30 research outputs found
Anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of crude root extract and solvent fractions of Cucumis ficifolius in mice model
No full textDesalegn Getnet Demsie,1,2 Ebrahim M Yimer,1 Abera Hadgu Berhe,1 Birhanetensay Masresha Altaye,3 Derbew Fikadu Berhe11Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia; 2Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia; 3Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, EthiopiaBackground: Societies in developing countries use traditional medicine as alternatives for management of pain and inflammation. The plant Cucumis ficifolius has been used in Ethiopia to treat many ailments including inflammation and pain. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the crude root extract and solvent fractions of C. ficifolius.Methods: The analgesic activity of crude extract and solvent fractions of C. ficifolius was evaluated with acetic acid-induced writhing, hot plate, and formalin-induced paw licking tests. The anti-inflammatory effect of crude methanolic root extract and solvent fractions of C. ficifolius was evaluated using carrageenan-induced paw edema. The crude extract was given at 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg. Butanol and aqueous fractions were given at 100 and 200 mg/kg doses. The negative control groups were treated with distilled water (10 mL/kg). Standard drugs used wereacetylsalicylic acid(ASA) in acetic acid, formalin tests and carrageenan-induced paw edema and morphine (20 mg/kg) in hot plate test.Results: The crude extract, at its maximum dose, produced comparable analgesic activity (72.5%) to ASA in acetic acid writhing test. In the hot plate test, both the crude extract and solvent fractions exhibited a significant prolongation of nociception reaction time. Formalin test result indicated a significant reduction of mean lick time with maximal protection of 64% (early phase) and 83% (late phase). Aqueous and butanol fractions showed good analgesic activity in the three models. Inflammation was decreased by 69% with butanol (200 mg/kg); 71% (800 mg/kg) of crude extract and by 41% and 56% with the use of aqueous fraction at 100 and 200 mg/kg, respectively (p<0.001).Conclusion: The present study indicates that the crude methanolic root extract, as well as butanol and aqueous solvent fractions, showed anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities.Keywords: hot plate test, writhing test, paw edema, formalin test, carrageenan, 80% methano
Effectiveness of Propofol versus Dexamethasone for Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Ear, Nose, and Throat Surgery in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital and Yekatit 12th Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
No full textBackground. Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) remain as common and unpleasant and highly distressful experience following ear, nose, and throat surgery. During ENT surgery, the incidence of PONV could be significantly reduced in patients who receive dexamethasone and propofol as prophylaxis. However, the comparative effectiveness of the two drugs has not been assessed. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of propofol and dexamethasone for prevention of PONV in ear, nose, and throat surgery. Methods. This study was conducted in 80 patients, with ASA I and II, aged 18–65 years, and scheduled for ENT surgery between December 20, 2017, and March 20, 2018. Patients were randomly assigned to Group A and Group B. Immediately after the procedure, Group A patients received single dose of intravenous (IV) dexamethasone (10 mg/kg) and Group B patients were given propofol (0.5 mg/kg, IV), and equal follow-up was employed. The incidence of PONV was noted at 6th, 12th, and 24th hour of drug administration. Independent t-test and Mann–Whitney test were used for comparison of symmetric numerical and asymmetric data between groups, respectively. Categorical data were analyzed with the chi-square test, and p value of < 0.05 was considered as level of significance. Results. The incidences of PONV throughout the 24-hour postoperative period were 35% in the propofol group and 25% in the dexamethasone group. Statistical significance was found in incidence of PONV (0% versus 22.5%) and use of antiemetic (0% versus 5%) between dexamethasone and propofol groups, respectively, at 12–24 hours. Over 24 hours, 5% in dexamethasone group and 12.5% in propofol group developed moderate PONV, while none of the participants felt severe PONV. Conclusions. Dexamethasone was more effective than propofol to prevent PONV with lower requirements of rescue antiemetics
Prevalence of in-hospital mortality among adult patients with diabetic ketoacidosis in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
No full textBackgroundDiabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is one of the most common life-threatening acute metabolic complications of diabetes, typically associated with disability, mortality, and significant health costs for all societies. In Ethiopia, available studies on in-hospital mortality rates of people living with DKA have shown high variability. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aims to summarize and provide quantitative estimates of the prevalence of in-hospital mortality among adult people living with DKA treated in Ethiopian hospitals.MethodologyA systematic literature search was conducted using MEDLINE, Embase, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Africa-specific databases. Data were extracted in a structured format prepared using Microsoft Excel. The extracted data were exported to R software Version 4.3.0 for analysis. The I2 test was used to check the heterogeneity between primary studies with a corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). Based on the test result, a random-effects meta-analysis model was used to estimate Der Simonian and Laird’s pooled effect on in-hospital mortality.ResultThe review included a total of 5 primary studies. The pooled prevalence of in-hospital mortality among people living with DKA who received treatment in Ethiopia hospitals was found to be 7% (95% CI: 1-12). Most of the included studies reported that nonadherence to insulin treatment followed by infection was the most common triggering factor for the development of DKA.ConclusionThe prevalence of in-hospital mortality among people living with DKA was found to be 7%. This figure is unacceptably high compared to other published reports. Nonadherence to insulin treatment or antidiabetic medication and infection were identified as precipitating factors for developing DKA. Therefore, measures must be taken to improve medication adherence and decrease in-hospital mortality by providing ongoing health education on medication usage, effective in-hospital management of hyperglycemia, and increased access to high-quality care.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42023432594
Community Pharmacists’ Knowledge and Attitude Towards Opioid Pain Medication Use in Bahir Dar City, North-West Ethiopia
No full textChernet Tafere,1 Bereket Bahiru Tefera,2 Adane Yehualaw,1 Desalegn Getnet Demsie,3 Belayneh Kefale,4 Kebede Feyisa,5 Malede Berihun Yismaw,4 Endalamaw Aschale,4 Zenaw Debasu,4 Zewdu Yilma,1 Zegaye Agmassie,4 Ibrahim Abdela Siraj,1 Ashagrachew Tewabe Yayehrad,1 Sileshi Mulatu,6 Destaw Endeshaw7 1Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Amhara, Ethiopia; 2Department of Social Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Amhara, Ethiopia; 3Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Amhara, Ethiopia; 4Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Amhara, Ethiopia; 5Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Amhara, Ethiopia; 6Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Amhara, Ethiopia; 7Department of Adult health Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Amhara, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Chernet Tafere, Tel +251924524636, Email [email protected]: Opioid use is a major global public health problem, affecting 16 million individuals worldwide. According to a 2023 WHO report, out of the 600,000 substance-related deaths worldwide, 80% were attributed to opioid use. Pharmacists play a vital role in reducing unnecessary opioid exposure while facilitating access to non-opioid alternatives. To do so, pharmacists should have sufficient knowledge regarding opioid-containing medications and a positive attitude about opioid use problems.Objective: This study aimed to evaluate community pharmacists’ knowledge of opioid-containing medications and their attitude toward opioid use problems.Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-administered, structured questionnaire distributed to 105 community pharmacists from July 1– 30, 2023 in Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia. The tool included demographic information and questions designed to assess participants’ knowledge and attitudes.Results: Out of the 105 pharmacists included in this study, majority were males (54.3%), nearly half held a bachelor’s degree (49.5%), and slightly above one-third had over a decade experience (39%). Regarding knowledge and attitude towards opioids, 62 individuals (59%) exhibited good knowledge, and 64 (61%) demonstrated less stigma toward opioid usage. Factors affecting knowledge include: education level (AOR (95% CI): 8.43 (1.76– 40.35) and 9.93 (1.04– 85.33) for bachelors and postgraduates respectively and age 1.45 (1.20– 1.77)]. Meanwhile, experience [AOR (95% CI): 4.64(1.20– 17.90) and 4.29 (1.23– 15.05)] for 5– 9 years and ≥ 10 years respectively and education level [AOR (95% CI): 4.08 (1.40– 11.93) for bachelors and 6.40 (1.42– 28.96)] for postgraduates were linked to attitude.Conclusion: A gap in knowledge and more stigmatizing behavior was observed among community pharmacists. These findings imply the importance of tailored educational interventions to address knowledge gaps and promote positive attitudes toward opioid usage among community pharmacists. Therefore, it is imperative to deliver up-to-date information on opioids, emphasizing their high addiction potential, to ensure pharmacists are well-equipped with the latest information.Keywords: opioids, pain management, community pharmacists, knowledge, attitude, Ethiopi
Health-related quality of life and associated factors among epilepsy patients in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textBackgroundEpilepsy is a major public health issue worldwide, often leading to physical and cognitive impairments that limit employment, independence, and social interaction. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a crucial outcome in the treatment of chronic epilepsy as it is linked to reduced independence, treatment challenges, and lower life expectancy. HRQoL serves as an important health indicator for assessing the impact of the disease on daily living activities.ObjectiveThis study aimed to estimate the mean score of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and factors associated with lower HRQoL in people living with epilepsy (PLWE) in sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries.MethodsA comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. This review has been registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024620363). The eligibility criteria were established, and this review included cross-sectional and observational studies assessing HRQOL in PLWE in SSA countries, published in English from the inception of databases through November 2024. The pooled HRQoL was reported as the mean score with accompanying 95% confidence intervals. Finally, publication bias was evaluated using a funnel plot and Egger’s regression test.ResultsThe pooled mean score of HRQoL among PLWE in SSA was 63.79 (95% CI: 59.75–67.84%). Owing to significant heterogeneity across the studies, a random-effects model was utilized for the meta-analysis (I2 = 98.96%, p < 0.001). This meta-analysis indicated that anxiety (β = −4.762, p = 0.0029), depression (β = −4.591, p < 0.0001), uncontrolled seizures (β = −4.321, p < 0.0001), and a family history of epilepsy (β = −5.093, p = 0.0013) had statistically significant negative impacts on HRQoL in PLWE. Despite some asymmetry in the funnel plot, Egger’s test showed no significant publication bias, with a p-value of 0.321.ConclusionThis review found a moderate pooled mean score of HRQoL among PLWE in SSA countries. Factors that negatively affect HRQoL in these regions include anxiety, depression, uncontrolled seizures, comorbidities, and a family history of epilepsy.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/search, identifier CRD42024620363
Time in the therapeutic range, bleeding event, and their determinants in older patients with atrial fibrillation on warfarin in Ethiopia: multicenter cross-sectional study
No full textBackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) poses significant thromboembolism and bleeding risks, especially in older adults. Warfarin continues to be a primary treatment option, and maintaining the Time in Therapeutic Range (TTR) is critical for ensuring its effectiveness. However, suboptimal TTR is associated with increased risks of stroke, bleeding, and mortality. Despite its importance, there is limited data on warfarin management in Ethiopian older adults with AF. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the TTR, bleeding events, and their determinants, in older patients with AF in Ethiopia receiving warfarin therapy.MethodIn this study, older patients with AF who were treated with warfarin and had follow-up visits between May 2021 and May 2024, and met the inclusion criteria, were included. Patients were categorized based on TTR into two groups: poor anticoagulation (TTR < 65%) and good anticoagulation quality (TTR ≥ 65%). Bivariate and Multivariate Logistic regression was performed to predict determinants of a TTR < 65% and bleeding events. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated, and statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.ResultsIn this study, 384 patients with AF were included. Of this 53.4% were female. Of these 71% of patients had a TTR below 65%, 29% achieved ≥65%, with a median TTR of 45%. Bleeding events were reported by 13.5% of patients. Poor TTR was significantly associated with age (AOR = 1.199, 95% CI: 1.109–1.297), chronic kidney disease (AOR = 27.809, 95% CI: 7.57–101.76), and infrequent INR monitoring at 31–90-day intervals (AOR = 0.15, 95% CI: 0.004–0.051). Regarding determinants of bleeding events, Patients with diabetes mellitus had a 2.6-fold higher bleeding risk (AOR = 2.585, 95% CI: 1.069–6.250), and a CHA2DS2-VASc score ≥3 significantly increased bleeding risk compared to scores ≤2 (AOR = 7.562, 95% CI: 2.770–20.640).ConclusionThis study highlights suboptimal warfarin therapy among older Ethiopian patients with AF. Poor anticoagulation was associated with advanced age, chronic kidney disease, and infrequent INR monitoring, while diabetes mellitus and high CHA₂DS₂-VASc scores increased bleeding risks. Close monitoring and frequent INR checks are essential to improving outcomes
Non-adherence with the treatment regimen and its associated factors among patients with schizophrenia in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textAbstract Schizophrenia is among the serious mental illness affecting about 1% of the global population and ranking among the top ten causes of long-term disability. It is a major contributor to global disability and requires consistent adherence to antipsychotic medication for effective management. However, treatment non-adherence remains a significant challenge, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where systemic barriers and cultural stigma further exacerbate the issue. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to estimate the pooled prevalence of antipsychotic non-adherence among patients with schizophrenia in SSA and to identify the factors associated with treatment non-adherence. A systematic search was conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, African Index Medicus, and Google Scholar, for studies published before February 2025. This review has been registered with PROSPERO (registration number: CRD420251038674). Data were extracted using standardized forms, and study quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tools. A random-effects model was employed to estimate the pooled prevalence, with subgroup analyses and meta-regression conducted to explore sources of heterogeneity. This meta-analysis, which was conducted in SSA, included 16 full-text articles encompassing a total of 5,994 participants. The pooled prevalence of antipsychotic non-adherence was 45.30% (95% CI: 29.57–61.04%), with substantial heterogeneity observed (I2 = 99.51%). The review identified Several factors associated with treatment regimen non-adherence, including EPS (AOR = 3.95, 95% CI: 1.84–8.48), polypharmacy (AOR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.56–2.96), substance use (AOR = 2.30, 95% CI: 1.43–3.71), alcohol use (AOR = 2.70, 95% CI: 1.21–5.99), perceived stigma (AOR = 2.58, 95% CI: 1.73–3.84), and lack of family support (AOR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.33–3.04). The study reveals that nearly half of patients with schizophrenia in SSA exhibit non-adherence to antipsychotics, driven by treatment-related side effects, substance use, and socio-cultural barriers. Targeted interventions simplifying regimens, managing EPS, enhancing family involvement, and reducing stigma are urgently needed. Policymakers should prioritize mental health infrastructure and community education to improve adherence and outcomes in this vulnerable population
Patterns of help-seeking behavior among people with mental illness in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textBackgroundDespite the availability of evidence-based and effective treatments, significant numbers of people living with mental illness do not receive treatment or do not seek help from providers of formal modern treatment. Although numerous primary studies have been conducted on patterns of help-seeking behavior among individuals with mental illness with respect to modern therapy, the evidence has not been aggregated nationwide. Therefore, the aim of this review was to investigate pooled data on patterns of help-seeking behavior among individuals with mental illness in Ethiopia.MethodsAll available primary studies were searched via the Google Scholar, HINARI, and PubMed databases from June 22 to December 20, 2023; 912 articles were identified. Sixteen articles were included in the final review; data from them were extracted to an Excel spreadsheet and exported to Stata version 17 for analysis. The search terms used were: “Pattern of help-seeking behavior’’ OR “Pattern of treatment-seeking behavior” OR “Health care-seeking behavior” OR “Help-seeking intention” OR “Help-seeking preferences” OR “Perceived need” OR “Pathways to psychiatric care”, AND “Common mental disorders” OR “Mental illness” OR “Mental health problems” OR “Depression”, AND “Predictors” OR “Determinate factors” OR “Associated factors”, AND “Ethiopia”. The quality of the studies included was critically appraised using the modified The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Joanna Briggs Institute quality assessment tool, adapted for observational studies. During critical appraisal, disagreements between the two authors conducting the assessment were resolved by the involvement of a third author. Effect sizes were pooled using the random effects model, and the presence of publication bias was detected based on asymmetry of the funnel plot and a statistically significant result of Egger’s test (p<0.05).ResultsThe pooled rate of positive help-seeking behavior with respect to modern treatment among people living with mental illness was 42.21% (95% CI: 29.29, 55.12; I2 = 99.37%, P=0.00). Factors significantly associated with a positive pattern of help-seeking behavior were: having a secondary education or above (AOR=5.47, 95% CI: 2.33, 12.86); believing that mental illness requires treatment (AOR=2.76, 95% CI: 2.02, 3.78); having strong social support (AOR=2.00, 95% CI: 1.64, 2.44); having a family history of mental illness (AOR=2.68, 95% CI: 1.38, 3.97); having awareness of the availability of treatment (AOR=2.92, 95% CI: 1.56, 5.46); having previously engaged in positive help-seeking behavior (AOR=3.28, 95% CI: 1.63, 6.60); having comorbid disorders (AOR=4.25, 95% CI: 1.69, 10.66); not using alcohol (AOR=3.29, 95% CI: 1.73, 6.27); and the perceived severity of mental illness (AOR=2.54, 95% CI: 1.490, 4.33).ConclusionsThe majority of people with mental illness in Ethiopia exhibited a poor pattern of help-seeking behavior with respect to modern treatment. Therefore, mobilization of the community should be encouraged via regular public awareness campaigns regarding mental illness and the availability of evidence-based and effective modern treatment in Ethiopia. Moreover, the design of effective community-based mental health interventions is recommended in order to improve public attitudes and rates of help-seeking behavior in relation to mental health problems
Table_2_Patterns of help-seeking behavior among people with mental illness in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.docx
No full textBackgroundDespite the availability of evidence-based and effective treatments, significant numbers of people living with mental illness do not receive treatment or do not seek help from providers of formal modern treatment. Although numerous primary studies have been conducted on patterns of help-seeking behavior among individuals with mental illness with respect to modern therapy, the evidence has not been aggregated nationwide. Therefore, the aim of this review was to investigate pooled data on patterns of help-seeking behavior among individuals with mental illness in Ethiopia.MethodsAll available primary studies were searched via the Google Scholar, HINARI, and PubMed databases from June 22 to December 20, 2023; 912 articles were identified. Sixteen articles were included in the final review; data from them were extracted to an Excel spreadsheet and exported to Stata version 17 for analysis. The search terms used were: “Pattern of help-seeking behavior’’ OR “Pattern of treatment-seeking behavior” OR “Health care-seeking behavior” OR “Help-seeking intention” OR “Help-seeking preferences” OR “Perceived need” OR “Pathways to psychiatric care”, AND “Common mental disorders” OR “Mental illness” OR “Mental health problems” OR “Depression”, AND “Predictors” OR “Determinate factors” OR “Associated factors”, AND “Ethiopia”. The quality of the studies included was critically appraised using the modified The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Joanna Briggs Institute quality assessment tool, adapted for observational studies. During critical appraisal, disagreements between the two authors conducting the assessment were resolved by the involvement of a third author. Effect sizes were pooled using the random effects model, and the presence of publication bias was detected based on asymmetry of the funnel plot and a statistically significant result of Egger’s test (pResultsThe pooled rate of positive help-seeking behavior with respect to modern treatment among people living with mental illness was 42.21% (95% CI: 29.29, 55.12; I2 = 99.37%, P=0.00). Factors significantly associated with a positive pattern of help-seeking behavior were: having a secondary education or above (AOR=5.47, 95% CI: 2.33, 12.86); believing that mental illness requires treatment (AOR=2.76, 95% CI: 2.02, 3.78); having strong social support (AOR=2.00, 95% CI: 1.64, 2.44); having a family history of mental illness (AOR=2.68, 95% CI: 1.38, 3.97); having awareness of the availability of treatment (AOR=2.92, 95% CI: 1.56, 5.46); having previously engaged in positive help-seeking behavior (AOR=3.28, 95% CI: 1.63, 6.60); having comorbid disorders (AOR=4.25, 95% CI: 1.69, 10.66); not using alcohol (AOR=3.29, 95% CI: 1.73, 6.27); and the perceived severity of mental illness (AOR=2.54, 95% CI: 1.490, 4.33).ConclusionsThe majority of people with mental illness in Ethiopia exhibited a poor pattern of help-seeking behavior with respect to modern treatment. Therefore, mobilization of the community should be encouraged via regular public awareness campaigns regarding mental illness and the availability of evidence-based and effective modern treatment in Ethiopia. Moreover, the design of effective community-based mental health interventions is recommended in order to improve public attitudes and rates of help-seeking behavior in relation to mental health problems.</p
Table_1_Patterns of help-seeking behavior among people with mental illness in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.docx
No full textBackgroundDespite the availability of evidence-based and effective treatments, significant numbers of people living with mental illness do not receive treatment or do not seek help from providers of formal modern treatment. Although numerous primary studies have been conducted on patterns of help-seeking behavior among individuals with mental illness with respect to modern therapy, the evidence has not been aggregated nationwide. Therefore, the aim of this review was to investigate pooled data on patterns of help-seeking behavior among individuals with mental illness in Ethiopia.MethodsAll available primary studies were searched via the Google Scholar, HINARI, and PubMed databases from June 22 to December 20, 2023; 912 articles were identified. Sixteen articles were included in the final review; data from them were extracted to an Excel spreadsheet and exported to Stata version 17 for analysis. The search terms used were: “Pattern of help-seeking behavior’’ OR “Pattern of treatment-seeking behavior” OR “Health care-seeking behavior” OR “Help-seeking intention” OR “Help-seeking preferences” OR “Perceived need” OR “Pathways to psychiatric care”, AND “Common mental disorders” OR “Mental illness” OR “Mental health problems” OR “Depression”, AND “Predictors” OR “Determinate factors” OR “Associated factors”, AND “Ethiopia”. The quality of the studies included was critically appraised using the modified The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Joanna Briggs Institute quality assessment tool, adapted for observational studies. During critical appraisal, disagreements between the two authors conducting the assessment were resolved by the involvement of a third author. Effect sizes were pooled using the random effects model, and the presence of publication bias was detected based on asymmetry of the funnel plot and a statistically significant result of Egger’s test (pResultsThe pooled rate of positive help-seeking behavior with respect to modern treatment among people living with mental illness was 42.21% (95% CI: 29.29, 55.12; I2 = 99.37%, P=0.00). Factors significantly associated with a positive pattern of help-seeking behavior were: having a secondary education or above (AOR=5.47, 95% CI: 2.33, 12.86); believing that mental illness requires treatment (AOR=2.76, 95% CI: 2.02, 3.78); having strong social support (AOR=2.00, 95% CI: 1.64, 2.44); having a family history of mental illness (AOR=2.68, 95% CI: 1.38, 3.97); having awareness of the availability of treatment (AOR=2.92, 95% CI: 1.56, 5.46); having previously engaged in positive help-seeking behavior (AOR=3.28, 95% CI: 1.63, 6.60); having comorbid disorders (AOR=4.25, 95% CI: 1.69, 10.66); not using alcohol (AOR=3.29, 95% CI: 1.73, 6.27); and the perceived severity of mental illness (AOR=2.54, 95% CI: 1.490, 4.33).ConclusionsThe majority of people with mental illness in Ethiopia exhibited a poor pattern of help-seeking behavior with respect to modern treatment. Therefore, mobilization of the community should be encouraged via regular public awareness campaigns regarding mental illness and the availability of evidence-based and effective modern treatment in Ethiopia. Moreover, the design of effective community-based mental health interventions is recommended in order to improve public attitudes and rates of help-seeking behavior in relation to mental health problems.</p
