1,959 research outputs found
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and volatile organic compounds in biochar and biochar-amended soil:a review
No full textResidual pollutants including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and carbon (aceous) nanoparticles are inevitably generated during the pyrolysis of waste biomass and remain on the solid coproduct called biochar. Such pollutants could have adverse effects on the plant growth as well as microbial community in soil. Although biochar has been proposed as a ‘carbon negative strategy’ to mitigate the greenhouse gas emissions, the impacts of its application with respect to long-term persistence and bioavailability of hazardous components are not clear. Moreover, the co-occurrence of low molecular weight VOCs with PAHs in biochar may exert further phytotoxic effects. This review describes the basic need to unravel key mechanisms driving the storage vs. emission of these organics and the dynamics between the sorbent (biochar) and soil microbes. Moreover, there is an urgent need for standardized methods for quantitative analysis of PAHs and VOCs in biochar under environmentally relevant conditions. This review is also extended to cover current research gaps including the influence of biochar application on the short- and long-term fate of PAHs and VOCs and the proper control tactics for biochar quality and associated risk.This study was supported by a grant from the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MEST) (No. 2009-0093848). This work was also carried out with the support of the 'Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science & Technology Development' (Project title: Study on model development to control odor from hogpens, Project No. PJ01052101) Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea. The second author also acknowledges the support made by a National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) Grant funded by the Korean Government (MSIP) (No. 2014RA1A004893)
The making of an endocrinologist in India: Life and times at Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research Calcutta
No full textEndocrinology is relatively one of the newer super-specialties of internal medicine. Following higher secondary schooling, it takes anywhere between 13 and 18 years to become a super-specialist in India, which holds true for endocrinology also. This article intends to highlight the life and the journey of making an endocrinologist in India, through personal experiences, focusing on Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (IPGMER) Calcutta, the largest super-specialty teaching hospital and research institute of Eastern India. In general, there is lack of adequate exposure to endocrinology during the Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery and MD Internal Medicine Training in India. Pre-Doctorate of Medicine (DM) senior residency goes a long way in developing an orientation for endocrinology. Endocrinology DM entrance examinations are usually a rigorous intimidating affair. Endocrinology training at IPGMER was a heady mix of managing huge number of patients with diverse endocrinopathies, laboratory work, academic presentations, and clinical research. The support and back up provided by the entire faculty enhanced the learning process. As I look back, the 3 years of DM residency flew by like the wink of the eye. The journey of endocrinology is the journey of a lifetime
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in biochar and biochar-amended soil: A review
No full textResidual pollutants including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and carbon (aceous) nanoparticles are inevitably generated during the pyrolysis of waste biomass and remain on the solid coproduct called biochar. Such pollutants could have adverse effects on the plant growth as well as microbial community in soil. Although biochar has been proposed as a ‘carbon negative strategy’ to mitigate the greenhouse gas emissions, the impacts of its application with respect to long���term persistence and bioavailability of hazardous components are not clear. Moreover, the co���occurrence of low molecular weight VOCs with PAHs in biochar may exert further phytotoxic effects. This review describes the basic need to unravel key mechanisms driving the storage vs. emission of these organics and the dynamics between the sorbent (biochar) and soil microbes. Moreover, there is an urgent need for standardized methods for quantitative analysis of PAHs and VOCs in biochar under environmentally relevant conditions. This review is also extended to cover current research gaps including the influence of biochar application on the short��� and long���term fate of PAHs and VOCs and the proper control tactics for biochar quality and associated risk.This study was supported by a grant from the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MEST) (No. 2009���0093848). This work was also carried out with the support of the ‘Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science & Technology Development’ (Project title: Study on model development to control odor from hogpens, Project No. PJ01052101) Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea. The second author also acknowledges the support made by a National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) Grant funded by the Korean Government (MSIP) (No. 2014RA1A004893)
Sodium glucose transporter 2 inhibition, euglycemic ketosis and bone mineral loss: Refining clinical practices
No full textEndocrine Labomas
No full textLaboratory endocrinology forms an integral part of 21 st century endocrinology. Perhaps, no other specialty of medicine is as closely associated with laboratory as endocrinology. This review intends to highlight the challenges faced by an endocrinologist before interpreting a hormone assay report. This review by no means is holistic but intends to highlight some of the pitfalls of laboratory endocrinology and arouse further interest in this important but neglected section of endocrinology. Lack of standardization, as well as rigorous implementation is some of the major challenges facing endocrine assays in our country. It is essential to be aware not only of the details of the method of analysis of a hormone, the pre-analytical requisites, but also disease-specific analytical issues to prevent unnecessary concern both for the patient, as well as the treating physician, as well as needless investigations. Problems with interpretation of serum prolactin, thyroglobulin, steroid hormone assays, rennin assay and vitamin-D assay have been highlighted
Dynamics of Network Formation Processes in the Co-Author Model
No full textThis article studies the dynamics in the formation processes of a mutual consent network in game theory setting: the Co-Author Model. In this article, a limited observation is applied and analytical results are derived. Then, 2 parameters are varied: the number of individuals in the network and the initial probability of the links in the network in its initial state. A simulation result shows a finding that is consistent with an analytical result for a state of equilibrium while it also shows different possible equilibria.Dynamics, Network, Game Theory, Model,Simulation, Equilibrium, Complexity
RCSB Protein Data Bank: A Resource for Chemical, Biochemical, and Structural Explorations of Large and Small Biomolecules
No full textThe Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics (RCSB) Protein Data Bank (PDB) supports scientific research and education worldwide by providing access to annotated information about three-dimensional (3D) structures of macromolecules (e.g., nucleic acids, proteins), and associated small molecules (e.g., drugs, cofactors, inhibitors) in the PDB archive. Researchers, educators, and students use RCSB PDB resources to study the shape and interactions of biological molecules and their implications in molecular biology, medicine, biotechnology, and beyond. RCSB PDB supports development of standards for data deposition, representation, annotation, and validation of atomic structural data obtained from various experimental methods. Uniform representation of PDB data is essential for providing consistent search and analysis capabilities for all PDB users, from beginning students to domain experts. The RCSB PDB Web site provides tools for searching, visualizing, and analyzing PDB data, including easy exploration of chemical interactions that stabilize macromolecules and play important roles in their interactions and functions. In addition, educational resources are available for free and unrestricted use in the classroom for exploring chemistry and biology at the molecular level.This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Journal of Chemical Education, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.5b00404Peer reviewe
A Review Of Research By Soumitra Dutta Titled “Strategies For Implementing Knowledgebased Systems”
No full textThe management of organizational knowledge, a relatively new and challenging concept for most organizations, is introduced and discussed in this paper. Around this general topic, the author, Dr. Dutta conducted a series of important concepts from knowledge, organizational knowledge or organizational knowledge assets, Knowledge-Based Systems (KBS’s), to implementation strategies for KBS’s. There is an increasing consensus that the effective management of knowledge is an important basis of competitive advantage for corporations, and that KBS’s can have an important role in the management of organizational knowledge at all levels. Based on an understanding that with considerable progress in the underlying technologies, the major challenges in the implementation of KBS’s have evolved from technical matters and to organizational and strategic issues, Dr. Dutta proposed four different strategies ( guided, specialist, dispersed points, and dispersed clusters) and described them in relation to the different levels of organizational knowledge and the locus of responsibility for the development of KBS’s. Then, the technical, managerial and strategic implications of each of the four strategies have been discussed
Applications of balance optimization subset selection
No full textBalance Optimization Subset Selection (BOSS) is a framework designed to be used for causal inference on observational data. The theoretical foundation for the BOSS framework has been provided in the literature; this thesis aims to provide some examples of the practical value of BOSS by using it on two problems. The first application is using BOSS to determine a subset of users who would be suitable targets for marketing efforts, and the second application is using BOSS to identify potential first-round upsets in the NCAA basketball tournament. Finally, this thesis delves into another area of college basketball and attempts to model the process of the NCAA tournament selection committee using a decision tree.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2018-08-01The student, Shouvik Dutta, accepted the attached license on 2016-07-19 at 12:51.The student, Shouvik Dutta, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2016-07-19 at 12:54.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2016-07-21 at 14:08.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #10013 on 2016-11-10 at 12:21:00Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-10T18:27:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 2016-07-21Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 95292
Lift date: 2018-11-10T18:28:02Z
Reason: Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemLimited Restriction Lifted for Item 95292 on 2018-11-11T10:15:19Z
Similarities between 2D and 3D convection for large Prandtl number
No full textUsing direct numerical simulations of Rayleigh-B\'enard convection (RBC), we perform a comparative study of the spectra and fluxes of energy and entropy for large and infinite Prandtl numbers in two (2D) and three (3D) dimensions. We observe close similarities between the 2D and 3D RBC, in particular the kinetic energy spectrum , and the entropy spectrum exhibits a dual branch with a dominant spectrum. We showed that the dominant Fourier modes in the 2D and 3D flows are very close
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