1,721,038 research outputs found
Trans-plasma membrane electron transport in human blood platelets
No full textThe plasma membrane redox (PMR) system is important for cell metabolism and survival; it is also crucial for blood coagulation and thrombosis. This review will give an update on the PMR system, with a particular regard to platelets, and on the role of antioxidant vitamins belonging to this system. © 2008 Bentham Science Publishers Ltd
Fanconi anaemia in Italy: high prevalence of complementation group A in two geographic clusters
No full textserum cytokine levels in children affected with chronic ITP treated with short course high dose methylprednisolone
No full textActivation of human platelets by 2-arachidonoylglycerol is enhanced by serotonin
No full textThe endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) has been shown to activate human platelets in platelet-rich plasma, by binding to a "platelet-type" cannabinoid receptor (CBPT). Here, washed human platelets were used to characterize the binding of [H-3]2-AG to CBPT, showing a dissociation constant (Kd) of 140 +/- 31 nM and a maximum binding (Bmax) of 122 +/- 10 pmol.mg protein(-1). Selective antagonists of both CBI and CB2 cannabinoid receptors inhibited this binding, which was enhanced up to similar to230% over the controls by 1 muM serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT). Human platelets were also able to bind [H-3]5-HT (Kd = 79 +/- 17 nM, Bmax = 14.6 +/- 1.3 pmol.mg protein(-1)), and 1 muM 2-AG enhanced this binding up to similar to150%. Moreover, they were able to take Up [3H]5-HT through a high affinity transporter (Michaelis-Menten constant = 22 +/- 2 nM, maximum velocity = 344 +/- 15 pmol.min(-1).mg protein(-1)), which was not affected by 2-AG. Interestingly, 5-HT did not affect the activity of the 2-AG transporter of human platelets. Treatment of washed platelets with 1 muM 2-AG led to increased intracellular inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (up to similar to300%) and decreased cyclic AMP (down to similar to50%). Furthermore, treatment of pre-loaded platelets with 1 muM 2-AG induced a similar to300% increase in [H-3]2-AG release, according to a CBPT-dependent mechanism. Also, 1 muM 5-HT enhanced the effect of 2-AG on inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (similar to500% of the controls), cyclic AMP (similar to20%) and [H-3]2-AG release (similar to570%), and the latter process was shown to be partly (similar to50%) involved in the 5-HT-dependent platelet activation. Taken together, reported findings represent the first demonstration that 2-AG and 5-HT can mutually reinforce their receptor binding on platelet surface, which might have therapeutic implications
Fanconi anaemia in Italy: high prevalence of complementation group A in two geographic clusters
No full textThrombosis in adult patients with acute leukemia
No full textRecent studies indicate that the risk of thrombosis in hematologic patients may be similar or even higher than that found in patients with solid tumors. However, available information about pathogenesis and incidence of thrombosis in acute leukemia is limited. This review focuses on mechanisms underlying thrombosis in acute leukemia and discusses recent literature data
Trans-Plasma Membrane Electron Transport in Mammals: Functional Significance in Health and Disease
No full textTrans-plasma membrane electron transport (t-PMET) has been established since the 1960s, but it has only been subject to more intensive research in the last decade. The discovery and characterization at the molecular level of its novel components has increased our understanding of how t-PMET regulates distinct cellular functions. This review will give an update on t-PMET, with particular emphasis on how its malfunction relates to some diseases, such as cancer, abnormal cell death, cardiovascular diseases, aging, obesity, neurodegenerative diseases, pulmonary fibrosis, asthma, and genetically linked pathologies. Understanding these relationships may provide novel therapeutic approaches for pathologies associated with unbalanced redox state
Non-classical antileukemia activity of early recovering NK cells after induction chemotherapy and HLA-identical stem cell transplantation in myeloid leukemias [8]
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