29,663 research outputs found

    Clinical applications for next-generation sequencing /

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    Includes bibliographical references and index.Vendor-supplied metadata.Machine generated contents note: NGS Versus Traditional (Sanger Sequencing) / Ratal Ploski -- Coverage / Ratal Ploski -- NGS Library Preparation / Ratal Ploski -- Sequence Assembly: De Novo Sequencing vs Resequencing / Ratal Ploski -- Paired-End and Mate-Pair Libraries and Long Fragment Read Technology / Ratal Ploski -- NGS Platforms / Ratal Ploski -- Illumina / Ratal Ploski -- Semiconductor-based platforms / Ratal Ploski -- Sequencing by the Oligo Ligation Detection (SOLiD) Platform / Ratal Ploski -- Pyrosequencing on Roche/454 platforms / Ratal Ploski -- Complete genomics analysis (CGATM) platform / Ratal Ploski -- Single-Molecule Sequencing / Ratal Ploski -- Targeted Resequencing/Enrichment Strategies / Ratal Ploski -- Whole Exome Sequencing and Whole Genome Sequencing / Ratal Ploski -- Limitations of NGS in Clinical Medicine / Ratal Ploski -- Conclusion / Ratal Ploski -- References / Ratal PloskiNote continued: Software Tools / Piotr Stawinski / Ravi Sachidanandam / Izabela Chojnicka / Rafal Ploski -- Input Sequence Preprocessing / Piotr Stawinski / Ravi Sachidanandam / Izabela Chojnicka / Rafal Ploski -- Mapping / Piotr Stawinski / Ravi Sachidanandam / Izabela Chojnicka / Rafal Ploski -- Processing and Interpreting Mapping / Piotr Stawinski / Ravi Sachidanandam / Izabela Chojnicka / Rafal Ploski -- Insertions and Deletions Realignment / Piotr Stawinski / Ravi Sachidanandam / Izabela Chojnicka / Rafal Ploski -- Base Quality Recalibration / Piotr Stawinski / Ravi Sachidanandam / Izabela Chojnicka / Rafal Ploski -- Variant Calling / Piotr Stawinski / Ravi Sachidanandam / Izabela Chojnicka / Rafal Ploski -- Major Approaches to the Variant Calling / Piotr Stawinski / Ravi Sachidanandam / Izabela Chojnicka / Rafal Ploski -- Variant Calling Format / Piotr Stawinski / Ravi Sachidanandam / Izabela Chojnicka / Rafal PloskiNote continued: Variant Annotation / Piotr Stawinski / Ravi Sachidanandam / Izabela Chojnicka / Rafal Ploski -- Software and Hardware Issues / Piotr Stawinski / Ravi Sachidanandam / Izabela Chojnicka / Rafal Ploski -- Computational Architecture / Piotr Stawinski / Ravi Sachidanandam / Izabela Chojnicka / Rafal Ploski -- Storage Architecture / Piotr Stawinski / Ravi Sachidanandam / Izabela Chojnicka / Rafal Ploski -- References / Piotr Stawinski / Ravi Sachidanandam / Izabela Chojnicka / Rafal Ploski -- Introduction / Dariusz Plewczynski / Slawomir Gruca / Przemyslaw Szalaj / Krystian Gulik / Silviene Fabiana de Oliveira / Ankit Malhotra -- Structural Variants in the Human Genome / Dariusz Plewczynski / Slawomir Gruca / Przemyslaw Szalaj / Krystian Gulik / Silviene Fabiana de Oliveira / Ankit Malhotra -- Structural Variation and Human Disease / Dariusz Plewczynski / Slawomir Gruca / Przemyslaw Szalaj / Krystian Gulik / Silviene Fabiana de Oliveira / Ankit MalhotraNote continued: Analysis of Structural Variation by Legacy Technologies / Dariusz Plewczynski / Slawomir Gruca / Przemyslaw Szalaj / Krystian Gulik / Silviene Fabiana de Oliveira / Ankit Malhotra -- Structural Variation and Next Generation Sequencing / Dariusz Plewczynski / Slawomir Gruca / Przemyslaw Szalaj / Krystian Gulik / Silviene Fabiana de Oliveira / Ankit Malhotra -- Methods for Estimation of Copy Number Variation from NGS Data / Dariusz Plewczynski / Slawomir Gruca / Przemyslaw Szalaj / Krystian Gulik / Silviene Fabiana de Oliveira / Ankit Malhotra -- Structural Variation, NGS, Cancer, and the Clinic / Dariusz Plewczynski / Slawomir Gruca / Przemyslaw Szalaj / Krystian Gulik / Silviene Fabiana de Oliveira / Ankit Malhotra -- NGS-Based Structural Variation Detection Software / Dariusz Plewczynski / Slawomir Gruca / Przemyslaw Szalaj / Krystian Gulik / Silviene Fabiana de Oliveira / Ankit MalhotraNote continued: Future Directions / Dariusz Plewczynski / Slawomir Gruca / Przemyslaw Szalaj / Krystian Gulik / Silviene Fabiana de Oliveira / Ankit Malhotra -- Acknowledgments / Dariusz Plewczynski / Slawomir Gruca / Przemyslaw Szalaj / Krystian Gulik / Silviene Fabiana de Oliveira / Ankit Malhotra -- References / Dariusz Plewczynski / Slawomir Gruca / Przemyslaw Szalaj / Krystian Gulik / Silviene Fabiana de Oliveira / Ankit Malhotra -- NGS in Cancer Research / Eliza Glodkowska-Mrowka / Tomasz Stoklosa -- NGS in Clinical Settings / Eliza Glodkowska-Mrowka / Tomasz Stoklosa -- Familial Genetic Testing / Eliza Glodkowska-Mrowka / Tomasz Stoklosa -- Molecular Disease Classification / Eliza Glodkowska-Mrowka / Tomasz Stoklosa -- Pharmacogenomics / Eliza Glodkowska-Mrowka / Tomasz Stoklosa -- Testing in "Last-Resort" Patients / Eliza Glodkowska-Mrowka / Tomasz StoklosaNote continued: Circulating Cell-Free Tumor DNA and Circulating Tumor Cells / Eliza Glodkowska-Mrowka / Tomasz Stoklosa -- Treatment Monitoring / Eliza Glodkowska-Mrowka / Tomasz Stoklosa -- Biomarkers in Clinical Decision-Making / Eliza Glodkowska-Mrowka / Tomasz Stoklosa -- Current Obstacles Preventing NGS from Wide Application in Clinical Settings / Eliza Glodkowska-Mrowka / Tomasz Stoklosa -- Targeted versus Genome-Wide Approach / Eliza Glodkowska-Mrowka / Tomasz Stoklosa -- Future of Oncogenomics / Eliza Glodkowska-Mrowka / Tomasz Stoklosa -- Pros and Cons of Traditional versus NGS Sequencing Approach / Eliza Glodkowska-Mrowka / Tomasz Stoklosa -- Challenges in Clinical Oncogenomics / Eliza Glodkowska-Mrowka / Tomasz Stoklosa -- References / Eliza Glodkowska-Mrowka / Tomasz Stoklosa -- Introduction / Iwona Malinowska / Eliza Glodkowska-Mrowka -- Childhood and Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemias / Iwona Malinowska / Eliza Glodkowska-MrowkaNote continued: T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia / Iwona Malinowska / Eliza Glodkowska-Mrowka -- BCR[--]ABL1-like Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia / Iwona Malinowska / Eliza Glodkowska-Mrowka -- Hypodiploid Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia / Iwona Malinowska / Eliza Glodkowska-Mrowka -- Relapsed Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia / Iwona Malinowska / Eliza Glodkowska-Mrowka -- Acute Myeloid Leukemia / Iwona Malinowska / Eliza Glodkowska-Mrowka -- Genetic Concept of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Pathogenesis / Iwona Malinowska / Eliza Glodkowska-Mrowka -- BRAF Mutation in Hairy Cell Leukemia / Iwona Malinowska / Eliza Glodkowska-Mrowka -- CSF3R Mutation in Chronic Neutrophilic Leukemia / Iwona Malinowska / Eliza Glodkowska-Mrowka -- NGS in Chronic Lymphocytic Lymphoma / Iwona Malinowska / Eliza Glodkowska-Mrowka -- Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas / Iwona Malinowska / Eliza Glodkowska-Mrowka -- Inherited Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes / Iwona Malinowska / Eliza Glodkowska-MrowkaNote continued: Fanconi Anemia / Iwona Malinowska / Eliza Glodkowska-Mrowka -- Dyskeratosis Congenita / Iwona Malinowska / Eliza Glodkowska-Mrowka -- Thrombocytopenia Absent Radius Syndrome / Iwona Malinowska / Eliza Glodkowska-Mrowka -- Diamond[--]Blackfan Anemia / Iwona Malinowska / Eliza Glodkowska-Mrowka -- Commercial NGS-Based Assays for Clinical Use in Hematology Practice / Iwona Malinowska / Eliza Glodkowska-Mrowka -- Implementation of NGS-Based Techniques in Clinical Practice in Hematology / Iwona Malinowska / Eliza Glodkowska-Mrowka -- Conclusion / Iwona Malinowska / Eliza Glodkowska-Mrowka -- References / Iwona Malinowska / Eliza Glodkowska-Mrowka -- Introduction / Krystyna Szymatiska / Krzysztof Szczaluba / Anna Kostera-Pruszczyk / Tomasz Wolanczyk -- Genetic Testing in Neurology and Psychiatry / Krystyna Szymatiska / Krzysztof Szczaluba / Anna Kostera-Pruszczyk / Tomasz WolanczykNote continued: Epilepsy / Krystyna Szymatiska / Krzysztof Szczaluba / Anna Kostera-Pruszczyk / Tomasz Wolanczyk -- Ataxia / Krystyna Szymatiska / Krzysztof Szczaluba / Anna Kostera-Pruszczyk / Tomasz Wolanczyk -- Hereditary Spastic Paraplegias / Krystyna Szymatiska / Krzysztof Szczaluba / Anna Kostera-Pruszczyk / Tomasz Wolanczyk -- Movement Disorders / Krystyna Szymatiska / Krzysztof Szczaluba / Anna Kostera-Pruszczyk / Tomasz Wolanczyk -- Neuromuscular Disorders / Krystyna Szymatiska / Krzysztof Szczaluba / Anna Kostera-Pruszczyk / Tomasz Wolanczyk -- Neurodegenerative Diseases with Dementia / Krystyna Szymatiska / Krzysztof Szczaluba / Anna Kostera-Pruszczyk / Tomasz Wolanczyk -- Neuropsychiatric Disorders / Anna Kostera-Pruszczyk / Krzysztof Szczaluba / Krystyna Szymatiska / Tomasz Wolanczyk -- Intellectual Disability / Krystyna Szymatiska / Krzysztof Szczaluba / Anna Kostera-Pruszczyk / Tomasz WolanczykNote continued: Autism / Anna Kostera-Pruszczyk / Krzysztof Szczaluba / Krystyna Szymatiska / Tomasz Wolanczyk -- Intellectual Disability and Autism[--]A Practical Approach / Krystyna Szymatiska / Krzysztof Szczaluba / Anna Kostera-Pruszczyk / Tomasz Wolanczyk -- Genetic Testing in Autism and ID[--]A Proposal / Krystyna Szymatiska / Krzysztof Szczaluba / Tomasz Wolanczyk / Anna Kostera-Pruszczyk -- Autism Databases / Krystyna Szymatiska / Anna Kostera-Pruszczyk / Krzysztof Szczaluba / Tomasz Wolanczyk -- Major Psychiatric Disorders / Krystyna Szymatiska / Krzysztof Szczaluba / Anna Kostera-Pruszczyk / Tomasz Wolanczyk -- References / Krystyna Szymatiska / Krzysztof Szczaluba / Anna Kostera-Pruszczyk / Tomasz Wolanczyk -- Dysmorphology[--]Past and Present / Robert Smigiel / Urszula Demkow -- Diagnostic Process in Dysmorphology / Robert Smigiel / Urszula Demkow -- Genetic Testing in Dysmorphology / Robert Smigiel / Urszula DemkowNote continued: NGS Testing in Dysmorphology and Rare Multiple Congenital Defects Syndromes / Robert Smigiel / Urszula Demkow -- Dilemmas / Robert Smigiel / Urszula Demkow -- Reverse Dysmorphology / Robert Smigiel / Urszula Demkow -- NGS and Screening of Rare Disorders in Newborns / Robert Smigiel / Urszula Demkow -- Conclusions / Robert Smigiel / Urszula Demkow -- List of Abbreviations / Robert Smigiel / Urszula Demkow -- References / Robert Smigiel / Urszula Demkow -- Introduction / Monika Oldak -- NGS Tests for Vision and Hearing Disorders / Monika Oldak -- Compatibility of Standard Enrichment Panels with Genetic Vision and Hearing Disorders / Monika Oldak -- Utility of NGS Testing for Diagnostic Purposes of Vision and Hearing Disorders / Monika Oldak -- Cumulative Mutation Load / Monika Oldak -- Digenic and Oligogenic Inheritance / Monika Oldak -- De Novo Mutations / Monika Oldak -- Copy Number Variations / Monika OldakNote continued: Novel Genes and "Erroneous" Disease Genes / Monika Oldak -- Conclusions / Monika Oldak -- Abbreviations / Monika Oldak -- Acknowledgments / Monika Oldak -- References / Monika Oldak -- Introduction / Ozgur Cogulu -- Conventional Prenatal Diagnostics and Methods / Ozgur Cogulu -- Use of Fetal Biological Material in the Maternal Circulation for Prenatal Diagnosis / Ozgur Cogulu -- Fetal DNA in Prenatal Diagnosis / Ozgur Cogulu -- Properties of Cell-Free Fetal DNA / Ozgur Cogulu -- Applications of Noninvasive Prenatal Tests / Ozgur Cogulu -- NGS in the Determination of Genomic Disorders by Using cffDNA in Maternal Plasma / Ozgur Cogulu -- Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Sequencing of Cell-Free Fetal DNA / Ozgur Cogulu -- Limitations and Challenges of NGS-Based Noninvasive Prenatal Testing / Ozgur Cogulu -- Clinical Implementation of Noninvasive Prenatal Testing for Aneuploidies / Ozgur Cogulu -- Conclusion / Ozgur Cogulu -- References / Ozgur CoguluNote continued: Introduction / Joanna Poninska / Rafal Ploski / Zofia T. Bilinska -- General Information on Multigene Panels / Joanna Poninska / Rafal Ploski / Zofia T. Bilinska -- Cardiomyopathies / Joanna Poninska / Rafal Ploski / Zofia T. Bilinska -- Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy / Joanna Poninska / Rafal Ploski / Zofia T. Bilinska -- Dilated Cardiomyopathy / Joanna Poninska / Rafal Ploski / Zofia T. Bilinska -- Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy / Joanna Poninska / Rafal Ploski / Zofia T. Bilinska -- Restrictive Cardiomyopathy / Joanna Poninska / Rafal Ploski / Zofia T. Bilinska -- Left-Ventricular Noncompaction / Joanna Poninska / Rafal Ploski / Zofia T. Bilinska -- Arrhythmias / Joanna Poninska / Rafal Ploski / Zofia T. Bilinska -- Long QT Syndrome / Joanna Poninska / Rafal Ploski / Zofia T. Bilinska -- Brugada Syndrome / Joanna Poninska / Rafal Ploski / Zofia T. BilinskaNote continued: Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia / Joanna Poninska / Rafal Ploski / Zofia T. Bilinska -- Cardiac Conduction Disease / Joanna Poninska / Rafal Ploski / Zofia T. Bilinska -- Short QT Syndrome / Joanna Poninska / Rafal Ploski / Zofia T. Bilinska -- Atrial Fibrillation / Joanna Poninska / Rafal Ploski / Zofia T. Bilinska -- Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms and Dissections / Joanna Poninska / Rafal Ploski / Zofia T. Bilinska -- Congenital Heart Disease / Joanna Poninska / Rafal Ploski / Zofia T. Bilinska -- Familial Hypercholesterolemia / Rafal Ploski / Zofia T. Bilinska / Joanna Poninska -- Conclusions / Joanna Poninska / Rafal Ploski / Zofia T. Bilinska -- List of Acronyms and Abbreviations / Joanna Poninska / Rafal Ploski / Zofia T. Bilinska -- Acknowledgments / Joanna Poninska / Rafal Ploski / Zofia T. Bilinska -- References / Joanna Poninska / Rafal Ploski / Zofia T. Bilinska -- Introduction / Urszula DemkowNote continued: Cancer Therapy / Urszula Demkow -- Clinical Trials in Oncology / Urszula Demkow -- Ethical Issues in Oncopharmacogenomics / Urszula Demkow -- Multicenter Collaborations in Oncopharmacogenomics / Urszula Demkow -- NGS in Noncancer Pharmacogenomics / Urszula Demkow -- Cytochrome P450 / Urszula Demkow -- Non-P450 Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes / Urszula Demkow -- Drug Transporters / Urszula Demkow -- Clinical Applications of Pharmacogenomics / Urszula Demkow -- Anticoagulants / Urszula Demkow -- Psychiatry / Urszula Demkow -- Analgesics / Urszula Demkow -- Transplantology / Urszula Demkow -- Anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Drugs / Urszula Demkow -- Multigene Pharmacogenetic Tests Assessing Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Response / Urszula Demkow -- Quality Requirements for NGS-Based Pharmacogenomic Tests / Urszula Demkow -- Guidelines for Clinical Application of Pharmacogenomics / Urszula DemkowNote continued: NGS in Pharmacogenomics[--]Other Possible Applications / Urszula Demkow -- Limitations of NGS in Pharmacogenomics / Urszula Demkow -- Conclusions / Urszula Demkow -- References / Urszula Demkow -- Introduction / Asude Durmaz / Burak Durmaz -- Genetic Counseling / Asude Durmaz / Burak Durmaz -- Genetic Counseling in the NGS Era / Asude Durmaz / Burak Durmaz -- Pretest Genetic Counseling / Asude Durmaz / Burak Durmaz -- Informed Consent Form / Asude Durmaz / Burak Durmaz -- Return of Results / Asude Durmaz / Burak Durmaz -- Future Perspectives / Asude Durmaz / Burak Durmaz -- List of Acronyms and Abbreviations / Asude Durmaz / Burak Durmaz -- References / Asude Durmaz / Burak Durmaz -- Overview / Urszula Demkow -- The Overall Genetic Testing Strategy in Undiagnosed Diseases[--]Looking for the Needle in a Haystack / Urszula Demkow -- The Analysis of NGS Testing Results for Rare Diseases / Urszula Demkow -- Pathogenicity / Urszula DemkowNote continued: Good Laboratory Practice in Genetic Testing for Undiagnosed Diseases / Urszula Demkow -- Test Validation / Urszula Demkow -- The Importance of Genetic Diagnosis in Rare Diseases / Urszula Demkow -- Conclusions / Urszula Demkow -- References / Urszula Demkow -- United States / Jacub Owoc -- Great Britain / Jacub Owoc -- Holland / Jacub Owoc -- Germany / Jacub Owoc -- Conclusions / Jacub Owoc -- References / Jacub Owoc -- Sequencing Platforms / Michal Okoniewski / Rafal Ploski / Urszula Demkow / Marek Wiewiorka -- Nanopore Sequencing / Michal Okoniewski / Marek Wiewiorka / Rafal Ploski / Urszula Demkow -- Emerging Commercial Solutions / Rafal Ploski / Michal Okoniewski / Marek Wiewiorka / Urszula Demkow -- Future Directions of Clinical Genomics Data Processing / Marek Wiewiorka / Rafal Ploski / Michal Okoniewski / Urszula Demkow -- Data Size Estimates and Current Processing Limitations / Michal Okoniewski / Rafal Ploski / Marek Wiewiorka / Urszula DemkowNote continued: Data Processing Models / Marek Wiewiorka / Rafal Ploski / Michal Okoniewski / Urszula Demkow -- Hadoop Ecosystem Tools That Can Be Used in Genomic Medicine / Michal Okoniewski / Rafal Ploski / Marek Wiewiorka / Urszula Demkow -- Data Security and Biobanking / Michal Okoniewski / Rafal Ploski / Urszula Demkow / Marek Wiewiorka -- Currently Developing Scenarios and Cases / Michal Okoniewski / Marek Wiewiorka / Rafal Ploski / Urszula Demkow -- Expected Challenges and Limitations of Future Data Processing Tools and Models / Michal Okoniewski / Rafal Ploski / Marek Wiewiorka / Urszula Demkow -- Education of Physicians and Medical Researchers in the Understanding and Use of Genomic Data Processing / Marek Wiewiorka / Rafal Ploski / Michal Okoniewski / Urszula Demkow -- Electronic Health Records / Marek Wiewiorka / Rafal Ploski / Michal Okoniewski / Urszula DemkowNote continued: Conclusion[--]Vision of Near-Future Medical Genomics Information Systems / Michal Okoniewski / Rafal Ploski / Marek Wiewiorka / Urszula Demkow -- References / Michal Okoniewski / Rafal Ploski / Marek Wiewiorka / Urszula Demkow -- Introduction / John D. Lantos -- Differences between WGS and Genetic Testing in Other Contexts / John D. Lantos -- Newborn Metabolic Screening / John D. Lantos -- Carrier Testing in Carefully Selected High-Risk Populations / John D. Lantos -- Genetic Testing of Stored Samples in Biorepositories / John D. Lantos -- The Specific Ethical Issues of Whole-Genome Sequencing for Clinical Diagnosis / John D. Lantos -- Thinking about Harms and Benefits / John D. Lantos -- Conclusions / John D. Lantos -- Unpredictable Consequences of the Next Generation / Urszula Demkow / Andrzej Kochanski -- Sequencing-Related Technological Revolution in Medical Genetics / Urszula Demkow / Andrzej KochanskiNote continued: Problem 1: The Right Not to Know / Urszula Demkow / Andrzej Kochanski -- Problem 2: Incidental/Unsolicited Findings / Andrzej Kochanski / Urszula Demkow -- Problem 3: Genetic Determinism and Discrimination / Andrzej Kochanski / Urszula Demkow -- Problem 4: Genetically-Based Selection of Human Embryos and Assisted Reproductive Technology / Urszula Demkow / Andrzej Kochanski -- Problem 5: NGS and Social Issues / Urszula Demkow / Andrzej Kochanski -- Conclusions / Urszula Demkow / Andrzej Kochanski -- References / Andrzej Kochanski / Urszula Demkow.Elsevie

    XLBlocks: a Block-based Formula Editor for Spreadsheet Formulas

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    Spreadsheets are frequently used in industry to support critical business decisions. Unfortunately, they also suffer from error-proneness, which sometimes results in costly consequences. Experiments in the field of program education have shown that programmers tend to make fewer errors and can better focus on the logic of a program if they use a block-based language instead of a textual one. We hypothesize that a block-based formula editor could support spreadsheet users in a similar way. Therefore, we develop XLBlocks and conduct a think-aloud study with 13 experienced spreadsheet users from industry. Participants are asked to create and edit several formulas, using our block-based language. We then ask them to evaluate this editor using the Cognitive Dimensions of Notations framework. We found that for all dimensions the block-based formula editor received a better evaluation than the default text-based formula editor.Accepted author manuscriptSoftware Engineerin

    Author & Editor Biographies

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    Author & Editor Biographie

    Towards language-parametric semantic editor services based on declarative type system specifications

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    Editor services assist programmers to more effectively write and comprehend code. Implementing editor services correctly is not trivial. This paper focuses on the specification of semantic editor services, those that use the semantic model of a program. The specification of refactorings is a common subject of study, but many other semantic editor services have received little attention. We propose a language-parametric approach to the definition of semantic editor services, using a declarative specification of the static semantics of the programming language, and constraint solving. Editor services are specified as constraint problems, and language specifications are used to ensure correctness. We describe our approach for the following semantic editor services: reference resolution, find usages, goto subclasses, code completion, and the extract definition refactoring. We do this in the context of Statix, a constraint language for the specification of type systems. We investigate the specification of editor services in terms of Statix constraints, and the requirements these impose on a suitable solver.Programming Language

    Testy uwalniania interferonu gamma nowym narzędziem do wykrywania ukrytego zakażenia prątkiem gruźlicy

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    Despite increasing advances in the diagnostics and treatment of tuberculosis (TB) [...

    Variety of poetic treaties by Urszula Kozioł

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    Poetic treaties frequently appear in the later writings of Urszula Kozioł. Three volumes of poems: Supliki (2005), Przelotem (2007) and Horrendeum (2010) provide examples of individual uses of this canonical form, and prove that the author was “growing up” to use it. The poet creates genre varieties of a poetic treaty through which she expresses her philosophical and ontological as well as existential, architextual and poetological reflections

    Diagnostyka immunologiczna i molekularna zakażeń dróg oddechowych

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    Diagnostic strategies in upper and lower respiratory tract infections include conventional procedures and the new molecular tools. Serology plays a role in certain viral and atypical infections of lower respiratory track but is not reliable in small children and in immunocompromised subjects. Antigen detection can be also carried out. If a potential pathogen is non detectable by simply assay or in severe or complicated lower respiratory tract infections, the use of molecular tools is highly indicated. Pneumonol. Alergol. Pol. 2011; 79, 6: 446–453Diagnostyka laboratoryjna zakażeń górnych i dolnych dróg oddechowych opiera się na metodach konwencjonalnych oraz nowoczesnych metodach biologii molekularnej. Serologia odgrywa ważną rolę w rozpoznawaniu niektórych zakażeń o etiologii wirusowej i w diagnostyce zakażeń drobnoustrojami atypowymi. Metody serologiczne nie są jednak przydatne w diagnostyce zakażeń u małych dzieci oraz u osób w immunosupresji. W przypadku patogenów niewykrywalnych metodami konwencjonalnymi oraz zakażeń o ciężkim przebiegu, zagrażających życiu, metody molekularne mają duże znaczenie. Pneumonol. Alergol. Pol. 2011; 79, 6: 446–45

    Data from author and editor survey

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    Data from author survey and editor survey asking for quantitative evaluation and qualitative assessment of MDAR checklist

    Data from author and editor survey

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    Data from author survey and editor survey asking for quantitative evaluation and qualitative assessment of MDAR checklist
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