959 research outputs found
1H NMR spectroscopy and multivariate analysis as possible tool to assess cultivars, from specific geographical areas, in EVOOs
No full textIn this work, we tested a NMR-based MVA method to assess the authenticity of EVOOs cultivar (from specific origin) declaration by using a total of over a 100 samples coming from different selected areas of Southern Italian Regions (Apulia and Calabria). We built a reference model, by performing unsupervised PCA and supervised PLS-DA, OPLS-DA analyses on the 1HNMR spectra of a 40 monovarietal EVOOs training set. These included 10 Coratina (the most popular Apulian cultivar) together with 10 Picholine, 10 Ogliarola Barese, and 10 Carolea samples (the most common Coratina bitterness smoothers cultivars used in Coratina-based blends). The training set originated PLS-DA reference model was profitably used to assess the class membership for a series of declared monocultivar EVOO samples and to obtain a clear indication for the composition of Coratina-based blends. By using the same reference model we analyzed in blind a test set formed by 40 unknown samples coming from the same areas and we predicted their class or blend composition affinity (later confirmed by suppliers as Coratina- or Coratina-based blends). This proposed method could be a simple and quick tool to assess, also for trading purpose, the cultivar (from given geographical areas) declaration of labeled EVOOs. Practical applications: EVOO is one of the most important element of the Mediterranean diet with its numerous health benefits due to the chemical composition (unsaturated fatty acids and minor components). For this high commercial value in the recent years, EVOO has been processed to adulteration process with seeds oils, refined pomace, and esterified oils with serious damage to its quality. In order to guarantee the quality of this important product, EU Regulation 182 of March 6, 2009, stated the obligatory labeling of EVOO samples with the geographical production area for all European countries. Surprisingly, this regulation lacks of an official methodology to assess the origin and the cultivar of EVOOs. A quick and reproducible method to check the label declaration of commercial EVOOs could be attractive for industry and ensure transparency for consumer choices. Work flow chart illustrating the procedures sequence to assess cultivars, from specific geographical areas, in EVOOs. A reference model is built and its prediction capability is tested with monovarietal and blend commercial extra virgin olive oil samples
Tunisian extra virgin olive oil traceability in the EEC market: Tunisian/Italian (Coratina) EVOOs blend as a case study
No full textIn order to check the reliability of an NMR-based metabolomic approach to evaluating blend composition (and declaration), a series of 81 Italian/Tunisian blends samples at different percentage composition (from 10/90 to 90/10% Coratina/Tunisian oil by 10% increase step) were prepared starting from five Coratina (Apulia) and five Tunisian extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) batches. Moreover, a series of nine binary mixtures blend oils were obtained, starting from the two batches’ oil sums. The models built showed the linear relationship between the NMR signals and the percentage composition of the blends. In particular, a high correlation with the percentage composition of blends was obtained from the partial least squares (PLS) regression model, when the two batches oil sums were used for the binary mixtures of blend samples. These proposed methods suggest that a multivariate analysis (MVA)-based NMR approach—in particular PLS regression (PLSR)—could be a very useful tool (including for trading purposes) to assess quantitative blend composition. This is important for the sustainability of the goods’ free movement, especially in the agrifood sector. This cornerstone policy of current common markets is also clearly linked to the availability of methods for certifying the origin of the foodstuffs and their use in the assembly of final product for the consumer.</jats:p
NMR-Metabolomic Study on Monocultivar and Blend Salento EVOOs including Some from Secular Olive Trees
No full textFive-coordinate Pt(II) complexes with the cis olefin groups of theesterified fatty acid moieties: a platinum delivery to hydrophobictargets
No full textA new method was developed in order to characterize mixtures of fatty acids with different degree of unsaturation. A series of NMR experiments were carried out, studying the reaction between a Pt(II) complex containing the ligand neocuproine and unsaturated moieties of esterified fatty acids and triglycerides derivates of extra virgin olive oil
Servizi di pubblica utilità
No full textL’uso del termine public utilities o dell’equivalente italiano ‘servizi di pubblica utilità’ è
entrato di prepotenza nel vocabolario quotidiano non solo degli addetti ai lavori ma anche
della gente comune. Ciò nonostante una definizione rigorosa del perimetro dei servizi di
pubblica utilità e/o delle caratteristiche in base alle quali possiamo definire un certo settore
un servizio di pubblica utilità manca. Uno degli errori più frequenti e grossolani in cui si
incorre nel definire i servizi di pubblica utilità è quello di attribuire loro caratteristiche in
qualche modo assimilabili a quelle dei beni pubblici. Niente è ovviamente più lontano dal
vero: nessuno dei servizi di pubblica utilità possiede caratteristiche di non-rivalità o nonescludibilità
in misura significativa. L’uso dell’aggettivo ‘pubblico’ sembra quindi
discendere piuttosto dal fatto che storicamente nelle società industriali questi servizi sono
stati a vario titolo oggetto di attenzione da parte dei poteri pubblici, quando non siano stati
prodotti direttamente dai poteri pubblici stessi. La domanda che quindi consegue
naturalmente e che sarà l’oggetto centrale della prima parte di questo capitolo è: perché i
poteri pubblici intervengono così spesso in questi settori? E in subordine ci chiederemo se
l’intervento in questi settori sia sempre e comunque giustificabil
1H NMR Spectroscopy and Multivariate Analysis of Monovarietal EVOOs as a Tool for Modulating Coratina-Based Blends
No full textCoratina cultivar-based olives are very common among 100% Italian extra virgin olive oils (EVOOs). Often, the very spicy character of this cultivar, mostly due to the high polyphenols concentration, requires blending with other “sweetener” oils. In this work, monovarietal EVOO samples from the Coratina cultivar (Apulia, Italy) were investigated and compared with monovarietal EVOO from native or recently introduced Apulian (Italy) cultivars (Ogliarola Garganica, Ogliarola Barese, Cima di Mola, Peranzana, Picholine), from Calabria (Italy) (Carolea and Rossanese) and from other Mediterranean countries, such as Spain (Picual) and Greece (Kalamata and Koroneiki) by 1H NMR spectroscopy and multivariate analysis (principal component analysis (PCA)). In this regard, NMR signals could allow a first qualitative evaluation of the chemical composition of EVOO and, in particular, of its minor component content (phenols and aldehydes), an intrinsic behavior of EVOO taste, related to the cultivar and geographical origins. Moreover, this study offers an opportunity to address blended EVOOs tastes by using oils from a specific region or country of origin
The Effect of Morphometry, Land-Use and Lithology on Landslides Susceptibility: An Exploratory Analysis
No full textGIS features provide simple and useful tools for landslides susceptibility and hazard studies, allowing the identification and the quantification of predisposing factors, and their relative importance. In lithologically homogeneous areas, the most influent factor of landslides is slope morphometry, in particular inclination, height and form. Moreover, within a hydrographic basin, landslides are coupled with drainage network. In fact landslides density and drainage density are positively correlated. Furthermore, human activity strongly influences the development of landslides. In our previous works, we introduced MSI (Morphometric Slope Index) as general index for slope morphometry, combining the main linear and areal morphometric features (area, form, length, inclination, width). Its formula is: MSI=A3D/A2D·L·Rc (where A3D is the three-dimensional area of the slope, A2D is its plan area, L is the slope length and Rc is the circularity ratio). We tested MSI as driver of different erosion landforms, demonstrating its influence in determining, on the one hand, the development and the final arrangement of calanchi drainage network (the typical Italian badlands), and, on the other hand, the erosion processes within them, mainly gullies and landslides. The present study is an exploratory application of this index to landslides susceptibility, aimed to analyze the combined effect of slope morphometry (summarized in MSI), lithology and land-use on the distribution of landslides in small catchments. The study is located in the Italian periadriatic foredeep, in the Abruzzo Region. This study has reinforced our perspective about the validity of the application of the techniques of geomorphometric analysis to the landslides susceptibility. Especially we consider this approach an efficient tool to summarize different controlling factors
La morfologia del versante in funzione dei processi morfogenetici in aree calanchive: l’esempio della Sicilia settentrionale
No full textMetodologia e disegni di ricerca in psicologia clinica
No full textLa ricerca in psicologia clinica si è ampiamente sviluppata negli ultimi decenni con lo scopo di produrre delle conoscenze capaci di fare progredire il progresso scientifico della nostra disciplina e al contempo di favorire le implicazioni pratiche/applicative dei propri risultati. Come mostrato in questo capitolo, nel panorama contemporaneo non siamo in presenza di metodologie di serie A e di serie B e i vari metodi di ricerca, quantitativi e qualitativi, possono essere utilizzati in funzione delle domande e delle ipotesi che il ricercatore vuole indagare. Troppo a lungo si è dibattuto su presunte gerarchie di merito tra ricerca quantitativa e qualitativa o tra studi estensivi effettuati con ampi campioni di soggetti e ricerche su caso singolo. In estrema sintesi, potremmo affermare che oggi il compito del ricercatore in psicologia clinica è di effettuare studi di “buona qualità”, intesa come il frutto sia dell’applicazione di una corretta metodologia di ricerca, coerente con le ipotesi da verificare sia, parallelamente, della rilevanza clinica dei risultati emersi, cioè della loro capacità di incidere nella pratica professionale dello psicologo clinico. Il dialogo tra ricerca e pratica clinica potrà così proseguire in modo
sempre più arricchente e professionalizzante, consolidando le basi scientifiche della nostra disciplina
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