427 research outputs found
PiCO QL: A software library for runtime interactive queries on program data
No full textAbstractPico ql is an open source c/c++ software whose scientific scope is real-time interactive analysis of in-memory data through sql queries. It exposes a relational view of a system’s or application’s data structures, which is queryable through sql. While the application or system is executing, users can input queries through a web-based interface or issue web service requests. Queries execute on the live data structures through the respective relational views. pico ql makes a good candidate for ad-hoc data analysis in applications and for diagnostics in systems settings. Applications of pico ql include the Linux kernel, the Valgrind instrumentation framework, a gis application, a virtual real-time observatory of stellar objects, and a source code analyser
Mass rock creep and landsliding on the Huangtupo slope in the reservoir area of the Three Gorges Project, Yangtze River, China
No full textLignin bioconversion based on genome mining for ligninolytic genes in Erwinia billingiae QL-Z3
No full textAbstract Background Bioconversion of plant biomass into biofuels and bio-products produces large amounts of lignin. The aromatic biopolymers need to be degraded before being converted into value-added bio-products. Microbes can be environment-friendly and efficiently degrade lignin. Compared to fungi, bacteria have some advantages in lignin degradation, including broad tolerance to pH, temperature, and oxygen and the toolkit for genetic manipulation. Results Our previous study isolated a novel ligninolytic bacterial strain Erwinia billingiae QL-Z3. Under optimized conditions, its rate of lignin degradation was 25.24% at 1.5 g/L lignin as the sole carbon source. Whole genome sequencing revealed 4556 genes in the genome of QL-Z3. Among 4428 protein-coding genes are 139 CAZyme genes, including 54 glycoside hydrolase (GH) and 16 auxiliary activity (AA) genes. In addition, 74 genes encoding extracellular enzymes are potentially involved in lignin degradation. Real-time PCR quantification demonstrated that the expression of potential ligninolytic genes were significantly induced by lignin. 8 knock-out mutants and complementary strains were constructed. Disruption of the gene for ELAC_205 (laccase) as well as EDYP_48 (Dyp-type peroxidase), ESOD_1236 (superoxide dismutase), EDIO_858 (dioxygenase), EMON_3330 (monooxygenase), or EMCAT_3587 (manganese catalase) significantly reduced the lignin-degrading activity of QL-Z3 by 47–69%. Heterologously expressed and purified enzymes further confirmed their role in lignin degradation. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results indicated that the lignin structure was damaged, the benzene ring structure and groups of macromolecules were opened, and the chemical bond was broken under the action of six enzymes encoded by genes. The abundant enzymatic metabolic products by EDYP_48, ELAC_205 and ESOD_1236 were systematically analyzed via liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) analysis, and then provide a speculative pathway for lignin biodegradation. Finally, The activities of ligninolytic enzymes from fermentation supernatant, namely, LiP, MnP and Lac were 367.50 U/L, 839.50 U/L, and 219.00 U/L by orthogonal optimization. Conclusions Our findings provide that QL-Z3 and its enzymes have the potential for industrial application and hold great promise for the bioconversion of lignin into bioproducts in lignin valorization
Individual stress responses of white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum) to transport: implication for a differential management
No full textPhysiological stress in captive wild animals may be caused by stressors such as capture, handling, and transport. Continuous strong stimulation may induce a long-term physiological stress in captive wild animals after transport. Fecal Glucocorticosteroid Metabolites (FGM), vital signs and behavioral changes were used to establish stress responses of white rhinoceros during a translocation process. The result indicated that the overall FGM increased significantly (p < 0.05) during transport compared to FGM baseline concentration established in two rhino breeding centers. Respiratory rate, heart rate, and body temperature were significantly increased during capture and transport. Grouping and aggressive behavior increased after transport, reflecting the acclimatization to the new social environment. Feeding also increased probably due to increased energy consumption during transport. The overall FGM concentration increased during capture and transport but normalized within an average period of 32 days after transport. Individual differences were attributed to previous transport experience and the ability of intrinsic control through increased adrenaline levels. Recommendations to improve the management and welfare of captive white rhinoceros on transport are provided. © 2019 The Author
Protective effects of flavonoids from corn silk on oxidative stress induced by exhaustive exercise in mice
No full textThe present study aims at exploring the effects of flavonoids from corn silk (FCS) on oxidative stress induced by exhaustive exercise in mice. Sixty mice were randomized into 3 groups: Low-dose FCS treatment group (LFG), high-dose FCS treatment group (HFG) and control group (CG). The mice were treated with FCS (100 and 400 mg/kg) or placebo (distilled water) by daily oral gavage for 28 days. After the last treatment, animals were submitted to treadmill for exhaustion and running time, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) levels were measured. The results suggested that FCS could elevate the exercise tolerance of mice, and provide protection against oxidative stress induced by exhaustive exercise in mice, by inhibiting lipid per-oxidation and increasing anti-oxidant enzymes levels.Key words: Flavonoids from corn silk, oxidative stress, exhaustive exercise, mic
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