1,721,091 research outputs found
In vivo effects of 1,4-dioxane on genotoxic parameters and behavioral alterations in Drosophila melanogaster
No full text1,4-Dioxane (DXN) is used as solvent in different consumer products including cosmetics, paints, surfactants, and waxes. In addition, DXN is released as an unwanted contaminating by-product as a result of some reactions including ethoxylation of alcohols, which occurs with in personal care products. Consequently, DXN pollution was detected in drinking water and is considered as an environmental problem. At present, the genotoxicity effects attributed to DXN are controversial. The present study using an in vivo model organism Drosophila melanogaster aimed to determine the toxic/genotoxic, mutagenic/recombinogenic, oxidative damage as evidenced by ROS production, phenotypic alterations as well as behavioral and developmental alterations that are closely related to neuronal functions. Data demonstrated that nontoxic DXN concentration (0.1, 0.25, 0.5, or 1%) induced mutagenic (1%) and recombinogenic (0.1, 0.25, or 0.5%) effects in wing spot test and genotoxicity in hemocytes using comet assay. The nontoxic concentrations of DXN (0.1, 0.25, 0.5, or 1%) significantly increased oxidative stress, climbing behavior, thermal sensivity and abnormal phenotypic alterations. Our findings show that in contrast to in vitro exposure, DXN using an in vivo model Drosophila melanogaster this compound exerts toxic and genotoxic effects. Data suggest that additional studies using other in vivo models are thus warranted.There is no sponsors associated with the work featured in this article.No sponso
Investigation of antigenotoxic effects of commercial lingonberry supplement in drosophila melanogaster
No full textInternational 5 Ocak Congress On Applied Sciences (2. : 2021 : Adana, Turkey)No sponso
Protective effects of resveratrol against genotoxicity induced by nano and bulk hydroxyapatite in Drosophila melanogaster
No full textThere is no sponsors associated with the work featured in this article.Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a naturally occurring calcium phosphate mineral predominantly used for its biocompatibility in a number of areas such as bone grafting, prosthesis coating in dentistry, and targeted drug delivery. Since the nano form of HAp (nHAp) has gained popularity attributed to a re-mineralizing effect in dental repair procedures, concerns have been raised over safety and biocompatibility of these nanoparticles (NP). This study, therefore, aimed to (1) investigate mechanisms of potential genotoxicity and enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) initiated by bulk and nano forms of HAp and (2) test in vivo whether resveratrol, a type of natural phenol, might mitigate the extent of potential DNA damage. The size of nHAp was determined to be 192.13 ± 9.91 nm after dispersion using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Drosophila melanogaster was employed as a model organism to determine the genotoxic potential and adverse effects of HAp by use of (comet assay), mutagenic and recombinogenic activity (wing spot test), and ROS-mediated damage. Drosophila wing-spot tests demonstrated that exposure to nontoxic bulk and nHAp concentrations (1, 2.5, 5 or 10 mM) produced no significant recombination effects or mutagenicity. However, bulk and nHAp at certain doses (2.5, 5 or 10 mM) induced genotoxicity in hemocytes and enhanced ROS production. Resveratrol was found to ameliorate the genotoxic effects induced by bulk HAp and nHAp in comet assay. Data demonstrate that treatment with nano and bulk Hap-induced DNA damage and increased ROS generation D. melanogaster which was alleviated by treatment with resveratrolNo sponso
Assessing the genotoxic effects of d-glucose and sucrose in drosophila melanogaster
No full textInternational Marmara Sciences Congress (IMASCON 2020 AUTUMN) (5. : 2020 : Kocaeli, Turkey)No sponso
Heavy metal accumulation and genotoxic effects in levant vole (Microtus guentheri) collected from contaminated areas due to mining activities
No full textHeavy metal contamination is a serious environmental problem commonly monitored in various organisms. Small wild rodents are ideal biological monitors to show the extent of environmental pollution.The aim of this study was to evaluate the adverse effects of marble and stone quarries on the Levant vole,Microtus guentheri, inhabiting some polluted sites. In this context, Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to analyze distribution of thirteen heavy metals (Fe, Al, Zn, Cu, Cr, Mn,Ni, B, Pb, As, Co, Cd, and Hg) in the organs (skins, bones, muscles, livers and kidneys) of the biological specimens, and the comet assay revealed DNA damage in blood lymphocytes for the first time. This study was conducted at close to the marble and stone quarries at Korkuteli, Antalya-Turkey during spring,summer, autumn (2017) and winter (2018) seasons. In spring and summer, genetic damage in blood lymphocytes from all polluted sites (sites 1e5) was significantly higher than that of controls, while in autumn it was higher in samples from three sites (sites 3e5). In terms of heavy metal distribution in organs, we found depositions of Fe, Al, Zn, Ni, Mn, Cr, Co, As and Pb primarily in the skin with its derivatives, Cu and Cd deposits in the kidney, Cu, Cd and B deposits in the liver, and As and Pb depositions in the bones. The study shows that certain organs (especially skin with its derivatives) and blood lymphocytes of Levant vole can be used as ideal indicators of heavy metal pollution. Our results suggest that the Korkuteli area could already be under the threat of heavy metal pollution.This work was supported by The Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Akdeniz University. Project Number: FDK- 2016-1421.We special thanks to Dr. Levent Sarıkçıoglu for this support to use Fluorescence microscope in this study
A case study of tas 37 provisions, contingent liabilities and contingent assets examination
No full textGünümüzde globalleşmenin etkisiyle ticaret uluslararası boyut kazanmıştır. Ticari işlemlerin uluslararası nitelik kazanması, finansal tabloların hazırlanmasında ortak bir dil kullanılmasını gerekli kılmıştır. Yatırım kararı alacak olan kişiler için finansal tablolarda yer alan bilgiler son derece önem taşımaktadır. Finansal tablolarda yer alan bilgilerin, gerçeği yansıtan, şeffaf ve kıyaslanabilir olması uluslararası ticaret için vazgeçilmez bir unsur olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır.
Türkiye, dünyada ortaya çıkan standartlaşma çabalarının gerisinde kalmamış ve uluslararası standartlarla uyumlu Türkiye Muhasebe Standartlarını oluşturmuştur. Bu standartların iyi anlaşılabilmesi ve uygulanabilmesi uluslararası arenada Türkiye’nin de var olabilmesi açısından son derece önemlidir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye Muhasebe Standartları’ndan, TMS 37 Karşılıklar, Koşullu Borçlar ve Koşullu Varlıklar Standardı ele alınmış, bu konu hakkında ayrıntılı bilgi verilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu kavramlardan hangilerinin finansal tablolara ne şekilde yansıdığının, ayrıntılarına değinilerek ve örnek uygulamalarla desteklenerek daha anlaşılır hale gelmesini sağlamak amaçlanmıştır.
Çalışmanın daha iyi kavranabilmesi için Türkiye Muhasebe Standartları’nı uygulamakla yükümlü bir işletmeye ait, TMS 37 kapsamına giren işlemleri, örnek bir uygulama hazırlanarak, muhasebeleştirilmiş ve dönem sonu itibarı ile standartlara uygun finansal tabloları sunulmuştur.Nowadays, trade has gained an international dimension with the impact of globalization. The international nature of trade transactions requires the use of a common language in the preparation of financial statements. The information contained in the financial statements for those, who will make investment decisions, is extremely important. The fact that the information contained in the financial statements is objective and comparable is an indispensable element for international trade.
Turkey has not fallen behind the efforts of standardization in the world and has set up Turkish Accounting Standards in line with international standards. It is extremely important to understand and apply these standards in terms of the existence of Turkey in the international arena. In this context, among the Turkish Accounting Standards, TAS 37 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets have been analyzed and detailed information on this issue has been provided. It aims to make it more understandable by referring to the details of how these concepts are reflected in the financial statements and supporting them with sample applications.
In order to make the work more understandable, the transactions of an enterprise that is obliged to obey the Accounting Standards of Turkey have been done with a sample application and financial statements have been presented in accordance with the standards at the end of the period
Investigation of Potential Toxic, Genotoxic and Mutagenic Effects of Trimethylolpropane Triacrylate Using Drosophila melanogaster
No full textTrimetilolpropan triakrilat (TMPTA), mürekkepler, plastikler, ahşap ve metal kaplamalar gibi farklı malzeme ve formüllerde yaygın olarak kullanılan bir kimyasaldır. Birçok alanda yaygın olarak kullanılmasına rağmen bu maddenin genotoksik potansiyeli çeşitli in vivo ve in vitro yaklaşımlarla net olarak ortaya konmamıştır. TMPTA'nın olası riskleri hakkında literatürdeki in vitro ve in vivo verilerin çelişkili olması nedeniyle, bu kimyasal toksisite ve
genotoksisite analizleri için kullanılmaya devam etmektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı, in vivo bir model olan Drosophila melanogaster ile TMPTA'nın potansiyel toksik ve genotoksik etkilerini ortaya çıkarmaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Drosophila Comet, kanat somatik mutasyon ve rekombinasyon (SMART) testleri uygulanmış ve fenotipik değişiklik belirlenmiştir. SMART yönteminde kromozom kırılması, nokta mutasyonu ve mitotik rekombinasyon tek tip klonlara neden olurken; mitotik rekombinasyon ise ikiz klonların oluşmasına neden olmaktadır. Drosophila hemosit hücrelerinde DNA hasarını tespit etmek için Comet testi uygulanmıştır. Deneme konsantrasyonu olarak 10 mM konsantrasyon canlılık açısından toksik etki gösterdiğinden, Drosophila'da genotoksisite ve mutajenite çalışmaları için 10 mM'nin altındaki konsantrasyonlarda testler yapılmıştır. Özellikle test edilen tüm toksik olmayan konsantrasyonlarda (0.5, 1, 2.5 ve 5 mM) TMPTA, Drosophila SMART testinde mutajenik etkiler ve Comet testinde genotoksik etkiler göstermiştir. Ancak, TMPTA'nın toksik olmayan konsantrasyonlarında kanatlar, göğüs kılı ve gözler açısından fenotipik değişiklikler tespit edilmemiştir. Bu çalışma, TMPTA'nın Drosophila’daki toksik ve genotoksik etkilerinin değerlendirildiği literatürdeki ilk çalışmadır.Trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA) is a chemical which is commonly used in different materials and formulas such as inks, plastics, wood and metal coatings. Although it is widely used in many fields, the genotoxic potential of this substance has not been clearly demonstrated. Because of the conflictive in vitro and in vivo data in the literature about possible risks of TMPTA, this chemical remains to be used for toxicity and genotoxicity analyses. In this context, the aim of this study is to reveal the potential toxic and genotoxic effects of TMPTA in Drosophila melanogaster as an in vivo model. In accordance with this aim, Drosophila Comet, wing somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART) were performed and phenotypic alterations were determined. In SMART method, chromosome breakage, point mutation and mitotic recombination cause single spots while mitotic recombination causes twin spots. Comet assay applied to detect DNA damage in Drosophila hemocyte cells. Since the trial concentration of 10 mM showed toxic effect in terms of viability, tests were carried out at concentrations below 10 mM. All the tested non-toxic concentrations (0.5, 1, 2.5, and 5 mM) of TMPTA showed mutagenic effects in the Drosophila Comet Assay, and genotoxic effects were observed by SMART Assay. However, phenotipic alterations were not detected in non-toxic concentrations of TMPTA in terms of wings, thorax bristle, and eyes. This is the first study in the literature to evaluate the toxic and genotoxic effects of TMPTA in Drosophila.No sponso
Drosophila: çevresel kirleticilerin toksisitesini değerlendirmek için umut veren bir model
Full text linkEnvironmental contamination has now become a major global issue with adverse effects on our health and food security. Humans and animals are being exposed to debilitating levels of contamination on a daily basis. Across the globe, air pollution alone causes millions of premature deaths annually, mainly from lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), stroke, heart failure, and respiratory infections, and according to World Health Organization (WHO), 99% of humanity breathes air containing contaminants above recommended levels. The United Nations (UN) has identified “a pollution-free planet” goal among its three pillars, besides climate change and biodiversity for 2022–2025. In order to mitigate contamination and relieve our burden of pollution-related disease, we need to devise target-specific strategies. To that end, risk assessment of each chemical and natural contaminants and solid evidence from toxicity studies appear to be of paramount importance. Meticulous efforts should be made to look into possible mechanisms of action for each pollutant and detect their toxic potential and safe limits through comprehensive in vivo animal testing. Various factors such as high operational costs and ethical issues concerning the use of higher vertebrates frustratingly restrict the efficient use of traditional in vivo testing. Therefore, simpler and more dynamic model organisms like Drosophila melanogaster could be favored for toxicity studies, as 75% of the genes related with human diseases are known to have homologs in D. melanogaster, which facilitates research into different anomalies. This review aims to present the picture of studies regarding environmental pollutants that employed using D. melanogaster, attempting to offer a comprehensive analysis of risks involved in exposure to environmental pollutants.Çevre kirliliği artık sağlığımız ve gıda güvenliğimiz üzerinde olumsuz etkileri olan önemli bir küresel sorun haline gelmiştir. İnsanlar ve hayvanlar, günlük olarak kendilerini zayıflatıcı kontaminasyon seviyelerine maruz kalmaktadır. Dünya genelinde tek başına hava kirliliği başlıca akciğer kanseri, kronik obstrüktif akciğer hastalığı (KOAH), felç, kalp yetmezliği ve solunum yolu enfeksiyonları sebebiyle her yıl milyonlarca erken ölüme neden olmakta ve Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (WHO)’ne göre, insanlığın %99’u önerilen seviyelerin üzerinde kirletici içeren havayı solumaktadır. 2022-2025 için iklim değişikliği ve biyolojik çeşitliliğin yanı sıra Birleşmiş Milletler (BM), üçüncü desteğini “kirlilik içermeyen bir gezegen” hedefi olarak belirlemiştir. Kirliliği azaltmak ve kirlilikle ilgili hastalık yükümüzü hafifletmek için hedefe özel stratejiler geliştirmemiz gerekmektedir. Bu amaçla, her bir kimyasal ve doğal kirleticinin risk değerlendirmesi ve toksisite çalışmalarından elde edilen somut kanıtlar çok önemli görünmektedir. Her kirletici için olası etki mekanizmalarını araştırmak ve kapsamlı in vivo hayvan testleri yoluyla bu kirleticilerin toksik potansiyellerini ve güvenli sınırlarını saptanmak için titiz çaba gösterilmelidir. Yüksek çalışma maliyetleri ve daha yüksek omurgalıların kullanımına ilişkin etik sorunlar gibi çeşitli faktörler, geleneksel in vivo testlerin verimli kullanımını engelleyici bir şekilde kısıtlamaktadır. Bu nedenle, toksisite çalışmaları için D. melanogaster gibi daha basit ve dinamik model organizmalar tercih edilebilir, çünkü insan hastalıklarıyla ilgili genlerin %75’inin D. melanogaster’de homologları olduğu bilinmektedir, bu da farklı anomalilerin araştırılmasını kolaylaştırmaktadır. Bu derleme, D. melanogaster kullanılarak çevresel kirleticilerle ilgili çalışmaları belirterek çevresel kirleticilere maruz kalmayla ilgili risklerin kapsamlı bir analizini sunmayı amaçlamaktadır.No sponso
Novel insights into acute/chronic genotoxic impact of exposure to tungsten oxide nanoparticles on Drosophila melanogaster
No full textTungsten oxide nanoparticles (WO3 NPs) have now been employed by various products including electronics, smart screens, gas-biosensors, water purifiers, disinfectants, and biomedical applications. Despite this wide-ranging adoption, little research has investigated their potential endpoint biomarkers in different in vivo models. We therefore propose the use of Drosophila melanogaster as a testing model in assessing genotoxic risks of exposure to WO3 NPs. Our study examined toxicity, phenotypic alterations, locomotor behavior (climbing assay), intracellular oxidative stress (ROS), DNA damage (Comet assay), and somatic recombination (wing spot assay) in Drosophila melanogaster after exposure to WO3 NPs (43.71 ± 1.59 nm) and microparticulated (MPs) of WO3. Drosophila larvae were exposed to the test materials via ingestion at doses ranging between 1 and 10 mM, and two greatest doses of NPs (5 and 10 mM) were found to cause mutagenic/recombinogenic effects, while the MPs caused no effects. Wing-spot assay detected genotoxic activity of NPs mostly through somatic recombination, and Comet assay showed DNA damage after exposure to NPs at certain doses (1, 2.5, 5, and 10 mM). Other observations included ROS generation in hemocytes, phenotypic alterations in the mouths and wings of adult flies, and impaired locomotor behavior. This is the first research to report genotoxic evidence on the impact of WO3 exposure in Drosophila larvae, highlighting the significance of this model organism in exploring the potential biological impact of nanoparticles and MPs of WO3. The results of our in vivo testing should make a vital contribution to the existing database on the genotoxicity of WO3 NPs.No sponso
Genotoxicity mechanism of food preservative propionic acid in the in vivo Drosophila model: gut damage, oxidative stress, cellular immune response and DNA damage
No full textPropionic acid is a short-chain fatty acid that is the main fermentation product of the enteric microbiome. It is found naturally and added to foods as a preservative and evaluated by health authorities as safe for use in foods. However, propionic acid has been reported in the literature to be associated with both health and disease. The purpose of this work is to better understand how propionic acid affects Drosophila melanogaster by examining some of the effects of this compound on the D. melanogaster hemocytes. D. melanogaster was chosen as a suitable in vivo model to detect potential risks of propionic acid (at five concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 10 mM) used as a food preservative. Toxicity, cellular immune response, intracellular oxidative stress (reactive oxygen species, ROS), gut damage, and DNA damage (via Comet assay) were the end-points evaluated. Significant genotoxic effects were detected in selected cell targets in a concentration dependent manner, especially at two
highest concentrations (5 and 10 mM) of propionic acid. This study is the first study reporting genotoxicity data in the hemocytes of Drosophila larvae, emphasizing the importance of D. melanogaster as a model organism in investigating the different biological effects caused by the ingested food preservative product.No sponso
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