122,423 research outputs found
Dynamic Energy Budget (DEB) parameters for ensis directus
No full textIn this report a Dynamic Energy Budget (DEB) model for razor clams (Ensis directus) is presented. A DEB model is a generic model describing growth and development of individual organisms as a function of environmental conditions. The DEB model for Ensis directus is based on the standard DEB model. The species specific primary DEB parameters are estimated with the Add_my_pet procedure, using literature data and the results of laboratory experiments with Ensis directus. The performance of the model is demonstrated by theoretical model experiments with varying environmental conditions. In following projects, the model will be used to predict and quantify the effects of sand mining on the shellfish community in the Dutch coastal zone. For this purpose the functional response of the model should be adapted so that the combined effect of changing phytoplankton and suspended sediment concentration on the uptake rate can be simulated
A Tutorial on Evolutionary Multi-Objective Optimization (EMO)
No full textMany real-world search and optimization problems are naturally posed
as non-linear programming problems having multiple objectives.
Due to lack of suitable solution techniques, such problems are
artificially converted into a single-objective problem and solved.
The difficulty arises because such problems give rise to a set
of Pareto-optimal solutions, instead of a single optimum solution.
It then becomes important to find not just one Pareto-optimal
solution but as many of them as possible. Classical methods are
not quite efficient in solving these problems because they require
repetitive applications to find multiple Pareto-optimal solutions
and in some occasions repetitive applications do not guarantee
finding distinct Pareto-optimal solutions. The population approach
of evolutionary algorithms (EAs) allows an efficient way to find
multiple Pareto-optimal solutions simultaneously in a single
simulation run.
In this tutorial, we discussed the following aspects related to
EMO:
1. The basic differences in principle of EMO with classical methods.
2. A gentle introduction to evolutionary algorithms with simple
examples. A simple method of handling constraints was also
discussed.
3. The concept of domination and methods of finding non-dominated
solutions in a population of solutions were discussed.
4. A brief history of the development of EMO is highlighted.
5. A number of main EMO methods (NSGA-II, SPEA and PAES) were
discussed.
6. The advantage of EMO methodologies was discussed by presenting
a number of case studies. They clearly showed the advantage of
finding a number of Pareto-optimal solutions simultaneously.
7. Three advantages of using an EMO methodology were stressed:
(i) For a better decision making (in terms of choosing a
compromised solution) in the presence of multiple solutions
(ii) For finding important relationships among decision variables
(useful in design optimization). Some case studies from engineering
demonstrated the importance of such studies.
(iii) For solving other optimization problems efficiently. For
example, in solving genetic programming problems, the so-called
`bloating problem of increased program size can be solved by using
a second objective of minimizing the size of the programs.
8. A number of salient research topics were highlighted. Some of
them are as follows:
(i) Development of scalable test problems
(ii) Development of computationally fast EMO methods
(iii) Performance metrics for evaluating EMO methods
(iv) Interactive EMO methodologies
(v) Robust multi-objective optimization procedures
(vi) Finding knee or other important solutions including partial
Pareto-optimal set
(vii) Multi-objective scheduling and other optimization problems.
It was clear from the discussions that
evolutionary search methods offers an alternate means of solving
multi-objective optimization problems compared to classical
approaches. This is why multi-objective optimization using EAs is
getting a growing attention in the recent years.
The motivated readers may explore
current research issues and other important studies from various
texts (Coello et al, 2003; Deb, 2001), conference proceedings
(EMO-01 and EMO-03 Proceedings) and numerous research papers
(http://www.lania.mx/~ccoello/EMOO/).
References:
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C. A. C. Coello, D. A. VanVeldhuizen, and G. Lamont.
Evolutionary Algorithms for Solving Multi-Objective Problems.
Boston, MA: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2002.
K.Deb. Multi-objective optimization using evolutionary algorithms.
Chichester, UK: Wiley, 2001.
C. Fonseca, P. Fleming, E. Zitzler, K. Deb, and L. Thiele, editors.
Proceedings of the Second Evolutionary Multi-Criterion
Optimization (EMO-03) Conference
(Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS) 2632).
Heidelberg: Springer, 2003.
E. Zitzler, K. Deb, L. Thiele, C. A. C. Coello, and D. Corne,
editors. Proceedings of the First Evolutionary Multi-Criterion
Optimization (EMO-01) Conference
(Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS) 1993).
Heidelberg: Springer, 2001
James L. Slate & Sue Trotter, Sub-Deb Dance
No full textA well-dressed James L. Slate and Sue Trotter smile at the camera during the Sub-Deb dance at the Clarksville Country Club. The Sub-Deb Club was established in 1947 by seventeen girls of the junior class of Clarksville High School
Data for: Generation of leaf area (LA) values from leaf length (L) and width (W) of Dendrobium nobile orchid using ImageJ
No full textThe experiment was conducted at ICAR-National Research Centre for Orchids (ICAR-NRCO), Pakyong, Sikkim, India where the best leaf area prediction model selection was done through the statistical performance metrices viz.,coefficient of determination (R2), mean absolute errors (MAE) and root mean square errors (RMSE) . 1,589 images of approximately 1.5 -2 years old individual leaves of Dendrobium nobile (Orchidaceae) was captured by a smartphone (Samsung Galaxy J7 with 13 MP camera, 4128 x 3096 pixels, autofocus, LED flash) with a reference scale. ImageJ (https://imagej.nih.gov/ij/) is an open access, image processing software developed by National Institute of Health (NIH), and was used for determining the individual leaf length (L), width (W) and the leaf area (LA). The process of estimating L,W and LA are described as under:1) Selection of the leaf image is done.2) Calibration of the software scale with reference scale in cm is done.3) The length of the leaf is measured from the tip to the base of the leaf just before the starting of the leaf sheath.4) The width of the leaf is measured from the broadest region of the leaf.5) The captured area of the Dendrobium nobile leaves was separated from its background using the color threshold function of the software.6) The region of interest which is measured leaf area was thus automatically calculated.7) The generated estimation of leaf length, width and leaf area is thus stored in spreadsheet
Spillover impacts of sorghum research
No full textA technological breakthrough in agriculture often leads to increased yields, or improves the quality
of output, or enhances the efficiency of input use. If the new technology has applicability beyond
the confines of the location for which it was generated, or beyond the commodity for which it was
developed, such an effect is commonly referred to as spillover effects. A review (Deb and Bantilan
2001) of the spillover impacts of agricultural research has covered the evolution of the concept
over time, different types of spillovers dealt in literature and techniques to quantify spillover
impacts by different studies on the subject..
Role of haemoglobin in the protection of cultured lymphocytes against diepoxybutane (DEB), assessed by in vitro induced chromosome breakage.
No full textMutat Res. 2003 Apr 20;536(1-2):61-7.
Role of haemoglobin in the protection of cultured lymphocytes against diepoxybutane (DEB), assessed by in vitro induced chromosome breakage.
Porto B, Chiecchio L, Gaspar J, Faber A, Pinho L, Rueff J, Malheiro I.
Laboratory of Cytogenetics, Instituto Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Largo do Prof. Abel Salazar, No. 2, 4099-003, Porto, Portugal.
Abstract
Diepoxybutane (DEB) is an alkylating agent that can be used to assess chromosome instability in repair-deficient subjects. Previous authors investigated the role of red blood cells (RBC) in determining individual susceptibility to DEB in normal healthy donors, and demonstrated that a polymorphic enzyme in RBC, Glutathione S-transferase T1 (GSTT1), is involved in DEB detoxification. In the present work we studied the influence of individual GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotypes and the presence of RBC on the frequency of DEB-induced chromosome breakage in lymphocyte cultures from normal individuals and, in particular, the influence of isolated components of RBC: RBC membranes, RBC lysate, and haemoglobin. Our results confirm that individual GSTT1 genotypes modulate the level of genetic lesions induced by DEB; however, this effect was not sufficient to explain the highly significant variation in chromosome breakage between whole blood and RBC-depleted cultures. We showed that RBC can protect cultured lymphocytes against chromosome breakage induced by DEB and we demonstrated the particular role of haemoglobin in the protective effect.
PMID: 12694746 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE
Approfondimenti genetico-molecolari sulle risposte del pomodoro (Solanum lycopersicum L.) a stress ambientali
No full textTomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most important vegetable crops from the Solanaceae family extensively used across the globe for edible purposes. While with the rising population, agricultural demands have increased, recent climate changes have posed a huge threat to agricultural practices and food security. Major challenges include abiotic stress induced by rapid climate changes and biotic stress by a vast array of fast-evolving pathogens causing massive economic losses. Crop improvement using breeding and advancements in genomics and gene editing technologies is one of the most promising ways to overcome these challenges.
Toward this goal, this thesis is aimed to explore the genetic aspects of important agronomic traits in tomato. The focus of the three thesis chapters was mainly on understanding genomic and transcriptomic characteristics and changes happening between varieties with contrasting traits. Further emphasis was given to exploring the molecular pathways, use of vastly available public genomic data and developing resources and understanding in the context of plant breeding.
The first chapter was aimed at the genomic characterization of an important pre-breeding line A10 which carries many desirable traits like high anthocyanin content, tolerance to high pH, and resistance to blossom end rot. Genomic data from A10 was used to profile variants and their putative role in traits. Further, to understand the ancestry and introgressions from wild Solanum varieties, publicly available whole genome datasets of cultivars and wild lines were analysed and compared with A10. Results showing a close relationship of A10 with wild lines and characterization of introgressed genomic regions will further serve as a resource for the subsequent chapter exploring the genetic basis of blossom end rot.
The second chapter focused on Blossom end rot (BER); a physiological disorder characterized by necrotic lesions at the blossom end of tomato fruit. A10, a pre-breeding line with resistance against BER was studied to understand transcriptomic changes in BER-resistant and susceptible lines under water stress and well-watered conditions. The resistant A10 line to BER showed changes in important Ca2+-related genes and stomatal density-related genes which can play an important role in BER resistance.
Finally, the third chapter focused on the Late blight disease caused by the fungal agent Phytophthora infestans infecting tomato fruit and foliage. To understand disease dynamics, transcriptome sequencing was carried out to evaluate the gene expression dynamics of tomato varieties, resistant and susceptible to Phytophthora infection. Next, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were studied by integrating the transcriptome dataset with large-scale public genomic data of varieties with known disease phenotypes. Subsequently, a panel of SNP markers correlated with disease resistance were identified and validated on multiple breeding lines with contrasting phenotypes for late blight resistance. The results generated by this study show a correlation with disease resistance across a broad set of plant materials that can be used as markers for molecular screening in tomato breeding
On the identity of Myopilumnus andamanicus Deb, 1989 (Crustacea: Decapoda Brachyura: Pilumnidae) from India
No full textTrivedi, Jigneshkumar, Patel, Krupal, Mitra, Santanu, Ng, Peter K. L. (2022): On the identity of Myopilumnus andamanicus Deb, 1989 (Crustacea: Decapoda Brachyura: Pilumnidae) from India. Zootaxa 5194 (4): 595-600, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5194.4.
Biomarker Magazine 2013, vol. 7
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Previous issue date: 2013-01Vasi, Nicholas (Managing Editor); Coulter, Kathryn (Design); Aronson, Deb (Writing); Lutz, Claudia (Writing); Sturgeon, Claire (Writing); Hamerman, Don (Imagery); Stauffer, L. Brian (Imagery); Coulter, Kathryn (Imagery
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