88 research outputs found
Analýza a kontextualizace života a díla farmakologů W. Wiechowskiho, E. Starkensteina a G. Kuschinskyho se zvláštním zaměřením na jejich přínos moderní farmakologii
No full text1 Chales University 1st Medical Faculty PhD- study programme: History of Medicine Summary of dissertation "Analysis and contextualisation of the work and life of the pharmacologists W. Wiechowski, E. Starkenstein and G. Kuschinsky with particular focus on their contribution to modern pharmacology" Patrick Lukas Zawadzki Prague , 2023 2 The dissertation had been written at the Institute of History of Medicine and Foreign Languages at the First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague from 2019-2022 Author: Patrick Lukas Zawadzki Field of study: History of Medicine PhD supervisor: Prof. PhDr. Petr Svobodný, Ph.D 3 Summary "This dissertation explores three case studies of pharmacologists which had been the Chair of Pharmacology at the Charles University of Prague in the early to mid- 20th century and thereafter. Due to their different personal background and research interests, both their academic research work and also their personal lives are investigated, with regards to their contribution to modern pharmacology and also in terms of political victimization or preferential treatment. The underlying methodological concept has to be seen in Heidegger's hermeneutic phenomenological philosophy, drawing from the understanding of the individual's experiences, adding an interpretative view to his teacher's...externí pracovištěexternal workplacesFirst Faculty of Medicine1. lékařská fakult
Analysis and contextualisation of the work and life of the pharmacologists W. Wiechowski, E. Starkenstein and G. Kuschinsky with particular focus on their contribution to modern pharmacology
No full text1 Chales University 1st Medical Faculty PhD- study programme: History of Medicine Summary of dissertation "Analysis and contextualisation of the work and life of the pharmacologists W. Wiechowski, E. Starkenstein and G. Kuschinsky with particular focus on their contribution to modern pharmacology" Patrick Lukas Zawadzki Prague , 2023 2 The dissertation had been written at the Institute of History of Medicine and Foreign Languages at the First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague from 2019-2022 Author: Patrick Lukas Zawadzki Field of study: History of Medicine PhD supervisor: Prof. PhDr. Petr Svobodný, Ph.D 3 Summary "This dissertation explores three case studies of pharmacologists which had been the Chair of Pharmacology at the Charles University of Prague in the early to mid- 20th century and thereafter. Due to their different personal background and research interests, both their academic research work and also their personal lives are investigated, with regards to their contribution to modern pharmacology and also in terms of political victimization or preferential treatment. The underlying methodological concept has to be seen in Heidegger's hermeneutic phenomenological philosophy, drawing from the understanding of the individual's experiences, adding an interpretative view to his teacher's..
Open data barometer global report
No full textHighlights the lack of open and accessible data on the performance of key public services. If the political and social impacts of open data are to be realised, work to increase the supply of datasets from right across government will be needed, alongside sustained investment in capacity building, training and support for effective data use.
Introduction
The core idea behind Open Government Data (OGD) is a simple one: public data should be a shared resource. Making data open is valuable not only for the government departments that collect and release the data, but also for citizens, entrepreneurs and other parts of the public sector.
The implementation of OGD takes dedicated and sustained policy attention. Affecting widespread impact through the release of OGD relies not only upon the supply of high-quality data, but also upon the capacity of users to work with the data, and the ability of government to engage proactively with those users.
In our complex world, access to OGD has the power to secure enhanced government accountability, empower coordinated action to improve public services and civil society, and inspire new business ideas. Yet far too often, access to data, along with the skills to understand and make use of it, are distributed unequally, and would-be users frequently encounter unnecessary technical and legal restrictions that prevent data re-use. Calls for a “Data Revolution” — led by the United Nations — have placed renewed attention on ensuring the collection and management of high-quality data around the world through strengthened statistical capacity, and are driving a focus on the use of new “big data” resources in policy making. Against this backdrop, questions concerning who has access to data, and whether citizens have the capability and freedoms to create, access, and analyse data about their own communities and concerns, become ever more important for securing a fair balance of power in our societies
Substances in the life of children 8–10 years old
No full textMiklánková Ludmila, Reich Petr, Klimešová Iva, Rechtik Zdeněk. Substances in the life of children 8–10 years old. Journal of Health Sciences. 2014;4(13):85-94. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X.
http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/article/view/2014%3B4%2811%29%3A85-94
http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2014%3B4%2811%29%3A85-94
https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/509709
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13246
http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13246
The former journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland parametric evaluation. Part B item 1107. (17.12.2013).
© The Author (s) 2014;
This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Radom University in Radom, Poland
Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
Conflict of interest: None declared. Received: 10.09.2014. Revised 15.09.2014. Accepted: 04.11.2014.
Substances in the life of children 8–10 years old
Ludmila Miklánková, Petr Reich, Iva Klimešová, Zdeněk Rechtik
Fakulta Tělesné Kultury, Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci, Česká republika
Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
Keywords: lifestyl, children, alcohol, substances, smoking
Summary
The level and quality of human’s health during lifetime is affected by many factors, for example hygienic and eating habbits, value system, physical régime, education, living conditions and job demands. The growth in usage of addictive substances among adolscents raises requirement in studying this topic even in younger age. Pilot research covered 149 children from Czech Republic at the age of 9,62. Results was obtained by project International Visegrad Fund No. 11320057. The survey was aimed on usage of addictive substances and attitudes towards them. Based on the result, we states, that children from research group have experiences especially with drinking of alcohol (wine 72,48 %; plum brandy etc. 43,62 %). Alcohol is usually offered by parents or familly members (26,17 %). An experience with smoking have 33,56 % of probands and 8,5 % from them smokes repeatedly. Alarming is fact, that some probands (5 %) was offered even a drug (marihuanna). The necessary support of preventive programs focused on active spending of leisure time and active lifestyle is obviuos. The state should support the creation and realization of these programs.Miklánková Ludmila, Reich Petr, Klimešová Iva, Rechtik Zdeněk. Substances in the life of children 8–10 years old. Journal of Health Sciences. 2014;4(13):85-94. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X.
http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/article/view/2014%3B4%2811%29%3A85-94
http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2014%3B4%2811%29%3A85-94
https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/509709
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13246
http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1324
Author response image 1. Author response
No full textUbiquitination by HECT E3 enzymes regulates myriad processes, including tumor suppression, transcription, protein trafficking, and degradation. HECT E3s use a two-step mechanism to ligate ubiquitin to target proteins. The first step is guided by interactions between the catalytic HECT domain and the E2∼ubiquitin intermediate, which promote formation of a transient, thioester-bonded HECT∼ubiquitin intermediate. Here we report that the second step of ligation is mediated by a distinct catalytic architecture established by both the HECT E3 and its covalently linked ubiquitin. The structure of a chemically trapped proxy for an E3∼ubiquitin-substrate intermediate reveals three-way interactions between ubiquitin and the bilobal HECT domain orienting the E3∼ubiquitin thioester bond for ligation, and restricting the location of the substrate-binding domain to prioritize target lysines for ubiquitination. The data allow visualization of an E2-to-E3-to-substrate ubiquitin transfer cascade, and show how HECT-specific ubiquitin interactions driving multiple reactions are repurposed by a major E3 conformational change to promote ligation. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.00828.001
Does Strengthening Collective Action Clauses (CACs) Help?
No full textWe study the effect of strengthening CACs in a debt rollover model of a sovereign debt crisis. Conditional on default, there are multiple equilibria: the impact of strengthening CACs depends critically on the prevailing equilibrium. For a subset of equilibria, (i) given a fixed number of creditors, we derive an optimal CAC threshold and (ii) given a fixed CAC threshold, as the number of creditors becomes larger, we show a convergence to efficient information aggregation. Moreover, strengthening CACs may actually increase the ex ante probability of adverse shock. Our analysis makes the case for a formal sovereign bankruptcy procedure.Sovereign Debt, Bargaining, Coordination, Moral Hazard, Collective Action Clauses.
Estimating DSGE Models under Partial Information
No full textMost DSGE models and methods make inappropriate asymmetric information assumptions. They assume that all economic agents have full access to measurement of all variables and past shocks, whereas the econometricians have no access to this. An alternative assumption is that there is symmetry, in that the information set available to both agents and econometricians is incomplete. The reality lies somewhere between the two, because agents are likely to be subject to idiosyncratic shocks which they can observe, but are unable to observe other agents’ idiosyncratic shocks, as well as being unable to observe certain economy-wide shocks; however such assumptions generally lead to models that have no closed-form solution. This research aims to compare the two alternatives - the asymmetric case,as commonly used in the literature, and the symmetric case, which uses the partial information solution of Pearlman et al. (1986) using standard EU datasets. We use Bayesian MCMC methods, with log-likelihoods accounting for partial information.The work then extends the data to allow for a greater variety of measurements, and evaluates the effect on estimates, along the lines of work by Boivin and Giannoni (2005).partial information, DSGE models, Bayesian maximum likelihood.
Growth and Welfare Effects of Stabilizing Innovation Cycles
No full textWe consider a simple model of innovation where equilibrium cycles may arise and show that, whenever actual capital accumulation falls below its balanced growth path, subsidizing innovators by taxing consumers has stabilizing effects, promotes sustained growth and increases welfare. Further, if the steady state is unstable under laissez faire, the introduction of the subsidy can make the steady state stable. Such a policy has beneficial effects as it fosters output growth along the transitional adjustment path, and increases the welfare of current and future generations.Growth, endogenous cycles, stabilization, innovation, subsidy, welfare.
What affects the Russian regional governments'propensity to subsidize?
No full textSubsidies funded by Russia's regional governments represented about 5.2 percent of GDP in 1995, almost triple the 2 percent of GDP in subsidies funded by the federal government. Regional policies vary greatly, influenced more by local factors than by the federal government. To find out what affects the regional governments'propensity to subsidize, the authors examined available data for 1992-95, asking: How great is the variation across regions in the incidence of subsidies, and what are recent trends in such variation? What are the relative influences of supply and demand factors in shaping the current levels of subsidy? How do federal budget transfers affect regionally funded subsidies to local enterprises? To what extent are federal transfers distortionary, encouraging subsidies and postphoning the liberalization of local markets? Their findings: 1) Regional wealth and federal budget transfers to regional governments are two of the most important determinants of regional propensity to subsidize. 2) Even when regional budgetary wealth is controlled for, depressed regions (those affected most by industrial decline and unemployment) tend to spend less on subsidies than regions with more favorable economies. 3) Federal budget transfers are quite distortionary, that is, they encourage regional governments to continue subsidy policies and postpone structural reforms. In fact, federal transfers tend to be concerned in regions with the most distortionary policies. 4) Housing receives the lion's share of total regional subsidies, and there are greater disparities in housing subsidies than in agricultural subsidies. 5) Housing and transportation subsidies are strongly counter-equalizing: Households in wealthier regions receive more in housing subsidies and rural populations have less access to those subsidies, so up to 30 percent of regional subsidies are questionable in terms of equity. 6) Federal transfers have less effect on regional subsidies in agriculture, which are influenced more by the region's own tax base and its share of rural population or by such factors as the political influence of local interest groups. 7) To accelerate structural reforms, the federal government might consider reducing the number of recipients of federal budget transfers and changing the rules of allocation of the transfers, in particular by introducing conditional transfers linked to increases in cost recovery.Economic Theory&Research,Banks&Banking Reform,Municipal Financial Management,Public Sector Economics&Finance,Environmental Economics&Policies,Banks&Banking Reform,Municipal Financial Management,Public Sector Economics&Finance,Environmental Economics&Policies,Economic Theory&Research
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