1,720,970 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Prospective clinical study of association of vascular inflammation factors with atherosclerotic plaque composition
No full textBackground and aims: Amyloid-beta (40) (Αβ40), a proinflammatory and pro-atherosclerotic peptide, is associated with concurrent subclinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and with major adverse cardiac events in both primary and secondary prevention settings conferring additive and reclassification value over traditional risk factors and risk scores. This evidence supports the hypothesis that Αβ40 could be a biomarker of ASCVD. However, mechanistic data on the association of Αβ40 with in vivo morphological characteristics of atherosclerosis related with plaque vulnerability are not available. We aimed to examine the association of Αβ40 levels with characteristics of the carotid artery wall in the general population. Methods: We analyzed consecutively recruited individuals with clinically overt ASCVD (n=138) and without ASCVD (n=342) from the Athens Cardiometabolic cohort. Carotid atherosclerosis was assessed by high-resolution ultrasonography and the images were analyzed using a dedicated software (AMS v3.03). Grey scale median (GSM) of intima-media thickness (IMT) and plaques, reflecting plaque composition and vulnerability, was the primary end-point of the study. The total and maximal plaque areas were also assessed. In n=56 patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, histological plaque features were analysed. Vascular markers in patient without clinically overt ASCVD were assessed at two time-points (median of 35.5 months from baseline). Plasma Αβ40 levels were measured at baseline. Results: Increased Αβ40 levels were associated with higher odds for lower IMT GSM and lower plaque GSM in all carotid sites (OR=2.54 increase for highest vs lower Αβ40 tertiles 95% CI: 1.35, 4.79, p=0.004 for IMT GSM and OR= 4.78 increase for highest vs lower Αβ40 tertiles 95% CI: 1.69, 13.52, p=0.025 for plaque GSM) after adjustment for the core model and sum of carotid wall thickness. Moreover, increased Αβ40 levels were associated with increased odds for higher total and maximal plaque area (OR= 3.81 increase for highest vs lower Αβ40 tertiles 95% CI: 1.35, 10.75, P=0.011, OR=4.68 increase for highest vs lower Αβ40 tertiles 95% CI: 1.68, 14.21, P=0.002 for maximal and total plaque area, respectively). These associations did not change after further adjustment for hs-CRP and lipid-lowering treatment. In patients with stable coronary artery disease and acute coronary syndrome, Aβ40 levels were not associated with markers of carotid plaque and IMT (p>0.05 for all). Importantly, increased Αβ40 levels were associated with decreasing or persistently low GSM levels of IMT and plaque (OR= 2.78 increase for highest vs lower Αβ40 tertiles 95% CI: 1.46, 3.68, p=0.002 for IMT GSM and OR=4.5 increase for highest vs lower Αβ40 tertiles 95% CI: 1.63, 12.44, p=0.004, for plaque GSM) at follow-up after adjustment for the core model and sum of carotid wall thickness. Moreover, increased Αβ40 levels were associated with higher odds for increased or persistently high carotid atherosclerosis burden (OR=4.49 95% increase for highest vs lower Αβ40 tertiles CI: 1.54, 13.09, p=0.006 for delta of maximum plaque area and OR=5.15 increase for highest vs lower Αβ40 tertiles increase 95% CI: 1.70, 15.58, p=0.004 for delta of total of plaque area) at follow-up after adjustment for the core model. These associations did not materially change after further adjustment for hs-CRP and lipid-lowering treatment. In the histological analysis, Aβ40 levels were associated with lower incidence of calcified plaques (OR=0.222 95% CI: 0.055-0.895, p=0.034) and plaques without high-risk features (OR=0.177, 95% CI: 0.034, 0.918, p=0.039).Conclusions: In patients without clinically overt ASCVD, high circulating Αβ40 levels are cross-sectionally and longitudinally associated with markers of carotid plaque vulnerability irrespective of traditional risk factors, systemic inflammation and the extent of atherosclerotic burden. Moreover, Aβ40 levels were associated with histological features of lower plaque calcification and lower incidence of plaques without high-risk features in severely stenotic plaques from patients undergoing endarterectomy These findings support experimental evidence linking Αβ40 with plaque vulnerability possibly mediating its established association with major adverse cardiovascular events.Υπάρχουσα γνώση-σκοπός: Το κυκλοφορούν αμυλοειδές-β 40 (Αβ40) έχει προ-φλεγμονώδεις και αθηρωματικές ιδιότητες και θα μπορούσε να χρησιμεύσει ως βιοδείκτης στην αθηροσκληρωτική καρδιαγγειακή νόσο (ΚΑΝ). Επιδιώξαμε να αξιολογήσουμε την συσχέτιση των επιπέδων Αβ40 με τα χαρακτηριστικά του τοιχώματος της καρωτίδας στο γενικό πληθυσμό. Μεθοδολογία: Αναλύσαμε διαδοχικά προσληφθέντα άτομα με κλινικά έκδηλη ΚΑΝ (n=138) και χωρίς κλινικά έκδηλη ΚΑΝ (n=342) από την Καρδιομεταβολική κοόρτη της Αθήνας. Η αθηροσκλήρωση των καρωτίδων αξιολογήθηκε με υπερηχογράφημα υψηλής ανάλυσης και με τη χρήση ειδικού λογισμικού ανάλυσης εικόνων (AMSv3.03). Το gray-scale median (GSM) του πάχους του έσω-μέσου χιτώνα (IMT) και των αθηρωματικών πλακών (plaque) ήταν τα κύρια τελικά σημεία της μελέτης. Το χαμηλό GSM σχετίζεται με περισσότερο ευάλωτη αθηρωματική πλάκα. Οι αγγειακοί δείκτες στους ασθενείς χωρίς ΚΑΝ αξιολογήθηκαν σε δύο χρονικές στιγμές (διάμεση τιμή 35.5 μηνών από την αρχική τιμή). Σε 56 ασθενείς που υποβλήθηκαν σε καρωτιδική ενδαρτηρεκτομή, αναλύθηκαν τα ιστολογικά χαρακτηριστικά της πλάκας Τα επίπεδα του Αβ40 στο πλάσμα μετρήθηκαν κατά την έναρξη της παρακολούθησης. Αποτελέσματα: Το Aβ40 συσχετίστηκε με χαμηλότερο IMT-GSM και plaque-GSM (OR=2.54 αύξηση για τα υψηλότερα έναντι των χαμηλότερων τριτημορίων Αβ40 95% CI: 1.35, 4.79, p=0.004 για IMT GSM και OR=4.78 αύξηση για τα υψηλότερα έναντι των χαμηλότερων τριτημορίων Αβ40 95% CI: 1.69, 13.52, p=0.025 για plaque GSM) και υψηλότερη συνολική και μέγιστη επιφάνεια πλάκας μετά από προσαρμογή για τους κλασικούς παράγοντες καρδιαγγειακού κινδύνου (TRFs) (OR= 3.81 αύξηση για τα υψηλότερα έναντι των χαμηλότερων τριτημορίων Αβ40 95% CI: 1.35, 10.75, P=0.011, OR=4.68 αύξηση για τα υψηλότερα έναντι των χαμηλότερων τριτημορίων Αβ40 95% CI: 1.68, 14.21, P=0.002 για τη μέγιστη και τη συνολική επιφάνεια της πλάκας, αντίστοιχα). Στους ασθενείς με σταθερή στεφανιαία νόσο και με οξύ στεφανιαίο σύνδρομο τα επίπεδα του Αβ40 δεν συσχετίστηκαν με τα χαρακτηριστικά της αθηρωματικής πλάκας και του IMT (p>0.05 για όλες τις συσχετίσεις). Το Αβ40 συσχετίστηκε επίσης με μείωση/σταθερά χαμηλού ΙMT-GSM και plaque-GSM (OR= 2.78 αύξηση για τα υψηλότερα έναντι των χαμηλότερων τριτημορίων Αβ40 95% CI: 1.46, 3.68, p=0.002 για το IMT-GSM και OR=4.5 αύξηση για τα υψηλότερα έναντι των χαμηλότερων τριτημορίων Aβ40 95% CI: 1.63, 12.44, p=0.004, για το plaque GSM.) και με αύξηση/σταθερά αυξημένο εμβαδό της πλάκας μετά από προσαρμογή για τους TRFs (OR=4,49 95% αύξηση για τα υψηλότερα έναντι των χαμηλότερων τριτημορίων Aβ40 CI: 1.54, 13.09, p=0.006 για το δέλτα της μέγιστης επιφάνειας της πλάκας και OR=5.15 αύξηση για τα υψηλότερα έναντι των χαμηλότερων τριτημορίων Αβ40 αύξηση 95% CI: 1.70, 15.58, p=0.004 για τη μεταβολή της μέγιστης και της συνολικής επιφάνειας της πλάκας, αντίστοιχα). Οι συσχετίσεις αυτές παρέμειναν σημαντικές μετά από προσαρμογή για την C-αντιδρώσα πρωτεΐνη και τo εμβαδό της πλάκας (για το GSM). Στην ιστολογική ανάλυση, τα επίπεδα Aβ40 συσχετίστηκαν με χαμηλότερη συχνότητα εμφάνισης ασβεστοποιημένων πλακών (OR=0.222 95% CI: 0.055-0.895, p=0.034) και πλακών χωρίς χαρακτηριστικά υψηλού κινδύνου (OR=0.177, 95% CI: 0.034, 0.918, p=0.039).Συμπεράσματα: Σε ασθενείς χωρίς κλινικά εμφανή ΚΑΝ, τα υψηλά επίπεδα Aβ40 στην κυκλοφορία συνδέονται με χαμηλή GSM, έναν τεκμηριωμένο υπερηχογραφικό δείκτη ευαλωτότητας της καρωτιδικής πλάκας, ανεξάρτητα από τους κλασικούς παράγοντες κινδύνου, τη συστηματική φλεγμονή και την έκταση του αθηρωματικού φορτίου. Επιπλέον, τα επίπεδα Αβ40 συσχετίστηκαν με ιστολογικά χαρακτηριστικά χαμηλότερης ασβεστοποίησης της πλάκας και χαμηλότερη συχνότητα εμφάνισης πλακών χωρίς χαρακτηριστικά υψηλού κινδύνου σε σοβαρά στενωτικές πλάκες από ασθενείς που υποβλήθηκαν σε ενδαρτηρεκτομή Τα ευρήματα αυτά υποστηρίζουν προηγούμενα αποτελέσματα από προκλινικές και κλινικές μελέτες που συνδέουν το Aβ40 με την ασταθή αθηρωματική πλάκα και μείζονα δυσμενή καρδιαγγειακά συμβάντα, αντίστοιχα
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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