1,720,967 research outputs found
Analisi epidemiologiche come informazione sanitaria di governo
No full textVererà inserito all'apertura delle bibliotech
L'approccio epidemiologico allo studio degli effetti dell'inquinamento atmosferico sulla salute umana
No full textVerrà inserito appena riaprirannio le bibliotech
Durata dell'immunità antitetanica in relazione al numero di dosi di vaccino
No full textDa aggiungere non appena riapriranno le bibliotech
Problems in the assessment of human exposure to tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD): the marker chloracne
No full textAn epidemiological study, aiming to assess the extent of the exposure to tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD) of the population involved in the Seveso accident, needs an effective information system, able to answer the questions usually asked--such as: why? what? who? where? when? how long?--and therefore concerning the wide range of the expected events, from the early cases till the ones expected in the long term. The paper is concerned with evaluation of possible use of chloracne as indicator of human exposure to TCDD, taking into account from one hand chloracne itself (i.e. its latency period, sensitivity, specificity, predictive value of diagnosis, etc) and, from the other, the development of the observational process. Moreover, the paper points out the role of the dermatological findings as representative--more than and before the other clinical findings--of the exposure conditions in the polluted area. The group of subjects classified as "chloracne" by the end of the second screening (May, 1977) included 187 cases, 164 of which were children 0-14 yrs old by the 10th of July 1976; 34 out of 164 were diagnosed in September-December 1976, the other 130 were diagnosed within the screening program. The results of a survey concerning their exposure data, clinical and laboratory findings are detailed. Finally, some remarks are made related to the quality of data. The authors emphasize that the reliability of assessment of health status of the exposed population depends not only upon a comprehensive a posteriori analysis of the different sets of clinical findings, but also upon the degree of integration of the professional staffs involved at operational levels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS
Analisi epidemiologiche come informazione sanitaria di governo
No full textI settori dell'intervento epidemiologico, oggi, si compendiano: nelle indagini epidemiologiche descrittive; nelle indagini epidemiologiche analitiche; nelle indagini valutative che, a loro volta, si articolano in studi di efficacia e di efficienza degli interventi e dei servizi. Se le indagini epidemiologiche della prima metà del nostro secolo privilegiavano aspetti descrittivi, le più recenti sono classificabili in maggior misura tra quelle di epidemiologia analitica. Un importante capitolo delle indagini di efficacia è quello rivolto alla verifica di una tipica procedura di prevenzione secondaria quale lo “screening”, da troppe parti utilizzata in modo acritico, e ritenuta esauriente solo perché gratificante. Tra le condizioni che devono realizzarsi affinché gli interventi sanitari si concretizzino in modo organico e coerente, si possono individuare: l’attivazione di un processo di programmazione sanitaria e lo sviluppo di un adeguato sistema informativo. Questi obiettivi si avvalgono dei due aspetti della ricerca epidemiologica più sopra ricordati: l’approccio descrittivo ed analitico da un lato e l’indagine valutativa dall’altro. Gli autori concludono che, nonostante il messaggio epidemiologico non sia più in grado, come nei decenni trascorsi, di influenzare l’azione pubblica con risultati clamorosi in termini di benefici sanitari, e malgrado l’epidemiologia sia talvolta oggetto di utilizzazioni arbitrarie o strumentali, essa pur rappresenta un mezzo conoscitivo e valutativo essenziale per realizzare una corretta strategia sanitaria
Gynaecomastia and premature thelarche in a schoolchildren population of northern Italy
No full textThe prevalence and incidence of gynaecomastia and thelarche have been studied in pre-school children and school children belonging to different socio-economical classes in two Northern Italian Cities: Milano and Mantova. The children selected underwent three clinical examinations in their own school by the same examinator. The highest prevalence (36.6%) of breast enlargement was observed in nursery children until 2 years of age in Milano. Age and sex specific incidence rates were higher in Milano than in Mantova except in boys 11-14 years old. Assumption of drugs which might induce gynaecomastia thelarche was excluded. Relative risks calculated for veal and chicken must suggest that these are not relevant in the etiology of breast enlargement
Premessa e quadro di sintesi dell'indagine collaborativa
No full textViene presentato il disegno dell'opera che, in 6 volumi, riporta gli studi collaborativi dei sei istituti di ricerca partecipanti all'indagine voluta dal Comune di Milano per conoscere la dotazione strutturale, strumentale e le risorse umane dedicate alle attività di assistenza sociale, socio-sanitaria e sanitaria
Chloracne following Environmental Contamination by TCDD in Seveso, Italy
No full textData are presented on the occurrence of chloracne, clinical symptoms and biochemical changes in 164 children following environmental contamination by TCDD from an industrial accident in Seveso, Italy. An overall positive association was found between the territorial distribution of chloracne cases and the different levels of soil contamination in the affected area. Individual risk factors such as condition and length of exposure, intake via contaminated foods, etc. were evaluated; no single factor appeared to be associated with chloracne. Disturbances of the gastrointestinal tract were more frequently observed in children affected with chloracne than in those from the same areas having no skin lesions. However, no clinically definable systemic disease has been diagnosed
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