26 research outputs found
Prospective end-of-life decision-making: A study of Asian Indian Hindu younger and older adults
No full textThe process of end-of-life decision-making involves the choice of treatment preference and decision-maker. This study examined Asian Indian Hindus' decisions to determine age and cultural effects within the context of socioemotional selectivity theory. Younger (N=100) and older (N=100) Asian Indian Hindus completed a questionnaire on end-of-life scenarios, Western and Indian acculturation and Hindu end-of-life values. Twenty participants were interviewed. Results of sequential logistic regression provide support for the emphases on positive emotional experiences as predicted by socioemotional selectivity theory, but did not indicate age effects. This was substantiated in the qualitative interview data as well as supplemental analyses with a sample of younger (N=64) and older (N=59) non-Hispanic Whites. Asian Indians were less likely to choose life-sustaining treatments than non-Hispanic Whites. Autonomy in decision-making was important to both ethnic groups. The discussion focuses on implications of these findings for socioemotional selectivity and the role of culture in end-of-life decision-making
The effects of aging and dual task performance on language production
No full textThis is an electronic version of an article published in Kemper, S., Schmalzried, R., Herman, R., Leedahl, S., & Mohankumar, D. (2009). The effects of aging and dual task performance on language production. Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition, 16, 241-259. PM#2674132. Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition
is available online at www.taylorandfrancis.comA digital pursuit rotor task was used to measure dual task costs of language production by young and older adults. After training on the pursuit rotor, participants were asked to track the moving target while providing a language sample. When simultaneously engaged, young adults experienced greater dual task costs to tracking, fluency, and grammatical complexity than older adults. Older adults were able to preserve their tracking performance by speaking more slowly. Individual differences in working memory, processing speed, and Stroop interference affected vulnerability to dual task costs. These results demonstrate the utility of using a digital pursuit rotor to study the effects of aging and dual task demands on language production and confirm prior findings that young and older adults use different strategies to accommodate to dual task demands
End-of-life care for people who live in rural or remote areas versus those who live in urban areas
No full textMicrostructure and mechanical properties of nickel coated multi walled carbon nanotube reinforced stainless steel 316L matrix composites by laser sintering process
No full textThe Effects of Varying Task Priorities on Language Production by Young and Older Adults
No full textThe present study compared how varying task priorities affected young and older adults' language production. Both young and older adults responded to monetary incentives to vary their performance when simultaneously talking and tracking a pursuit rotor. Tracking performance improved when they were rewarded for tracking and declined when they were rewarded for talking. Both young and older adults also spoke more slowly when rewarded for tracking and more rapidly when rewarded for talking. Young produced less complex sentences when rewarded for tracking and produced more complex sentences when rewarded for talking. However, older adults did not vary their grammatical complexity as a function of monetary incentives. These results are consistent with prior studies suggesting that older adults use a simplified speech register in response to dual-task demands
Upstream thinking and health promotion planning for older adults at risk of social isolation
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Optical and luminescence properties of carbon dot-doped sulphamic acid crystals: A potential candidate for LED and display technologies
No full textThis study is the first to investigate the influence of carbon dots (CD) on the optical and luminescence properties of sulphamic acid (SA) crystals, with the aim of exploring their potential in optical device applications. High-quality single crystals of pure SA and CD-doped variants (5NCSA and 10NCSA) were synthesized using the slow evaporation solution growth method. The crystalline quality and structural properties were evaluated through powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The Williamson–Hall (W–H) method was employed to calculate crystallite size and analyze the anisotropic strain effects introduced by CD doping, with findings compared to those from the Monshi-Scherrer method. Functional group analysis was conducted using FTIR spectroscopy, while SEM coupled with EDAX provided insights into surface morphology and confirmed CD incorporation. Optical transmission studies evaluated transparency in the UV–visible spectrum. The measured band gap values were 5.86 eV for pure SA, 5.77 eV for 5NCSA, and 5.55 eV for 10NCSA. Furthermore, Raman analysis confirmed the presence of CD within the SA lattice. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra were recorded to analyze emissions at specific excitation wavelengths. PL measurements showed emissions at 373 and 425 nm for pure SA, and at 374 and 426 nm for doped variants, with Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage (CIE) coordinates in the intense blue region. Notably, 10NCSA demonstrated enhanced fluorescence under UV light, surpassing that of pure SA. These findings highlight the potential of CD-doped SA crystals for applications in LED technology, display systems, and fluorescent boards
Anthocyanin modified triphenylamine based organic sensitizer for dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC) - A theoretical approach
No full textComputational Optimization of Adaptive Hybrid Darrieus Turbine: Part 1
No full textDarrieus-type Vertical Axis Wind Turbines (VAWT) are promising for small scale decentralized power generation because of their unique advantages such as simple design, insensitive to wind direction, reliability, and ease of maintenance. Despite these positive aspects, poor self-starting capability and low efficiency in weak and unsteady winds deteriorate further development. Adaptive Hybrid Darrieus Turbine (AHDT) was proposed by the author in the past study as a potential solution to enhance low wind speed characteristics. The objective of the current research is to optimize the parameters of AHDT. AHDT integrates a dynamically varying Savonius rotor with a Darrieus rotor. A fully detailed 2D numerical study employing Reynold-Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) is carried out to investigate the impact of the Darrieus rotor diameter (DR) on the Savonius rotor (DT) with regard to hybrid turbine performance. The power coefficient of the Darrieus rotor is evaluated when the Savonius rotor is in the closed condition (cylinder) of various diameters. The influence of Reynolds number (Re) on the torque coefficient is examined. Power loss of 58.3% and 25% is reported for DR/DT ratio of 1.5 and 2 respectively for AHDT with solidity 0.5 at 9 m/s. The flow interaction between the Savonius rotor in closed configuration reveals the formation of von Karman vortices that interact with Darrieus blades resulting in flow detachment. An optimum diametrical ratio (DR/DT) of 3 is found to yield the maximum power coefficient of the Darrieus rotor
