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Glycan profiles of the male donkey urethra
No full textThe urethra of the male has a dual function, acting as a route foe urine and seme
Effects of GLUBRAN-2 on the Burst Pressure of Jejunal Loops Thermofused With Vessel Sealing Devices
No full textBackground: Off-label use of radiofrequency vessel sealing devices for intestinal thermofusion has been reported as an alternate approach for closing the small and large intestines. The study aimed to evaluate if reinforcing the thermofusion line with a modified N-butyl-2-CyanoAcrylate and methacryloxysulpholane produced improved burst pressure values in ex vivo swine jejunal loops. Materials and Method: A suture-less full-thickness jejunal biopsy was performed with different radiofrequency vessel-sealing devices (Ligasure 5 mm: RFVS-1; Atlast 10 mm: RFVS-2; Cayman Maryland: RFVS-3), and reinforcement with modified cyanoacrylate Glubran-2 (G2) at the thermofusion defect was applied. Burst pressure(BP) values were compared with a control group, wherein a cold blade was utilized to obtain the biopsy, followed by the closing of the jejunum with seven Gambee sutures. Results: Seventy (n = 70) jejunal loop samples were distributed into the experimental groups.The RFVS-1 and -2 groups exhibited BP values similar to those of the suture group. The RFVS-3 group showed significantly lower BP values (P < 0.05) than the suture group. Conversely, in the groups wherein G2 was applied, all BP values were comparable to those of the suture group. BP test in the RFVS-3G2 group showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher values in the group using the same instrument without the glue (RFVS-3). Conclusions: G2 has been shown to improve the BP on the defects created by instruments that are not completely efficient in intestinal thermofusion and sealing. This experimental model showed that the performance of full-thickness biopsies with RFVS devices and reinforcement with G2 provide feasible and promising results
Differential glycopattern in the horse pelvic and penile urethra epithelium
No full textThe urethra of the male has a dual function acting as a route for urine and semen. Often the male urethra corresponds to the preferntial entrance for pathogenic agents that can affect both the...
Glycoconjugates during the annual sexual cycle in lizard epididymal ductuli efferentes: A histochemical study
No full textThe epididymal ductuli efferentes of the lizard Podarcis sicula campestris De Betta are lined with simple, columnar, nonciliated and ciliated cells. The use of lectin histochemistry has provided information about changes of sugars associated with glycoconjugates of epithelial cells and intraluminal spermatozoa which are conveyed from the longitudinal canal to the cranial region of the ductus epididymis. Epithelial cells exhibited residues of α-D-tnannose, N-acetylglucosamine, and β-D-galactose-(1-4)-N-acetylglucosamine as revealed with lectins Con A. WGA and RCA120 respectively, throughout the sexual cycle. An increase of RCA120 staining was observed on microvilli of nonciliated cells and in the cytoplasm of ciliated cells during the reproductive period. However, during the following refractory period, when the organ was in regression, there was a decreased staining with Con A on microvilli and the absorbent surface of nonciliated cells, with WGA in nonciliated cells and the cytoplasm of ciliated cells, and with RCA120 on microvilli and the cytoplasm of both cell types. Terminal α-D-galactose residues were increasingly stained from autumn up to the reproductive period with BS I-B4 on microvilli, the absorbent surface and cilia, whereas they were entirely lacking during the refractory period. UEA I revealed α-L-fucose residues on the absorbent surface of nonciliated cells during the abortive and reproductive periods, increasing in the latter period when cilia also expressed this sugar. Terminal α/β-D-N-acetylgalactosamine was evidenced with SBA on the absorbent surface of nonciliated cells during the reproductive period. The terminal β-D-galactose-(1-3)-N-acetylgalaclosamine dimer was never found with PNA, whereas O- and N-linked sialoglycoconjugates were present only during the reproductive period. The spermatozoa head exhibited N-linked glycaos with high-mannose content, and β-D-galactose-(1-4)-N-acetylglucosamine as well as O- and N-linked sialoglycoconjugates throughout the year. During the reproductive period, oligosaccharides with α-D-mannose residues increased, and oligosaccharides with terminal α-D-galactose, α-L-fucose and sialic acid-N-acetylgalactosamine dimer were also present. Unlike spermatozoa of seminiferous tubules, the spermatozoa head of the lizard epididymal ductuli efferentes exhibited seasonal variability in the lectin binding pattern which may be related to time-dependent changes in the glycoconjugate profiles of epithelial cells
Immunohistochemical localization of FSH and LH in the pituitary of male ruin lizards (Podarcis sicula campestris De Betta)
No full textThe pars distalis from the pituitary gland of adult male ruin lizards (Podarcis sicula campestris De Betta), captured during the reproductive period (May and June), was studied immunohistochemically using specific antibodies against hFSHβ, hLHβ and oLHβ with the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) procedure to determine the localization of both gonadotropins The immunostaining with anti-hFSHβ and anti-hLHβ allowed identification of morphologically distinct FSH containing cells and LH containing cells, whereas anti-oLHβ serum showed cross-reactivity with cells immunostained with the anti-hFSHβ and anti-hLHβ sera. The gonadotropic cells took up approximatively 10.5% of the area of the pars distalis: 10% was positive for FSH, whereas only 0.5% was positive for LH. The FSH cells were distributed throughout the pars distalis, whereas the LH cells were only located in the rostral region. Double-immunostaining procedure did not reveal cells containing both gonadotropic hormones. The findings indicate that FSH and LH are produced in separate pituitary cells
Le garanzie processuali per gli stranieri vittime di caporalato
No full textLa tutela processuale delle vittime si compone di una griglia di garanzie tese a proteggerle da una nuova vittimizzazione determinata dalla loro partecipazione al processo; il diritto all’informazione, l’assistenza linguistica, le regole speciali per l’assunzione delle loro dichiarazioni, la tutela risarcitoria sono alcuni dei presidi predisposti dall’ordinamento che verranno analizzati per evidenziarne l’idoneità a salvaguardare gli interessi di cui sono portatrici talune vittime particolarmente vulnerabili, segnatamente le persone straniere oggetto di sfruttamento lavorativo a cagione del loro stato di bisognoThe procedural protection of victims encompasses a set of guarantees designed
to shield them from subsequent victimisation precipitated by their participation in
the criminal trial; the right to information, linguistic assistance, specialised protocols
for examination, and measures for compensation are some of the safeguards provided
by the legal system that will be analysed in order to highlight their suitability
in upholding the interests of certain particularly vulnerable victims, notably foreign
individuals subjected to labour exploitation owing to their condition of nee
Connatal (fetal) hydrocephalus - an acquired pathology?
No full textWe investigated the etiology of hydrocephalus present at birth, i.e. of fetal hydrocephalus. Both inherited and dysraphic major malformations are very rare. Intraventricular hemorrhages and viral infections during pregnancy are among the proposed etiologies; they are supported more by anatomical, physiopathological and experimental findings than by clinical evidence. Cases of fetal intraventricular hemorrhages cited in the literature are anecdotical, and the reports fail to identify maternal or fetal predisposing factors. The role of viruses in the etiology of connatal hydrocephalus has been postulated on the basis of epidemiological considerations in human pathology and of a considerable amount of experimental studies in animals. Investigations were generally focused on aqueduct ependyma, but research should also address other structures involved in the genesis of hydrocephalus (choroid plexus, extraventricular CSF pathways, including arachnoid villi). Furthermore, experimental evidence has emerged concerning a number of toxins and of drugs administered during pregnancy, which are thought to be involved in the genesis of hydrocephalus: once more, the conclusions reached in these experimental trials lend further credence to the human epidemiological data linking pregnancy disturbances with fetal hydrocephalus. Since most of these toxic agents are also thought to induce major malformations, we could assume the degree of their effect to depend on the embryonal stage affected: the earlier the action, the worse the malformatio
Age-related changes in the primary motor cortex of newborn to adult domestic pig sus scrofa domesticus
Full text linkThe pig has been increasingly used as a suitable animal model in translational neuroscience. However, several features of the fast-growing, immediately motor-competent cerebral cortex of this species have been adequately described. This study analyzes the cytoarchitecture of the primary motor cortex (M1) of newborn, young and adult pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus). Moreover, we investigated the distribution of the neural cells expressing the calcium-binding proteins (CaBPs) (calretinin, CR; parvalbumin, PV) throughout M1. The primary motor cortex of newborn piglets was characterized by a dense neuronal arrangement that made the discrimination of the cell layers difficult, except for layer one. The absence of a clearly recognizable layer four, typical of the agranular cortex, was noted in young and adult pigs. The morphometric and immunohistochemical analy-ses revealed age-associated changes characterized by (1) thickness increase and neuronal density (number of cells/mm2 of M1) reduction during the first year of life; (2) morphological changes of CR-immunoreactive neurons in the first months of life; (3) higher density of CR-and PV-immunopositive neurons in newborns when compared to young and adult pigs. Since most of the present findings match with those of the human M1, this study strengthens the growing evidence that the brain of the pig can be used as a potentially valuable translational animal model during growth and development
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