint 5 little, but regularly widened toward apex, apex obliquely truncate (Fig. 13 A, J). Pronotum transverse, rounded (Fig. 12 D); lateral lobes quite short, clearly inflated anteriorly. TI with two long, ventral, apical spurs; tympana lacking (Upupagryllus subapterus Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp.), or present on each side (Upupagryllus alatus Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp.); in the latter species, tympana small and obliterate, and TI not inflated. TII with three apical spurs, the outer dorsal spur lacking. TIII with three inner, and three outer apical spurs; inner spur: dorsal spur the longest, more than half basitarsomere III in length; outer spurs: shorter, the median the longest. TIII with four pairs of subapical spurs, not very long; inner spurs much longer than outer spurs, increasing in size toward TIII apex; outer spurs shorter, the first or the second the longest (see infra). TIII not serrulated between subapical spurs; few or no spines above subapical spurs. Basitarsomeres with only one row of dorsal spines, on outer side. Cerci not particularly elongate. Coloration. Fig. 12. Light yellowish brown variegated with brown; setae on head and body dark brown. Tergites darker. Male. Metanotum and tergites without glandular structures (Fig. 12 A). FWs either well-developed and with a stridulatory apparatus (Upupagryllus alatus Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp., Fig. 13 K), or very short and without acoustic structure (Upupagryllus subapterus Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp.) (see infra, species description for FW characteristics); HWs vestigial or lacking, respectively. Supra anal plate without denticles. Subgenital plate short and high, V-truncate distally. Male genitalia. Fig. 14. Upper part of pseudepiphallic sclerite transverse; lower part with two long, distal, almost triangular acute processes; rami short, with a transverse apical or subapical apodeme. Pseudepiphallic parameres compact, projected dorsally as foliaceous sclerites (Upupagryllus subalatus Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp.) or not (Upupagryllus alatus Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp.). Endophallic sclerite narrow and more or less elongate. Endophallic apodeme variable. Female. Apterous. Subgenital plate transverse, distal margin more or less bisinuate. Ovipositor flattened laterally, without strong apical ornementation; apex elongate: apex of dorsal valve short and greatly widened basally, apex of ventral valve longer and more narrow; no notch (Fig. 13 M). Female genitalia. Copulatory papilla small and more or less cylindrical (Fig. 13 C–I, N–P), with (U. alatus Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp.) or without (U. subapterus Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp.) a pair of membranous distal lobes (Fig. 13 N–P). Phylogenetic relationships. Morphologically Upupagryllus Desutter-Grandcolas, n. gen. resembles Phaloriinae, especially by TIII spines and spurs, and by the shape of the head. The shape of the fastigium, male FWs and/or stridulum, and male and female genitalia constitute as many apomorphies to define the new genus as a monophyletic entity. Habitat. Upupagryllus Desutter-Grandcolas, n. gen. forages in the leaf litter of tropical forest.Published as part of Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure, 2015, Phalangopsidae crickets from Tropical Africa (Orthoptera, Grylloidea), with descriptions of new taxa and an identification key for African genera, pp. 451-496 in Zootaxa 3948 (3) on pages 482-486, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3948.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/24185
Rumea guyanensis Desutter-Grandcolas 1992
No full textRumea guyanensis Desutter-Grandcolas, 1992 (Table 22) Rumea guyanensis Desutter-Grandcolas, 1992a: 162. TYPE LOCALITY. — French Guiana, Sinnamary, Paracou. TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype by original designation. French Guiana • 1 ♂; Sinnamary, Paracou, forêt sur sables blancs; II. IX.1988; L. Desutter leg.; MNHN-EO-ENSIF5102. Paratypes: 2 males. French Guiana • 1♂; same locality and collector as the holotype; IX.1988; MNHN-EO-ENSIF5103 • 1 ♂; Mana, Acarouany; 11.XI.1968; J. Bonfils leg.; MNHN-EO-ENSIF5104. MATERIAL FROM THE MITARAKA. — French Guiana • 2 ♀; Monts Tumuc-Humac, Massif du Mitaraka vers sommet en Cloche; entre 54.4541 O 2.2349 N et 54.4646 O 2.2329 N; alt. entre 370 m et 470 m; 23.II.-10.III.2015; F. Legendre & S. Hugel leg.; de nuit, fn. SH410, SH457; MNHN. Specimens in bad condition (fungi). DIAGNOSIS. — See Desutter-Grandcolas (1992b: 162) for males. REMARK Females are not known from the type locality, but only from near the Arataye river, a tributary of Approuague. The females from Mitaraka are close to the types of R. guyanensis as far as size and coloration are concerned, as are the females of Arataye. MEASUREMENTS (IN MM). — See Table 22.Published as part of Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure & Faberon, Léo, 2020, Phalangopsidae crickets (Orthoptera, Grylloidea) from the Mitaraka biological survey, French Guiana, pp. 739-797 in Zoosystema 42 (32) on page 789, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2020v42a32, http://zenodo.org/record/439979
Paraclodes guyanensis Desutter-Grandcolas 1992
No full textParaclodes guyanensis Desutter-Grandcolas, 1992 (Fig. 24; Table 15) Laranda aptera Chopard, 1912: 404 (secondary homonymy of Endacustes apterus Giglio-Tos, 1897, valid as Paraclodes aptera (Giglio-Tos, 1897)). Paraclodes guyanensis Desutter-Grandcolas 1992b: 189 (synonymy in Desutter-Grandcolas 1994: 324). Uvaroviella (Paraclodes) guyanensis – Gorochov 2007: 1187. TYPE LOCALITY. — French Guiana, Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni. TYPE MATERIAL OF LARANDA APTERA. — Holotype by original designation. French Guiana • 1 female juvenile; St Laurent du Maroni; collection Le Moult; MNHN-EO-ENSIF6827. TYPE MATERIAL OF PARACLODES GUYANENSIS. — Holotype by original designation. French Guiana • 1 ♂; Arataye, Afflt. Approuague, 8 km NE saut Pararé, station de recherche des Nouragues; 9.VI.1988; L. Desutter leg.; MNHN-EO-ENSIF3042. Allotype. French Guiana • 1 ♀; same locality, date and collector as the holotype; MNHN-EO-ENSIF5422. Paratypes: 66 males, 46 females. French Guiana • 7 ♂ 5 ♀; same locality and collector as the holotype; IV.1988; MNHN-EO-ENSIF5428, 5429, 5434, 5439, 5442, 5476, 5481, 5484, 5486, 5506-5508 • 3 ♂ 3 ♀; same locality and collector as the holotype; V.1988; MNHN-EO-ENSIF5430, 5431, 5436, 5479, 5492, 5500 • 19 ♂ 8 ♀; same locality as the holotype; VI.1988; L. Desutter & P. Grandcolas leg.; MNHN-EO-ENSIF5424, 5426, 5427, 5433, 5435, 5443, 5454, 5469, 5475, 5478-5480, 5482, 5483, 5485, 5487-5491, 5493, 5495, 5496, 5501, 5502, 5504, 5505 • 4 ♂ 6 ♀; same data as preceding; VII.1988; MNHN-EO-ENSIF5425, 5437, 5438, 5440, 5441, 5544, 5494, 5497, 5498, 5503 • 1♀; same locality as the holotype; IX.1989; P. Grandcolas leg.; MNHN-EO-ENSIF5432 • 16 ♂ 11 ♀; Arataye, Afflt. Approuague, aval du saut Pararé; VII.1988; L. Desutter & P. Grandcolas leg.; MNHN-EO-ENSIF5509-5524, 5423, 5455-5464 • 4♂ 1♀; Sinnamary, Paracou, forêt sur sable blanc: VIII.1988; L. Desutter & P. Grandcolas leg.; MNHN-EO-ENSIF5526-5529, 5465 • 2 ♂ 3 ♀; same data as preceding; IX.1988; MNHN-EO-ENSIF5525, 5530, 5466-5468 • 8♂ 1 ♀; Sinnamary, Piste de St Elie, PK 15; VIII.1988; L. Desutter & P. Grandcolas leg.; MNHN-EO-ENSIF5531-5538, 5474 • 1 ♂; Sinnamary, crique Grégoire; XI.1968; A. Delplanque & J. Bonfils leg.; MNHN-EO-ENSIF5539 • 1 ♂ 4 ♀; Saül; VIII.1988; L. Desutter & P. Grandcolas leg.; MNHN-EO-ENSIF5540, 5470-5473 • 1 ♂ 1♀; ZIN. MATERIAL FROM THE MITARAKA. — French Guiana • 1 ♂; Monts Tumuc-Humac, Massif du Mitaraka, Layon A; entre 54.4509 O 2.2357 N et 54.4547 O 2.2405 N; alt. entre 280 m et 365 m; 23.II.-10.III.2015; F. Legendre & S. Hugel leg.; SH265, de nuit; MNHN • 1♀; same data as for preceding; fn SH311, de nuit; MNHN • 1♂; Monts Tumuc-Humac, Massif du Mitaraka, D 2; 54.451125 O 2.234786 N; alt. 300 m; 23.II.-10.III.2015; F. Legendre & S. Hugel leg.; fn. SH074, de nuit; MNHN. REMARK Specimens (see Fig. 24) fitting the description of P. guyanensis for their general shape and male FW size and venation (Desutter-Grandcolas 1992b, figure 37), face coloration (Desutter-Grandcolas 1992b, figure 41), the structure of male genitalia (Desutter-Grandcolas 1992b, figure 38), and female copulatory papilla (Desutter-Grandcolas 1992b, figure 44). They differ by their larger size (compare measurements) and number of stridulatory teeth (n = 118, n = 1, against 60-83 teeth in the specimens from the type locality), and a very short yellow line between median ocellus and the face (in the place of two yellow spots in type material). Male and female genitalia are too similar to P. guyanensis to consider these specimens as a different species, and the lack of samples through the guianese territory impedes a correct appreciation of species variation. MEASUREMENTS (IN MM). — See Table 15.Published as part of Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure & Faberon, Léo, 2020, Phalangopsidae crickets (Orthoptera, Grylloidea) from the Mitaraka biological survey, French Guiana, pp. 739-797 in Zoosystema 42 (32) on pages 779-780, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2020v42a32, http://zenodo.org/record/439979
Upupagryllus alatus Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp.
No full textUpupagryllus alatus Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp. (Figs 13 J–P, 14 D–F) Type locality. Tanzania, Coast. Reg. Kisarame distr., kazimzumbui forets reserve, 39 ° 03'E 6 ° 57 'S. Type material. Holotype. Tanzania, Coast. Reg. Kisarame distr., kazimzumbui forest reserve,, 39 ° 03'E 6 ° 57 'S, 1 male, Jan–Feb 1991, Frontier Tanzania leg., ZMC. Allotype. Same data as the holotype, 1 female, ZMC. Paratype, 1 male. Same data as the holotype, 1 male, MNHN-EO-ENSIF 3742. Etymology. Species named after male FW condition. Diagnosis. Within the genus, small, flat and wide species with short legs; light yellowish brown with dark brown abdomen. Male with wide FWs, covering more than half abdomen; stridulatory apparatus (Fig. 13 K): harp with five oblique, parallel veins, mirror low and very wide crossed by one vein only; cell below the mirror longer than mirror width; apical field very reduced, without venation. Lateral field (Fig. 13 L) with high media veins; R and its bifurcations faint. Male genitalia very similar to that of U. subapterus Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp., the distal sclerites not acute, and less separate from each other; rami shorter distally (Fig. 14). Female apterous; ovipositor longer than TIII. Female genitalia: copulatory papilla very distinctive, with a wide dorsal swelling and a bifid membrane above the apex (Fig. 13 N–P);Published as part of Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure, 2015, Phalangopsidae crickets from Tropical Africa (Orthoptera, Grylloidea), with descriptions of new taxa and an identification key for African genera, pp. 451-496 in Zootaxa 3948 (3) on page 487, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3948.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/24185
Kameruloria gabonensis Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp.
No full textKameruloria gabonensis Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp. (Figs 5 B, H, J, 6 D–F) Type locality. Gabon, Makandé, affluent Offoué, Bees forest, 11 ° 55 'E 0° 41 'S, 220m. Type material. Holotype. Gabon, Makandé, affluent Offoué, forêt des abeilles, 11 ° 55 'E 0° 41 'S, 220m, 1 male, 28.vi. 1994, nuit, fn 84, molecular sample LDG 455, sur plante (L. Desutter-Grandcolas), MNHN-EO-ENSIF 3718. Etymology. Species named after its place of origin. Diagnosis. Among the Phaloriinae, species fitting the emended diagnosis of Kameruloria for the following characters: tympana shape and development; TI almost not inflated at tympana level; TIII with relatively short subapical spurs, the inner ones slightly longer toward TIII apex and well shorter than dorsal inner apical spur; male FW venation (mirror and harp veins); male subgenital plate (apical margin faintly sinuate); male genitalia (pseudepiphallus membranous with a pair of sclerotized, disto lateral processes, pseudepiphallic parameres spinelike, ectophallic fold wide and short, ectophallic dorsal valves not developed, endophallic apodeme made of a high median longitudinal crest and a pair of lateral lamellae along endophallic sclerite). K. gabonensis Desutter- Grandcolas, n. sp. is most similar to K. nigricornis Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp. by the length of male FWs, with a well-developed apical field, the relative size of maxillary palpi joints (joint 3 longer than joint 4), and male genitalia, including the widely extended ventral margins of ectophallic fold. It differs from that species by its coloration (antennae black in K. nigricornis Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp.), number of stridulatory teeth in males, and details of male genitalia. Female unknown. Description In addition to the characters of the subfamily and genus. Species with longer FWs than K. primitiva, at least in males; HWs going slightly beyond FWs. Many very short setae. Head. Fastigium as wide as the scapes, the distance between the lateral ocelli only slightly less than the distance between one lateral and the median ocelli. Joint 4 of maxillary palpi little shorter than joint 3; joint 5 much longer than joint 3, more than in K. trimaculata Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp. (compare Fig. 5 B and 5 C). Pronotum very transverse; DD anterior margin concave, posterior margin bisinuate. TI hardly inflated at the level of the tympana; outer tympana bigger than the inner one, located in a shallow groove. TIII subapical spurs short, the inner ones longer than the outer ones; inner spurs regularly longer toward TIII apex, outer spurs about equal in size; first inner subapical spur the longest, more than half the length of inner dorsal apical spur; this last spur longer than basitarsomeres III. TIII serrulation lacking between first subapical spurs and apical spurs, and between subapical spurs; above subapical spurs, outer spines: seven to eight (mean 7.5) in male; inner spines: six to seven (mean 6.5) in male. Basitarsomeres III serrulation: no inner spine in addition to apical one; 3 outer spines in male. Coloration. Head dorsum yellowish with four thin longitudinal brown lines, and a faint wider one behind the eyes; fastigium brown dorsally, ocelli ivory. Cheeks brown with a rounded yellow spot connected to a yellow line between the eye and subgenal suture. Face and clypeus brown with several yellow spots. Antennae yellowish brown, scapes with a slightly darker spot on their inner margins. Palpi light yellowish. DD brown with anterior and posterior margins light; muscular inscriptions and part of DD posterior half yellowish; LL brown, lower margin widely bordered with yellowish even along anterior and posterior margins, the distal margin black brown. Legs light yellowish, spotted and annulated with dark brown: FI, FII with a brown distal ring, several dark spots on outer side and a wider one on inner side; TI, TII with four rings, darker dorsally; FIII outer side with a distal ring, plus brown striae less regular than in K. trimaculata Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp.; FIII inner side with two transverse bands and additional spots toward the base. Basitarsomeres brown at base and apex, yellow otherwise. TIII spurs yellowish on basal half length, brown on median length, and distally yellow with dark apex. Male. Metanotum and tergites without glandular structures. FW with many small setae; venation as in K. nigricornis Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp.; harp with nine oblique, parallel veins, mirror wider than long, diagonal forked relative to the file only; apical field with six cell alignments. Stridulatory file with about 185 teeth. Apical field with five long cell alignments. Supra anal plate not elongate, with long, but without strong setae. Subgenital plate not very high, inflated laterally, distal margin hardly sinuate (Fig. 5 H). Male genitalia. Upper part of pseudepiphallus transverse and very narrow, with a short median, triangular distal process (Fig. 6 D). Lower part of pseudepiphallic sclerite short, connected laterally to the rami; with two long distal processes (Fig. 6 D) bifurcated posteriorly to midlength, with blunt apex with two small spines (Fig. 5 J); pseudepiphallic parameres spine-like (Fig. 6 D, F). Ectophallic apodemes thick, regularly curved, not raised dorsally, as long as the rami; arc sclerotized (Fig. 6 D). Ectophallic fold wide, very short, sclerotized; ventral margins greatly extended (Fig. 6 E, F). Endophallic sclerite long and very wide (Fig. 6 E). Endophallic apodeme with a long longitudinal median crest, and a pair of long, short lamellas laterally to endophallic sclerite (Fig. 6 D). Ectophallic dorsal valves lacking or very short. Female. Unknown.Published as part of Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure, 2015, Phalangopsidae crickets from Tropical Africa (Orthoptera, Grylloidea), with descriptions of new taxa and an identification key for African genera, pp. 451-496 in Zootaxa 3948 (3) on pages 473-474, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3948.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/24185
Opiliosina Desutter-Grandcolas
No full textOpiliosina Desutter-Grandcolas n. gen. Type species. Opiliosina meridionalis n. sp. Other species included. Phalangopsina squamifera Gorochov, 2003 a (according to male genitalia, see Fig. 5.13–15 in Gorochov 2003 a). Etymology. Named after the names Opilionacris Sjöstedt, synonymized with Phaeophilacris Walker, 1870 by Kaltenbach (1983), and Phalangopsina Chopard, 1933 a. Distribution. South India. Diagnosis. Size small. Fastigium wider than scape and rounded; eyes protruding (Fig. 10 E). Maxillary palpi not very elongate, but thin; joint 5 greatly widened in apical third, truncated (Fig. 11 B). Pronotum transverse (Fig. 10 E). TI without tympanum. Legs I and II very thin; TI and TII with two long apical spurs. FIII with a short apical part. TIII inner apical spurs: median and dorsal spurs greatly longer than the ventral one and subequal, the dorsal the longest; TIII outer apical spurs short; dorsal spur clearly longer than the median. TIII with four pairs of subapical spurs, the outer twice as long as the inner, and set more basally on TIII. Metanotum and tergite 1 welldeveloped, clearly larger than abdominal tergites (Fig. 10 E). Cerci slightly longer than the body. Male. FWs present and lobiform (O. squamifera: see Gorochov 2003 a, Fig. 5.10), or absent (O. meridionalis Desutter- Grandcolas n. sp.). Metanotum (O. squamifera: see Fig. 5.10 in Gorochov 2003 a) or tergite 1 (O. meridionalis Desutter-Grandcolas n. sp.) glandular; supra anal plate with elongate lateral parts. Male genitalia: Resembling those of Phalangopsina, but small, rounded and compact (Fig. 12); pseudepiphallic sclerite median lobe flat (Fig. 12 D); no rami; pseudepiphallic parameres having the shape of acute hooks (Fig. 12 B, C); epi-ectophallic invagination short dorsally; ectophallic apodemes short, divergent and high (Fig. 12 A, D); ectophallic fold very close to the pseudepiphallic sclerite, largely membranous, and deeply subdivided apically (Fig. 12 B); dorsal cavity lacking. Female. Apterous. Subgenital plate emarginate distally. Ovipositor short. Female genitalia: Copulatory papilla flat, concave, sclerotized only distally (Fig. 11 H–J). Relationships. Morphologically, this genus is very similar to Phalangopsina Chopard, 1933 a (size, transverse pronotum, no tympanum, wide fastigium, FIII shape, TIII apical and subapical spurs). Male genitalia are also similar to those of Phalangopsina, by the pseudepiphallic sclerite separate in a dorsal median lobe and two lateral parts, and the general location of pseudepiphallic parameres. Opiliosina n. gen. differs however by its short and flat pseudepiphallic median lobe (raised dorsally in Phalangopsina), the lack of an invagination between the pseudepiphallus and the epi-ectophallic invagination (present in Phalangopsina), the size and shape of pseudepiphallic parameres, the shape of ectophallic fold (long and thin in Phalangopsina), and the shape of epiectophallic invagination, ectophallic apodemes, endophallic sclerite and endophallic apodeme. Habitat. Unknown. Description. Small species with thin legs and a short body (Fig. 10 D). Head. Fastigium wider than the scape; ocelli settled as a wide triangle, the distance between median ocellus and one lateral ocellus slightly longer than the distance between the lateral ocelli. Eyes protruding (Fig. 10 E). Maxillary palpi not particularly elongate, but thin; joint 5 greatly widened in apical third (Fig. 11 B), well longer than joint 3. Scape longer than wide (Fig. 11 A). Pronotum. Transverse, the anterior angles of lateral lobes only slightly raised dorsally (Fig. 10 E). Mesonotum mostly hidden under pronotum. Metanotum and tergite 1 elongate. Legs. All very thin. TI without tympanum; two long and thin apical spurs, the inner the longest. TII with two long and thin apical spurs, the inner the longest. FIII filiform on a various apical length. TIII with four pairs of subapical spurs, the outers longer and located higher on tibia, than the inners; outer subapical spur 1 the shortest; three pairs of apical spurs, the dorsal spur the longest on both sides (Fig. 11 C, D); inner median and dorsal spurs very long; outer dorsal spur about twice as long as the median; TIII serrulated on both inner and outer margins, but with few spines. Basitarsomeres all very long; basitarsomeres III with two rows of dorsal spines, the inner row reduced or lacking. Male. Metanotum (O. squamifera, see Fig. 5.10 in Gorochov 2003 a) or tergite 1 (O. meridionalis Desutter- Grandcolas n. sp.) glandular. FWs short and not overlapping (O. squamifera) or lacking. Supra anal plate wider than long; lateral sides more or less elongate (Fig. 11 E). Subgenital plate not very short; a shallow longitudinal distal furrow (Fig. 11 F). Male genitalia. Small, rounded and compact. Pseudepiphallic sclerite with a short, rounded and flat median part, almost transverse in O. squamifera, and two short and wide lateral sclerites; rami lacking; pseudepiphallic parameres having the shape of acute, curved hooks (Fig. 12). Epi-ectophallic invagination very short. Ectophallic apodemes short and divergent. Ectophallic fold very close to the pseudepiphallic sclerite, membranous, except laterally close to its base. Endophallic sclerite U-shaped and endophallic sclerite crest-like (in O. meridionalis Desutter-Grandcolas n. sp. only?). Dorsal cavity lacking. Female. Apterous. Ovipositor very slightly widened at apex; valves without ornementation apically. Female genitalia. Copulatory papilla more or less flat and sclerotized (Fig. 11 I–J).Published as part of Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure & Jaiswara, Ranjana, 2012, Phalangopsidae crickets from the Indian Region (Orthoptera, Grylloidea), with the descriptions of new taxa, diagnoses for genera, and a key to Indian genera, pp. 1-39 in Zootaxa 3444 on pages 27-28, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20904
Phasmagryllus Desutter-Grandcolas
No full textGenus Phasmagryllus Desutter-Grandcolas, n. gen. (Figs 8–11) Type species. Phasmagryllus elegans Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp. Etymology. From phasma, meaning ghost in Greek. Genus named after its delicate movements, and ghostly appearance. Distribution. Known only from Tanzania (eastern Usambara mountains). Diagnosis. Very small species with contrasted coloration (head orange, antennae bicolor with a wide white ring, legs and body dark brown: Figs 8, 11). Head large, with small, not protruding eyes (Fig. 8 B), very wide fastigium (Fig. 8 B) and very elongate maxillary palpi (Figs 8 C, 9 A). TI with a small, inner tympanum and no outer tympanum. TIII with three pairs of apical spurs, the upper ones the longest on both sides; four pairs of subapical spurs (Fig. 8 D), the first ones the smallest on both sides, the second ones the longest; these spurs alternate and almost aligned in only one row; serrulation sparse above spurs, almost lacking between spurs; all tarsomeres very long, the basitarsomeres III very elongate. FWs present in both males (Fig. 8) and females (Fig. 11), not covering the whole abdomen, not widened in males. Male with a complete stridulum (Figs 8 E, 9 A): harp wider than long, crossed by few oblique parallel veins; mirror crossed by one transverse vein; a distinct transverse cell under the mirror; lateral field with few parallel veins (Fig. 9 C). Metanotum and tergites with possibly glandular structures (Fig. 8 F). Subgenital plate short and squared (Figs 8 G, 9 D–F). Male genitalia (Fig. 10) with asymetrical pseudepiphallic processes, each with a hollow spherical base, and each bifid distally, one of these going far beyond distal margin of subgenital plate (Fig. 8, arrows); pseudepiphallic parameres well-developed and partly sclerotized; short rami; ectophallic fold very short and membranous; ectophallic apodemes well-developed but short; endophallic sclerite short with a pair of lamellae like apodemes. Female with short, slightly overlapping FWs (Figs 9 G, 11 A, C), with few parallel, convex veins. Subgenital plate transverse (Fig. 9 I). Ovipositor flattened laterally, the apex smooth and not widened (Fig. 11 D). Female genitalia as on Fig. 9 J. Description. Very small and delicate species (Figs 8 A, 11 A, B), resembling the unrelated Guianese genus Philippopsis Desutter-Grandcolas, 1992 in appearance and contrasted coloration, but still thinner. Very setose. Head very long and large, rounded. Vertex with many strong, widely separate setae. Fastigium very wide, not separate from the vertex (Fig. 8 B, C), but slanting. Ocelli small, widely apart (Fig. 8 C); distance between the median and one lateral ocellus smaller than the distance between the lateral ocelli; median ocellus in apical position. Eyes small, not protruding, well apart from each other (Fig. 8 B). Maxillary palpi very elongate for the subfamily (Figs 8 C, 9 A); joint 3 well shorter than joint 4, which is smaller than joint 5; joint 5 concave dorsally, slightly widened toward apex, truncate obliquely over nearly half its length. Scapes slightly longer than wide (Fig. 8 B). Pronotum (Fig. 8 B) transverse, rounded; DD anterior margin slightly concave, posterior margin more concave: lateral lobes squared. Legs very thin but not very elongate (Figs 8 A, 11 A, B). TI with a inner tympanum, small, oval, obliterate; outer tympanum lacking; two ventral apical spurs. TII with two ventral apical spurs. TIII (Fig. 8 D) with three inner and three outer apical spurs, the ventral the smallest and the dorsal the longest on both sides; inner dorsal spur the longest, about as long as half basitarsomere III. TIII with four pairs of subapical spurs, alternate, but almost aligned on one row; subapical spurs all small, growing longer toward TIII apex, except for the first subapical spur, the smallest; serrulation very sparse, almost lacking between subapical spurs. Tarsomeres long, the basitarsomere III very elongate. Abdomen as collapsed distally, short with narrow tergites. Cerci not particularly long. Coloration. Species dark brown with contrasted coloration (Figs 8 B, 11 A) on head, DD and antennae. Male. Metanotum with a pair of high median buds, flattened apically (Fig. 8 F). Tergites two to five clearly convex along their distal margin, with concave areas near their anterior margins. FWs covering about half abdomen only (Fig. 8 A), somewhat thickened; cell limits on FW surface very strongly marked (Fig. 8 E); FW lateral margins almost parallel, the FWs not widened at the mirror level (Fig. 8 E). Stridulatory apparatus complete, with functional file (Fig. 9 B): harp wider than long, crossed by few parallel, oblique veins; mirror crossed by one transverse vein; chords occupying a large part of the FWs, the chord 1 widely apart from chords 2 and 3; one transverse cell under the mirror; apical field almost lacking. Lateral field well developed, but shorter than the dorsal field (Fig. 8 H); few parallel, longitudinal veins (Fig. 9 C). HWs bud like. Supra anal plate without strong bristles (Fig. 8 I). Subgenital plate short, wide, truncate (Fig. 8 G, H). Male genitalia. Fig. 9. Small, asymmetrical. Pseudepiphallic sclerite transverse, H-shaped, prolonged lateroventrally by a sclerotization facing the rami (Fig. 9, v.ps.); connected to the rami by a thin, lateral sclerite; rami small and dejected ventrally. A pair of median rounded lobes, located distally to the pseudepiphallic sclerite; brisling with small spikes on inner face. A pair of disto-lateral huge pseudepiphallic structures, with a rounded and hollowed anterior part, and a bifid distal part; this bifid part with a short inner lobe and a spine-like outer lobe; left and right inner lobes facing each other; right spine-like lobe short, left one extremely elongate, prolonged far beyond subgenital distal margin (Figs 9 D, F, 10). Pseudepiphallic parameres located in central position between these pseudepiphallic structures, plicated, with a ribbon-like sclerotization. Ectophallic fold very short, triangular and membranous. Ectophallic apodemes quite long; arc complete. No developped ectophallic dorsal valves. Ventral valves extremely reduced. Endophallic sclerite 3 -pronged distally. Endophallic apodemes with a pair of short lamellae. A pair of half-circled transverse sclerites between the endophallic sclerite and the tip of ectophallic fold. Female. FWs very short and hardly overlapping (Fig. 11 C); venation made of convex longitudinal veins only (Fig. 9 G); lateral field very narrow (Fig. 9 H). Subgenital plate transverse, distal margin bisinuate (Fig. 9 I). Ovipositor flattened laterally; apex not widened and not ornemented (Fig. 11 B, D). Female genitalia. In Phasmagryllus elegans Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp., copulatory papilla having the shape of a circular sclerite, which membranous center is prolonged by a short and wide, plicated duct (Fig. 9 J). Phylogenetic relationships. By its morphology, and more specifically by its head shape (fastigium, ocelli), TIII shape, subapical spurs and serrulation, and male genitalia, Phasmagryllus Desutter-Grandcolas, n. gen. is close to other African Phaloriinae, even though its body shape and way of life resemble other non phaloriine Phalangopsidae such as Philippopsis or Phalangopsis Serville, 1831 in the Neotropical Region, or the African Phaeophilacris Walker, 1871. These latter genera are straminicolous and cavicolous, foraging at night in the leaf litter, and hiding during the day in cavities at ground level such as burrows or hollow trees (Desutter-Grandcolas 1992, 1995, pers. obs.). Convergence in body shape due to common habitat might have occurred between Phasmagryllus Desutter-Grandcolas, n. gen. on one hand, and other "truly" long-legged crickets such as Philippopsis, Phalangopsis, Phaeophilacris and the like.Published as part of Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure, 2015, Phalangopsidae crickets from Tropical Africa (Orthoptera, Grylloidea), with descriptions of new taxa and an identification key for African genera, pp. 451-496 in Zootaxa 3948 (3) on pages 475-476, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3948.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/24185
Aclodini Desutter-Grandcolas 1992
No full textTribe Aclodini Desutter-Grandcolas, 1992 Comments. This tribe was proposed by Desutter-Grandcolas (1992), initially as the group “Aclodae”, including Aclodes Hebard, 1928, Paraclodes Desutter-Grandcolas, 1992 and Uvaroviella Chopard, 1923. The author defines the group and suggests that two species of Heterogryllus Saussure, 1874, H. crassicornis Saussure, 1878, and H. bordoni Chopard, 1970, were located in Aclodes and Paraclodes, respectively. Desutter-Grandcolas (1992), mentions that Heterogryllus only includes H. ocellaris Saussure, 1874, represented by a female collected in Brazil, without precise locality, and that, due to its morphological characteristics, it should be included in Neoaclini (sensu Desutter 1987). Nischk & Otte (2000) described several taxa for Ecuador, one species for Paraclodes and three species for Aclodes. Otte (2006) describes five additional species from Costa Rica. Otte & Perez-Gelabert (2009) added 16 species to Uvaroviella, distributed on several Caribbean islands. Subsequently, several taxa described by the above authors will be reassigned to other genera or synonymized, and not all species will retain their original combinations. Gorochov (2007) proposed that the Aclodae group comprises a single genus. Uvaroviella, the oldest genus, retained generic status, the others as subgenera: four originally described as genera (Acla Hebard, 1928, Aclodes, Paraclodes, and Uvaroviella s.s.) and five as new subgenera (Subacla, Euacla, Reacla, Holacla, and Topacla). The same author adds six species in Uvaroviella s.l., and keeps this taxon in the tribe Phalangopsini; for Paragryllini, it gives a new status, including subtribes described as tribes by Desutter (Paragryllina s.s., Neoaclina and Strogulomorphina). This contribution initiated some synonymization of taxa described by Otte and other authors (Gorochov 2011). Gorochov (2014) proposed a classification for the Phalangopsinae subfamily group. Uvaroviella and Heterogryllus are included in the subtribe Heterogryllina (Phalangopsini), sugesting the probable relationship between both taxa, and indicating that Aclodae is probably junior synonym of Heterogryllina (Gorochov 2014, 2015). Desutter-Grandcolas (2014) officially proposed Acla, as a synonym of Aclodes, something that apparently was missing in the author’s contribution of 1992, where A. crassicornis (Saussure, 1878) is included in Aclodes, without any formal nomenclatural act. Recently, Desutter-Grandcolas & Faberon (2020) revalidated and elevated Aclodini (=Aclodae) to tribal status and provided the initial opinion on the position of Heterogryllus and the non-relationship with the other Aclodini (Desutter-Grandcolas 1992). Likewise, they contrast with the Chintauan-Marquier et al. (2016) molecular study and other unpublished studies, highlighting that the Aclodini are a well-defined monophyletic clade within the Paragryllinae, thus supporting the new tribal status (Desutter-Grandcolas 2014, Desutter-Grandcolas & Faberon 2020). Also, they morphologically redefine Aclodini, returning to the 1992 classification, assigning generic status to Aclodes and Paraclodes, and synonymizing all the subgenera proposed by Gorochov (2007). They emphasize the incomplete study of morphological characters and that monophyly was not reflected in Gorochov’s proposal (Desutter-Grandcolas & Faberon 2020). As noted in the history of the classification of the Aclodae / Aclodini / Heterogryllina, cricket taxonomy remains in constant debate and turmoil. At the Neotropical level, it is based on the classification proposed either by Desutter-Grandcolas or Gorochov. Based on the author a tribe can be a genus or subtribe, and according to the opinion of some other authors the taxa can be in different subfamilies (Cadena-Castañeda & Tíjaro 2020, Cadena-Castañeda & García García 2020, Cadena-Castañeda et al. 2021b).Published as part of Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Quintana-Arias, Ronald Fernando, Rodríguez, Diana Marcela Tru- Jillo, Sarmiento, Juan Pablo Prias & Castellanos-Morales, Cesar A., 2022, Studies on Neotropical crickets: Aclodes paz n. sp. a new phalangopsid cricket (Orthoptera: Phalangopsidae) from the Santander caves, Colombia, pp. 568-580 in Zootaxa 5141 (6) on page 570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5141.6.3, http://zenodo.org/record/659803
Zebragryllus intermedius Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp.
No full text<i>Zebragryllus intermedius</i> Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp. <p>(Figs 2 K, 3G, 4I, J, 5D, 7E–I, 8D)</p> <p>http://lsid.speciesfile.org/urn:lsid: Orthoptera.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:464247</p> <p> <b>Type locality.</b> Peru, Loreto, Iquitos.</p> <p> <b>Type material. Holotype:</b> Peru, Loreto, Iquitos, Route de Nauta, km 9, 1 male, 29.viii.1985, jour, L. Desutter (MNHN-EO-ENSIF3187). <b>Allotype:</b> same data as the holotype, 1 female, jour (MNHN-EO-ENSIF3188). <b>Paratypes. 2 males, 2 females:</b> Same data as the holotype, 1 male, 1 female (MNHN-EO-ENSIF3189, 3190); same locality as the holotype, 1 female, 30.viii.1985, jour, L. Desutter (MNHN-EO-ENSIF3191). Peru, Route de Nauta, km 5, 1 male, 30.viii.1985, jour, L. Desutter (MNHN-EO-ENSIF3281).</p> <p> <b>Additional specimens examined.</b> Same data as the holotype, 1 juvenile female, 27.viii.1985, jour, L. Desutter. MNHN.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Western Amazonia, Peru (dept. Loreto).</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> Species named after its pattern of coloration, intermediate between dark species and ”zebra” species.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Species very close to <i>Z. fuscus</i> Desutter-Grandcolas, <b>n. sp.</b>, from which it can be separated by its bigger size and its white pattern of FIII outer side (Fig. 3 G). It can be separated from other ”zebra” species by the lack of transverse white band on FIII, and white tergite in females (Fig. 5 D). Male genitalia only slightly different from <i>Z. fuscus</i> Desutter-Grandcolas, <b>n. sp.</b> Female copulatory papilla short, its distal margin distinctly concave and distal angles acute (Fig. 7 E, F).</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> In addition to the characters of the genus. Base of antennae (30–36 antennomeres, mean 33 in males and females) and the scape dark brown, before a short white white ring (14–16 antennomeres). Basitarsomeres III with 4–5 inner, and 5–7 in males (mean 6.2) and 5–6 in females (mean 5.8) outer dorsal spines, in addition to apical ones. Head and body coloration shining black; maxillary palpi black brown; cerci black, somewhat lighter at base, but without a distinct clear basal ring; FI and FII black, with sometimes an indistinct lighter area on outer side; TI and TII somewhat reddish; FIII with a whitish band along outer margin, and an oblique one near outer basis; TIII dark reddish brown, with lighter spurs.</p> <p> <b>Male:</b> FW not covering the tip of subgenital plate; mirror as in <i>Z. fuscus</i> Desutter-Grandcolas <b>n. sp.</b>; stridulatory file with about 106 teeth (n=1). Subgenital plate as on Fig. 2 K.</p> <p> <b>Male genitalia:</b> Very close to that of <i>Z. fuscus</i> Desutter-Grandcolas, <b>n. sp.</b> (compare Fig. 4 G, H and 3I, J), but distal margin of pseudepiphallic parameres more straight, and median lophi slightly longer and less curved dorsally.</p> <p> <b>Female:</b> Apterous. Abdomen shining black without white pattern (Fig. 5 D). Subgenital plate wider than long, deeply concave distally; with acute and protruding lateral angles (Fig. 7 E, F).</p> <p> <b>Female genitalia.</b> Copulatory papilla short, subquadrangular, and somewhat thick; apex slightly concave (Fig. 7 G–I).</p> <p> <b>Measurements (in mm).</b></p> <p> <b>Calling song.</b> One male has been recorded in the field at 27°C (MNHN-EO-ENSIF3187). The calling song (Fig. 8 D) is comprised of series of short echemes. Echeme duration is 0.05 ms, echeme period is 0.12±0.01 ms and duty cycle is 41%. Each echeme is composed of 3 syllables each with the duration of 0.01 ms, period 0.02 and the duty cycle is 50%; the dominant frequency of the calling song is 6.1 kHz.</p>Published as part of <i>Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure, Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Jaiswara, Ranjana & Anso, Jeremy, 2014, Zebragryllus Desutter-Grandcolas & Cadena-Casteñada, n. gen. a new Gryllinae genus from Eastern and Western Amazonia, South America (Orthoptera, Grylloidea, Gryllidae), pp. 1-22 in Zootaxa 3768 (1)</i> on pages 19-20, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3768.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/285592">http://zenodo.org/record/285592</a>
FIGURE 6 in Zebragryllus Desutter-Grandcolas & Cadena-Casteñada, n. gen. a new Gryllinae genus from Eastern and Western Amazonia, South America (Orthoptera, Grylloidea, Gryllidae)
No full textFIGURE 6. Zebragryllus Desutter-Grandcolas and Cadena-Castañeda, n. gen.: Female subgenital plate (ventral, lateral) and copulatory papilla (dorsal, ventral, lateral) in: Z. wittoto Desutter-Grandcolas and Cadena-Castañeda, n. sp. (A–E), Z. guianensis Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp. (F–J), Z. nouragui Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp. (K, L, S–U); idem, one female from Arataye, saut Parare (M, N, V–X); idem, one female from Saül (O, P, Y–A'); idem, one female from Cayenne, Mahury mountain (Q, R, B'–D'). Scales 1 mm.Published as part of Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure, Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Jaiswara, Ranjana & Anso, Jeremy, 2014, Zebragryllus Desutter-Grandcolas & Cadena-Casteñada, n. gen. a new Gryllinae genus from Eastern and Western Amazonia, South America (Orthoptera, Grylloidea, Gryllidae), pp. 1-22 in Zootaxa 3768 (1) on page 16, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3768.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/28559
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