96 research outputs found
The impact of systemic financial stress in the euro area on bilateral exports of goods
No full textPregled literature kaže, da sistemski finančni stres v evrskem območju in njegove posledice še niso popolnoma raziskani. Dosedanje raziskave kažejo, da sistemski finančni stres v evrskem območju negativno vpliva na ekonomsko aktivnost. V tej doktorski disertaciji raziskujemo, ali in kako sistemski finančni stres v evrskem območju vpliva na dvostranski izvoz blaga, pri čemer uporabljamo statične panelne gravitacijske modele mednarodne trgovine z blagom, katerih parametre ocenjujemo po metodah OLS, GPML in PPML, ki jih priporočajo strokovnjaki s področja ekonometrije. Sistemski finančni stres v evrskem območju merimo s »starim« in »novim« CISS-om za evrsko območje ter VSTOXX-om, ki jih uporabljajo tudi drugi raziskovalci na področju ekonomije. Pri raziskovanju uporabljamo nominalne in realne podatke za Avstralijo, Avstrijo, Belgijo, Brazilijo, Ciper, Češko, Dansko, Estonijo, Finsko, Francijo, Grčijo, Hongkong, Indijo, Irsko, Islandijo, Italijo, Izrael, Japonsko, Južno Afriko, Južno Korejo, Kanado, Kitajsko, Latvijo, Litvo, Luksemburg, Malto, Mehiko, Nemčijo, Nizozemsko, Norveško, Novo Zelandijo, Portugalsko, Rusijo, Slovaško, Slovenijo, Španijo, Švedsko, Švico, ZDA in Združeno kraljestvo od leta 2000 do 2014. Na osnovi pregleda literature s področja raziskovanja smo se odločili, da bomo upoštevali rezultate, ki temeljijo na nominalnih podatkih, kot priporočajo strokovnjaki s področja mednarodne ekonomije. Ti rezultati kažejo, da sistemski finančni stres v evrskem območju negativno vpliva na dvostranski izvoz blaga, kar je v skladu z našimi pričakovanji. To velja tudi, če iz vzorca izključimo tretje države. Finančna kriza leta 2008 je pokazala, da motnje v delovanju finančnega sistema negativno vplivajo na dvostransko trgovanje z blagom in njegovo financiranje, kar je povzročilo med ekonomisti in oblikovalci ekonomske politike potrebo po opazovanju in spremljanju sistemskega finančnega stresa. S to doktorsko disertacijo zapolnjujemo vrzel v literaturi o sistemskem finančnem stresu v evrskem območju in njegovih posledicah, kar bo olajšalo sprejemanje ekonomskih in ekonomskopolitičnih ukrepov za blaženje posledic sistemskega finančnega stresa v evrskem območju. Rezultati raziskovanja kažejo, da je sistemski finančni stres v evrskem območju dejavnik dvostranske trgovine z blagom, kar bo prispevalo k nadaljnjemu razvoju mednarodne ekonomije.A literature review shows that systemic financial stress in the euro area and its consequences has not yet been fully studied. Previous research shows that systemic financial stress in the euro area has a negative impact on economic activity. In this dissertation, we investigate whether and how systemic financial stress in the euro area affects bilateral exports of goods. To do so, we use static panel data gravity models of international trade in goods whose parameters are estimated using OLS, GPML and PPML methods recommended by experts in the field of econometrics. Systemic financial stress in the euro area is measured with the old and new CISS for the euro area and the VSTOXX, which are also used by other researchers in the field of economics. In our study, we use nominal and real data for Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Greece, Hong Kong, India, Ireland, Iceland, Italy, Israel, Japan, South Africa, South Korea, Canada, China, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Mexico, Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, New Zealand, Portugal, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the US and the United Kingdom from 2000 to 2014. Following a literature review, we have chosen to include results based on nominal data, as recommended by experts in the field of international economics. These results show that systemic financial stress in the euro area has a negative impact on bilateral exports of goods, which is in line with our expectations. This is true even if third countries are excluded from the sample. The 2008 financial crisis has shown that disruptions in the functioning of the financial system have a negative impact on bilateral trade in goods and its financing, which has prompted economists and economic policymakers to monitor systemic financial stress. With this dissertation, we fill a gap in the literature on systemic financial stress in the euro area and its consequences, which will facilitate the adoption of economic policy measures to mitigate the consequences of systemic financial stress in the euro area. The research findings show that systemic financial stress in the euro area is a factor in bilateral trade in goods which will contribute to the further development of international economics
Modeli financiranja železniške infrastrukture v izbranih evropskih državah in predlog financiranja železniške infrastrukture v Sloveniji : diplomsko delo
No full textThe Differences in the Perceived Size of Export Barriers between Slovenian Exporters during the (Global) Financial and Economic Crisis
No full textV magistrskem delu smo proučili razlike v zaznani velikosti dvajsetih izvoznih ovir v obdob-ju (svetovne) finančne in gospodarske krize med anketiranimi slovenskimi izvozniki glede na njihovo velikost, velikost njihovega izvoza ter število in vrsto držav, v katere so izvažali. Anketirali smo 2.068 slovenskih izvoznikov, pri čemer so v navedenem obdobju spletni an-ketni vprašalnik v celoti izpolnili 103 izvozniki oziroma njihovi vodilni delavci, odgovorni za poslovanje s tujino, kar je 58,5 odstotka vseh anketiranih izvoznikov oziroma njihovih vodil-nih delavcev, odgovornih za poslovanje s tujino, ki so začeli z izpolnjevanjem spletnega an-ketnega vprašalnika. Raziskava je pokazala, da se zaznana velikost izvoznih ovir »premajhna necenovna konkurenčnost anketiranega podjetja«, »premajhna inventivnost anketiranega podjetja«, »premajhna inovativnost anketiranega podjetja« in »premajhna prepoznavnost anketiranega podjetja« v navedenem obdobju statistično značilno razlikuje med anketiranimi podjetji glede na njihovo velikost. Raziskava je pokazala tudi, da se zaznana velikost izvoz-nih ovir »premajhno sodelovanje anketiranega podjetja z drugimi domačimi podjetji pri izvo-zu blaga in/ali storitev«, »premajhno sodelovanje anketiranega podjetja s tujimi podjetji pri izvozu blaga in/ali storitev«, »prevelika konkurenca na tujem trgu« in »prevelika tveganja na tujem trgu« v navedenem obdobju statistično značilno razlikuje med anketiranimi podjetji glede na velikost njihovega izvoza ter da se zaznana velikost izvozne ovire »prevelika tvega-nja na tujem trgu« v navedenem obdobju statistično značilno razlikuje med anketiranimi pod-jetji tudi glede na število držav, v katere so izvažala. Raziskava je tudi pokazala, da se zazna-na velikost nobene izmed izvoznih ovir statistično značilno ne razlikuje med anketiranimi podjetji glede na vrsto držav, v katere so izvažala.In this thesis, the differences in the perceived size of 20 export barriers faced by Slovenian exporters are studied, with particular reference to their size, the size of their exports, and the number and the type of countries they export to. Overall, 2,068 Slovenian exporters were surveyed, of which 103 exporters, or their leading managers responsible for business abroad, fully completed the online questionnaire. This represents 58.5% of all the surveyed export-ers, or the relevant leading managers delegated to the task, who began to fill out the online questionnaire. The survey results show that the perceived size of the following export barriers statistically significantly differs amongst the surveyed exporters with regards to their size: “the lack of enterprise’s non-price competitiveness”, “the lack of enterprise’s inventiveness”, “the lack of enterprise’s innovativeness” and “the lack of enterprise’s visibility”. The results also show that the perceived size of the following export barriers statistically significantly differs amongst the surveyed exporters with regards to the size of their exports: “the lack of enterprise’s cooperation with other domestic enterprises in the export of goods and/or ser-vices”, “the lack of enterprise’s cooperation with foreign companies in the export of goods and/or services, “excessive competition within foreign markets” and “too high risks within foreign markets”. Meanwhile, the perceived size of the export barrier, “too high risks within foreign markets”, also statistically significantly differs amongst the surveyed exporters ac-cording to the number of countries they export to. Furthermore, the results show that the per-ceived size of none of the export barriers statistically significantly differs amongst the sur-veyed exporters with regards to the type of countries they export to
Prevajanje pesniške zbirke The Pill Versus the Springhill Mine Disaster Richarda Brautigana in problematika literarnega prevajanja
No full textRichard Brautigan je eno izmed dobro, a najbrž še vedno ne dovolj poznanih literarnih imen 20. stoletja. Njegova literarna zapuščina je osamelec v takrat prevladujoči beatniški literaturipredstavlja specifično poetiko, ki pred njegovim ustvarjanjem še ni bila odkrita. Ekscentričnost, ki jo je Brautigan nosil v sebi, je pripomogla k nastanku enih izmed najbolj unikatnih in prepoznavnih literarnih del tistega časa, ki so aktualna še danes. Brautigan nikoli ni stremel k temu, da bi ugajal svojemu času in se skladal s takratnimi trendi, tako v literaturi kot izven nje, česar pa ni počel namenoma. Izstopal je, ker je ostajal zvest sebi. Najbolj ga je zaznamovalo otroštvo, intenzivno pa je doživljal stvari vse življenje. Oboje se zrcali v njegovi literaturi, zaradi česar je tudi njegovo življenje izrednega pomena in zato precej podrobno predstavljeno. Brautiganova dela v Sloveniji še niso dosegla splošne prepoznavnosti in tudi zaradi tega sem se odločila, da njegovo pesniško zbirko prevedem v celoti. Poglavitni razlog za to je bila sama genialnost in edinstvenost avtorja ter njegovih del in večno vprašanje prevoda poezije. Literarni prevod že dolgo pesti prevajalce in ustvarjalce originalnih del, prevajanje poezije pa je še posebej kompleksno. Pesmi ni mogoče prevajati dobesedno niti samo po smislu. Potrebno je najti neko srednjo pod, na katero vpliva ogromno dejavnikov - bližina jezikov, podobnost forme, kulturno ozadje, aktualnost poezije... Najbolj ključen akter, ki je pogojen z vsemi dejavniki, je prevajalec sam, saj je končni izdelek na koncu odvisen od njega.Richard Brautigan is one of the well, yet still not well enough known literary names of the 20 th century. His literary legacy stands out among then prevailing Beat Generation literature. His style is very specific, and there was no such writing before his time. Brautigan\u27s eccentricity added to the creation of some of the most remarkable literary writings of that period, and these works are still popular today. Brautigan never strove for approval or aimed to meet the standards of his era, which was visible in his personal life and his writings. He was not trying to stand out, he stood out because he remained faithful to himself. His tough childhood marked Brautigan for life, but despite of that he was very sensual and observant, which can be seen and felt in his literature. Brautigan\u27s life is an important factor in the creation of his works, and that is why a fair amount of this thesis focuses on it. Because Brautigan\u27s works are practically unknown in Slovenia I decided to translate the complete collection The Pill versus the Springhill Mine Disaster. The main reasons for choosing this topic were the very genius and eccentricity of Richard Brautigan, his unique works, and the eternal question of the poetry translation. The literary translation is a problem for translators and authors themselves. Translating poetry is labelled as the most complex section of the literary translation. Poems cannot be translated verbatim, nor can they be translated only by sense. It is necessary to find the middle way which is influenced by many factors - the proximity of languages, the similarity of the form, the cultural backgrounds, the relevance of poetry ... The most crucial agent, influenced by all of the above listed factors, is the author themself, since the final product, the very translation, depends solely on them
Inflation expectations in the United States
No full textPričakovanja v gospodarstvu imajo moč vpliva na prihodnje stanje ekonomije. Inflacijska pričakovanja so še zlasti pomembna, saj se nanašajo na temeljno problematiko v ekonomiji, ki je inflacija. Diplomsko delo predstavlja vpliv inflacijskih pričakovanj na potrošniško vedenje, investicijske odločitve ter na oblikovanje in izvajanje denarne politike zveznih rezervnih bank v ZDA. Poseben poudarek je namenjen vplivu pandemije covid-19 na spremembe v kratkoročnih in dolgoročnih inflacijskih pričakovanjih.
Na osnovi podatkov med leti 2013 in 2024 smo analizirali nihanja ravni pričakovanj pred, med in po pandemiji, pri čemer smo upoštevali demografske spremenljivke, kot so starost, dohodek in izobrazba. Predstavili smo razmerje med dejansko inflacijo in inflacijskimi pričakovanji ter analizirali posledice gospodarskega šoka v tekočem obdobju. Za učinkovito delovanje in višanje odpornosti gospodarstva, morajo oblikovalci gospodarskih politik ne le ohranjati stabilno inflacijsko stopnjo, ampak vzdrževati optimistična pričakovanja med potrošniki.Expectations in the economy have the power to influence its future state. Inflation expectations are particularly important, as they relate to a fundamental issue in the economy: inflation. This thesis presents the impact of inflation expectations on consumer behavior, investment decisions, and the formulation and implementation of monetary policy by the Federal Reserve Banks in the United States. Particular emphasis is placed on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on changes in short- and long-term inflation expectations.
Using data from 2013 to 2024, we analyze fluctuations in expectations levels before, during, and after the pandemic, considering demographic variables such as age, income, and education. We will present the relationship between actual inflation and inflation expectations and analyze the consequences of an economic shock in the current period. To function effectively and increase the resilience of the economy, economic policymakers need to maintain not only a stable inflation rate but also optimistic expectations among consumers
The attitude of economics students towards inflation
No full textDiplomsko delo obravnava odnos študentov ekonomije do inflacije, kjer je tudi vključen pregled odnosa ljudi do inflacije v številnih državah v svetu in v Sloveniji ter v določenih primerih podaja meddržavno primerjavo ter primerjavo med mnenji in pogledi med ekonomisti in splošno javnostjo. Diplomsko delo vključuje tudi tematike želje ljudi po nizki inflaciji, inflacijska pričakovanja gospodinjstev, odnos do obrestnih mer, odnos do monetarne politike in zadovoljstvo z delom pristojnih institucij, učinki inflacije na življenjski standard ljudi, vplivi inflacije na gospodarsko stabilnost, psihološki vplivi inflacije, vplivi inflacije na družbo, vplivi inflacije na gospodarske in politične tokove, vplivi inflacije na ugled države in podrobnejšo analizo študentov Ekonomsko-poslovne fakultete Univerze v Mariboru glede njihovega zadovoljstva z življenjem in finančnim položajem, znanjem o financah, denarni politik in inflaciji ter o njihovem odnosu od inflacije, deflacije in dezinflacije. Na podlagi tega je v diplomskem delu vključeno tudi priporočilo za oblikovalce politike.The thesis examines the attitude of economics students towards inflation, including an overview of how people perceive inflation both worldwide and in Slovenia. In certain cases, it also provides cross-country comparisons as well as comparisons between the opinions and views of economists and the general public. The thesis further addresses topics such as people’s preference for low inflation, households’ inflation expectations, attitudes towards interest rates, attitudes towards monetary policy and satisfaction with the work of relevant institutions, the effects of inflation on people’s standard of living, its impact on economic stability, the psychological effects of inflation, its influence on society, economic and political developments, and the reputation of the country. Moreover, it includes a detailed analysis of students at the Faculty of Economics and Business of the University of Maribor regarding their life satisfaction and financial situation, their knowledge of finance, monetary policy, and inflation, as well as their attitudes towards inflation, deflation, and disinflation. Based on these findings, the thesis also provides recommendations for policymakers
Artificial intelligence and financial supervision in the euro area and the United States
No full textUmetna inteligenca ima potencial za izboljšanje učinkovitosti in inovacij v finančnem
sektorju, vendar prinaša tudi probleme. Kompleksnost in občutljivost algoritmov
umetne inteligence lahko vodita v nenadne šoke in destabilizacijo finančnih sistemov.
Regulatorji se soočajo s težavami pri nadzoru umetne inteligence zaradi kompleksnosti
delovanja in pomanjkanja transparentnosti, kar otežuje pravočasno prepoznavanje
tveganj. Umetna inteligenca pa se lahko uporabi tudi kot rešitev, čeprav ne Evropska
centralna banka ne ameriške Zvezne rezerve ne uporabljajo umetne inteligence pri
svojih osnovnih dejavnostih, pa obe centralni banke raziskujeta potencialno uporabo
umetne inteligence pri svojem delovanju. Eden možnih primerov uporabe umetne
inteligence pri finančnem nadzoru je uporaba pri obvladovanju sistemskega tveganja,
kjer jo lahko uporabljamo na dveh ravneh. Na mikro ravni se umetna inteligenca lahko
uporablja za mikrobonitetni nadzor in notranje upravljanje tveganj, kar omogoča bolj
natančno analizo in odločanje. Nasprotno pa je uporaba umetne inteligence pri
makrobonitetnem nadzoru, ki se osredotoča na stabilnost celotnega finančnega
sistema, bolj zapletena zaradi pomanjkanja podatkov in kompleksnosti finančnih trgov.
Za uspešno integracijo umetne inteligence v regulativne okvire so potrebni jasni
pravilniki, etične smernice ter sodelovanje med regulatorji, industrijo in akademsko
skupnostjo. Nadaljnje raziskave in razvoj so ključni za izboljšanje razumevanja in
obvladovanja tveganj, povezanih z uporabo umetne inteligence v finančnem sektorju.Artificial intelligence has the potential to enhance efficiency and innovation in the financial
sector, but it also presents challenges. The complexity and sensitivity of artificial intelligence
algorithms can lead to sudden shocks and destabilization of financial systems. Regulators face
difficulties in overseeing artificial intelligence due to its operational complexity and lack of
transparency, which complicates timely risk identification. However, artificial intelligence can
also be utilized as a solution, although neither the European Central Bank nor the Federal
Reserves currently employs artificial intelligence in their core activities, both central banks are
exploring the potential use of artificial intelligence in their operations. One potential
application of artificial intelligence in financial oversight is its use in managing systemic risk,
where it can be applied at two levels. Artificial intelligence can be used for micro-prudential
supervision and internal risk management at the micro level, enabling more precise analysis
and decision-making. Conversely, the use of artificial intelligence in macroprudential
supervision, which focus on the stability of the entire financial system, is more complex due
to data scarcity and the intricacies of financial markets. Clear policies, ethical guidelines, and
collaboration among regulators, industry, and academia are essential for the successful
integration of artificial intelligence into regulatory frameworks. Further research and
development are crucial for improving understanding and managing the risks associated with
the use of artificial intelligence in the financial sector
The impact of economic uncertainty on the us economy and tourism
No full textPandemija covida-19 in ukrepi, ki so potrebni za obvladovanje virusa SARS-CoV-2, so v zelo kratkem času prispevali k zrušitvi svetovnega gospodarstva, ki je bilo pred izbruhom virusa na zelo visoki ravni. Dolgoročnih posledic teh ukrepov ne poznamo in ne vemo, kako bo izgledalo gospodarstvo v prihodnosti. Gospodarska negotovost v ZDA je doživela rekordne vrednosti. Opisali bomo, kakšen vpliv je imela gospodarska negotovost v času pandemije covida-19 na ameriški turizem in gospodarstvo. Ugotovili smo, da ima neugoden šok gospodarske negotovosti negativen efekt na realni BDP. Stopnja brezposelnosti se je v času rekordne gospodarske negotovosti povečala s 3,5 odstotka na 14,7 odstotka, kar je najvišja stopnja v 80 letih. Če želimo, da gospodarstvo uspešno deluje, moramo spremljati gospodarsko negotovost in se primerno odzvati. Gospodarska negotovost povzroči takojšnje zmanjšanje neto izvoza turizma za približno 2 %, učinek pa je dolgotrajen. Naraščajoča gospodarska negotovost je skupaj s koronavirusom povzročila enormno zmanjšanje turističnega povpraševanja v ZDA. Turizem tudi v začetku leta 2022 ni na ravni pred pandemijo.The covid-19 pandemic and the measures needed to control SARS-CoV-2 have contributed to the quick collapse of the global economy, which was at a remarkably prominent level before the outbreak. We do not know the long-term consequences of these measures and what the economy of the future will look like. Economic uncertainty in the US has reached record highs. We will describe the impact of economic uncertainty during the Covid-19 pandemic on US tourism and the economy. We find that an adverse shock to economic uncertainty has a negative effect on real GDP. At a time of record economic uncertainty, the unemployment rate rose from 3.5% to 14.7%, the highest rate in 80 years. If we want the economy to work well, we need to monitor economic uncertainty and respond appropriately. Economic uncertainty causes an immediate reduction in net tourism exports of around 2%, with a long-lasting effect. Growing economic uncertainty, together with the coronavirus has led to a huge drop in tourism demand in the US. Tourism is not at pre-pandemic levels even in early 2022
Economic crisis, uncertainty and poverty in Sri Lanka
No full textŠrilanška gospodarska kriza, ki je nastala zaradi številnih dejavnikov, od gospodarskih do političnih, je zelo prizadela gospodarstvo in prebivalce države. Posledice krize so se izrazile v povečanju brezposelnosti, zmanjšanju kupne moči in življenjskega standarda ter povečanju revščine, ki jih je še dodatno poslabšala visoka inflacija in pomanjkanje osnovnih dobrin.
Zaradi pomanjkanja literature o tej temi v slovenskem jeziku smo se odločili problem raziskati in s tem dopolniti obstoječo literaturo. V diplomskem delu smo najprej teoretično predstavili pojma negotovosti in revščine, nato pa se osredotočili na značilnosti šrilanškega gospodarstva ter vzroke in posledice krize. V empiričnem delu smo raziskali vpliv krize na gospodarske in socialne kazalnike ter vsakdanje življenje prebivalcev.
Rezultati so pokazali, da je kriza vplivala na povečanje negotovosti in revščine, pri čemer so bile najbolj prizadete manj razvite regije. Na podlagi ugotovitev smo oblikovali priporočila za oblikovalce politik, ki lahko pomagajo izboljšati gospodarsko stabilnost in socialno blaginjo Šrilanke.The economic crisis in Sri Lanka, caused by a number of economic and political factors, has hit the country\u27s economy and population hard. The consequences of the crisis have manifested themselves in increased unemployment, lower purchasing power and living standards, and increasing poverty, which has been exacerbated by high inflation and shortages of basic goods.
Due to the lack of literature on this topic in Slovenian, we decided to analyse the problem and thus complement the existing literature. In our paper, we first presented the concepts of insecurity and poverty from a theoretical perspective and then focussed on the characteristics of the Sri Lankan economy and the causes and consequences of the crisis. In the empirical part, we analysed the impact of the crisis on economic and social indicators and the daily life of the population.
The results showed that the crisis has contributed to an increase in insecurity and poverty, with the less developed regions being the most affected. Based on our findings, we formulated recommendations for policy makers that could help improve Sri Lanka\u27s economic stability and social well-being
The impact of the covid-19 pandemic on the euro area
No full textPandemija covida-19 je svet v letu 2020 dobro pretresla. Nič hudega sluteči smo zakorakali v novo leto in niti približno si nismo predstavljali situacije, ki jo doživljamo sedaj. 11. marca 2020 je Svetovna zdravstvena organizacija (WHO) razglasila bolezen covid-19 za globalno pandemijo. Govorimo o novem koronavirusu, poimenovanem SARS-Cov-2. To je hud akutni respiratorni sindrom, ki se prenaša z živali na ljudi in lahko povzroča resne bolezni. Države v evrskem območju so z namenom omejevanja okužbe sprejele vrsto ukrepov, da bi preprečile širjenje bolezni. K temu spada predvsem samoizolacija ljudi in ustavitev proizvodnih in poslovnih dejavnosti, kar je vodilo k velikemu padcu gospodarstva v evrskem območju. Pandemija covida-19 je zagotovo največji šok v gospodarstvu evrskega območja vse od začetka evra in od druge svetovne vojne. V prvi vrsti je pandemija covida-19 povzročila nepopravljivo škodo že z izgubo življenj, prav tako pa je demobilizirala evrsko gospodarstvo. Razpršenost pandemije covida-19 je države evrskega območja postavila pred velike izzive za gospodarstvo in finančni sistem. Da bi se gospodarstvo evrskega območja ohranilo, je evropska centralna banka (ECB) od začetka pandemije covida-19 uvedla veliko število ukrepov. Pandemija covida-19 je privedla do velikega vnovičnega oblikovanja cen in vnovičnega pozicioniranja v svetu finančnih trgov. Padec gospodarske rasti in povečana odpornost do tveganj, skupaj z veliko negotovostjo glede prihodnjega razvoja pandemije covida-19, so povzročile izredno nestanovitnost na kapitalskih in drugih trgih za tvegana sredstva, odlive kapitala in močne premike deviznih tečajev. Pandemija covida-19 predstavlja svetovni makroekonomski šok z negotovim obsegom in trajanjem. Dejavnosti v številnih sektorjih, ki vključujejo turizem, prevoz, avtomobilsko industrijo in storitve, so se zrušile v gospodarstvih, ki jih je pandemija covida-19 najbolj prizadela, z upadom povpraševanja pa se kriza širi tudi na druge dele gospodarstva. Izbruh pandemije covida-19 je bistveno vplival na gospodarski sistem, posameznika, družbo in na države kot celoto. Države so se morale soočiti z finančnimi izgubami, ki se nanašajo na turizem, trgovino in druge dejavnosti, pod velikim stresom pa so prav tako banke evrskega območja, saj se zdaj pojavljajo obsežne insolventnosti med podjetji, ki jim sledi val bankrotov.
V delu diplomskega projekta bomo v uvodu predstavili osnovno problematiko, cilje, namen in hipoteze dela diplomskega projekta. V drugem poglavju bomo predstavili osnovna izhodišča, kot sta evrsko območje in njegovo gospodarstvo, ki bosta zajemala tudi zgodovino evrskega območja in Evropsko centralno banko. V tretjem poglavju se bomo na splošno posvetili pandemiji covida-19 in ugotavljali, kakšne posledice je in bo imela na evrsko območje in njegovo gospodarstvo. V zadnjem, četrtem poglavju, bomo opredelili vplive, ki jih je imela pandemija covida-19 na gospodarstvo evrskega območja in na finančno stabilnost, poleg tega pa bomo predstavili tudi ukrepe ECB.The covid-19 pandemic shook the world in 2020. Unsuspectingly, we stepped into the new year and back then todays situation seemed unimaginable. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared covid-19 a global pandemic. We are talking about a new coronavirus called SARS-Cov-2, a severe acute respiratory syndrome transmitted from animals to humans which can potentially cause a serious disease. Euro-area countries have accepted the number of measures to prevent the spread of the disease in order to limit infection. Two of the biggest are self-isolation and cessation of manufacturing and business activities, which has led to a large economic decline in the euro area. The covid-19 pandemic is certainly the biggest shock to the euro area economy since the start of the euro area and since the second world war. The covid-19 pandemic caused irreparable damage with lost lives, and also demobilized euro area economy. The dispersion of the covid-19 pandemic has posed major challenges for the euro area economy in its financial system. In order to help the economy in euro area, the european central bank has introduced a large number of measures since the beginning of the covid-19 pandemic. The covid-19 pandemic has led to a major re-pricing and to repositioning in the world of financial trading. Falling economic growth and increased risk resilience, coupled with high uncertainty about the future development of the covid-19 pandemic, caused extreme volatility in capital and other venture capital markets and strong exchange rate movements. The covid-19 pandemic represents a global macroeconomic shock with uncertain magnitude in duration. In countries most affected by covid-19 pandemic activities in a number of sectors have collapsed, including tourism, transportation, the automotive industry and services. With the decline in demand, the crisis is quickly spreading to other economic areas. The outbreak of the covid-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the economic system, individuals, society and the country as a whole. Countries had to face the financial losses caused by the lack of tourism, trade and other activities. Banks of the euro area are also under great stress, as large-scale insolvencies between companies and the latest wave of bankruptcies are now emerging.
In the introduction of our diploma project, we will present the basic issues, goals, purpose and hypotheses of the work of the diploma project. In the second chapter, we will present basic starting points such as the euro area and its economy, which will also cover the history of the euro area and the European Central Bank. In the third chapter, we will focus on the covid-19 pandemic and find out what the consequences are and will be for the euro area and its economy. In the last, fourth chapter, we will identify the impacts of the covid-19 pandemic on the economy and financial stability of euro area, as well as the measures taken by the ECB
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