57 research outputs found
Demonstration of circular shunt in fetal Ebstein anomaly
No full textEbstein′s anomaly was diagnosed in a fetus at 24 weeks of gestation. There was significant cardiomegaly and severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR). There was functional pulmonary atresia with severe pulmonary regurgitation (PR) and this was causing a circular shunt. There was no fetal hydrops
Coronary-to-pulmonary artery collaterals in pulmonary atresia
No full textA 2-month-old baby with ventricular septal defect and pulmonary atresia was found to have coronary-to-pulmonary artery collaterals. Cardiac computed tomography confirmed the coronary collaterals and showed the absence of other systemic to pulmonary artery collaterals. Although these collaterals do not cause coronary ischemia, it is important to delineate them by accurate imaging to plan the appropriate surgical strategy
Green Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Using Ocimum Tenuiflorum (Thulasi) Leaf Extract: Morphological Variations and Antibacterial Activity
No full textSilver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have garnered significant attention due to their unique electrical, optical, and biological properties, with applications spanning food, medicine, cosmetics, textiles, and water treatment. The growing demand for AgNPs necessitates environmentally friendly synthesis methods. This study focuses on the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Ocimum tenuiflorum (Thulasi) leaf extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent. The chemical constituents of Thulasi, such as oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, rosmarinic acid, and eugenol, contribute to its phytomedicinal properties, including antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anticancer activities. Thulasi extracts have been used to synthesize silver nanoflowers (AgNFs) and spherical silver nanoparticles under three deposition conditions: (1) mixing Thulasi extract with silver nitrate at ambient temperature, (2) stirring the mixture at elevated temperatures, and (3) prolonged blending of the extract and silver nitrate solution. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution TEM (HRTEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), and UV-Vis spectroscopy to analyze their structural and morphological variations. The study highlights the influence of synthesis conditions on nanoparticle shape, size, and properties, demonstrating the formation of AgNFs and spherical AgNPs. The antibacterial activity of the nanoparticles against pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was further validated. These findings suggest that Thulasi-mediated AgNPs are promising for diverse applications, including antimicrobial agents in healthcare, food preservation, water purification, and beyond. This study underscores the significance of green synthesis in achieving sustainable and efficient nanoparticle production
An Efficient Resonant Transmitter with Single Stage Boost Receiver Topology for Wireless Power Transfer in Electric Vehicle
No full textType A4 Truncus Arteriosus with Quadricuspid Truncal Valve: A Rare Cause of Infantile Heart Failure
No full textTruncus arteriosus is an exceedingly rare congenital heart disease involving the conotruncal septum of the developing heart. Clinical presentations vary depending on associated anomalies. Surgical management is extremely challenging and differs with anatomic subtypes. We present a case of truncus arteriosus––Vaan Praagh type A4, quadricuspid truncal valve with moderate truncal stenosis and regurgitation, type B interrupted aortic arch who underwent bilateral pulmonary artery banding
Quadricuspid Aortic Valve: Two Asymptomatic Cases of Rare Anomaly
No full textQuadricuspid aortic valve (QAV) is a rare congenital anomaly with <200 cases reported to date. Most patients are asymptomatic. Symptoms depend on the functionality of the valve and associated heart defects, most often presenting as aortic regurgitation followed by aortic stenosis. Management guidelines are ill-defined. We present two cases of QAV with rare associations (ventricular septal defect) and variable clinical presentation
Early and 1-year outcome and predictors of adverse outcome following monocusp pulmonary valve reconstruction for patients with tetralogy of Fallot: A prospective observational study
No full textBackground and Objectives: Repair of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) with monocusp pulmonary valve reconstruction prevents pulmonary regurgitation (PR) for a variable period. Since postoperative outcome is governed by PR and right ventricular function, we sought to assess the severity of pulmonary regurgitation and right ventricular outflow (RVOT) gradient in the immediate postoperative period and at 1 year and attempted to identify the anatomical substrates responsible for adverse outcomes.
Methods: The study included 30 patients. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed before surgery, within 5 days of surgery, and 1 year later. Presence and severity of PR, RVOT gradient, and residual branch pulmonary stenosis were assessed. Right ventricular and monocusp valve functions were studied.
Results: Median age was 36.5 months (3-444 months). There were no deaths. Pulmonary regurgitation was mild in 18, moderate in 10, and severe in 2 patients immediately following surgery. At 1 year, 10 patients had severe PR and one had significant RVOT gradient. None of the variables like age, presence of supravalvar pulmonary branch stenosis, main pulmonary artery diameter, or mobility of monocusp valve was found to have any significant association with the progression of PR. McGoon index <1.5 showed a trend toward more PR, while patients with more residual RVOT gradient had lesser regurgitation.
Conclusions: Repair of TOF with monocusp pulmonary valve reduces immediate postoperative PR. At 1 year, the monocusp valve underwent loss of function in a significant proportion and PR also progressed. This study could not identify any predictors of progression of PR, though patients with McGoon index <1.5 tended to have more PR while those with more outflow gradient had lesser PR
Quantification of ventricular unloading by 3D echocardiography in single ventricle of left ventricular morphology following superior cavo-pulmonary anastomosis and Fontan completion – a feasibility study
No full textBackground: Three-dimensional echocardiography. (3DE) is comparable to cardiac magnetic resonance imaging for estimating ventricular volume in congenital heart diseases. However, there are limited data on estimation of ventricular volumes by 3DE in univentricular heart and change in ventricular volumes after surgical creation of cavopulmonary connection. We sought to quantify the unloading of the single ventricle of left ventricular. (LV) morphology by 3DE after superior cavopulmonary anastomosis. (SCPA) or Fontan operation over a period of 3 months and thereby derive a preliminary 3DE data set on this patient subset.
Patients and Methods: Eighteen patients with functional single ventricle of LV morphology, who underwent SCPA or completion of Fontan circulation, were included in the study. Volume of the ventricle was estimated by 3DE before surgery and after surgery. (in the early postoperative phase and 3 months after surgery), and indexed end-diastolic volume. (EDV), end.systolic volume. (ESV), and ejection fraction. (EF) were derived.
Results: Twelve patients underwent SCPA and six patients underwent staged completion of Fontan circulation. Before surgery, EDV was similar in both groups. There was a significant fall in EDV immediately after SCPA (from 48.3 ± 14.9 ml/m2 to 39.5 ± 12.3 ml/m2). However, EDV increased at 3 months' follow-up to 41.3 ± 10.5 ml/m2. There was no significant fall in EDV immediately after Fontan operation (47.2 ± 10.1 ml/m2−46.6 ± 14.2 ml/m2), but EDV continued to fall at 3 months of follow-up (44.7 ± 10. ml/m2). There was no significant change in ESV in either group, but EF fell significantly after SCPA.
Conclusions: We provide preliminary information on 3DE volume data of single ventricle of LV morphology and the pattern of unloading after SCPA and Fontan operation. Immediate significant volume unloading occurred after SCPA which tended to catch-up after 3 months, whereas continued fall in ventricular volume with time was noted after Fontan
Haemodynamic consequences following closure of an Abernethy malformation in a patient following a total cavopulmonary shunt
No full textAbstractA 17-year-old girl with situs ambiguous, hypoplastic right ventricle with a large ventricular septal defect, and severe pulmonary stenosis had undergone Kawashima operation 10 years back. She had significant desaturation because of a large Abernethy malformation, with reverse shunting from the inferior caval vein to the portal vein. It was closed with a vascular plug, with improvement in oxygen saturation. She developed extensive inferior caval vein thrombus following the procedure, which was managed conservatively by anti-coagulation.</jats:p
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