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Introduction
Get PDFThe volume Wine Cultures: Gandhāra and Beyond represents the primary outcome of the MALIWI project (SPIN Ca’ Foscari 2021) directed by Claudia Antonetti. Adopting an interdisciplinary approach, this work seeks to explore the production techniques, social functions, and cultural significance of intoxicating drinks with particular reference to wine – an extraordinary beverage that has been intertwined with human history for millennia. This volume gathers contributions by scholars interested in studying wine and drinking culture in Gandhāra and neighbouring regions, including Ancient Assyria, Arachosia, and present-day India. The topic is explored from three fundamental perspectives, employing a diverse range of sources, including literary and historical texts, as well as linguistic, iconographic, archaeological, and anthropological evidence
Traduzioni e interpretazioni ai confini tra Grecia e India. Una rilettura di Strabone 15.1.20 alla luce delle fonti indiane e buddhiste
No full textThis paper will provide an innovative interpretation of Strab. 15.1.20 based on Indian sources, with a particular reference to Buddhist texts in Pāli and Chinese. At first, the role of linguistic interpreters following Alexander the Great’s expedition will be discussed, highlighting how some records that reached us were the result of multilingual communication. One case is that of a passage by Chares of Mytilene, who presents the odd term Soroadeios, which has been understood through an interpretatio graeca as oἰνοποιός. Thereafter, the inherent polysemy of some Indian terms will be highlighted, showing how they could be involved in the passage by Strabo. This task will involve the analysis of the Buddhist legislation regarding the prohibition of the consumption of intoxicating drinks, in addition to the testimonies regarding the concession and production of non-alcoholic juices
The Gandhāric Roots of the Indian Symposion and Sympotic-like Elements in Buddhist Literature
Get PDFStarting with a recent work by Kenneth G. Zysk “From Symposion to Goṣṭhī: The Adaptation of a Greek Social Custom in Ancient India”, this contribution aims to analyse evidence about the three sympotic elements (alcohol, sex, and intellectual pursuits) in the Gandhāra region. Gandhāra is, indeed, the ideal area in which a métissage of cultures could occur, and an ideal place in which the Greek symposion could at first be accommodated and then later spread. Then, Buddhist literary sources (with a special reference to those in Pāli) will be considered in order to analyse some relevant sympotic-like elements. Most notably, a feast occurring in the Pāli Vinaya, the regulative monastic code of the Theravāda Buddhist tradition, will be examined, highlighting its sympotic characteristics. Furthermore, three groups of deities known as karoṭapāṇi ‘Those with cups in hands’, mālādhara ‘Garland-bearers’, and sadāmatta/sadāmada ‘Always euphoric/drunk’ will be discussed. These deities are represented in iconography, well attested in Buddhist literary sources in Sanskrit and Chinese, and even mentioned in Pāli literature. Their sympotic function in Buddhist cosmology as hypostatisations of the three sympotic elements of the symposion will be advanced
Utopian ahiṃsā and the violence inherent in food in early Buddhism: Pāli texts vis-à-vis early Upaniṣads and Aśoka edicts
Get PDFThe present contribution aims to analyse some early Buddhist tenets in the Suttanipāta (verses: 220-221). According to this text, the layman cannot fully practise ahiṃsā (non-violence / non-harmfulness) while, in contrast, the monk always protects animals; the layman never being equal to a monk due to the latter’s meditative practice. The study will explore how violence is inextricably connected with food through the analysis of some of the stages presented in the Sāmaññaphalasutta’s Buddhist path of liberation and the foundational myth in the Aggaññasutta. These two texts will be confronted with Upaniṣadic evidence to contextualise these ideas in a broad Indian ascetic milieu. Finally, we will investigate how the Suttanipāta’s principle, according to which the monk always protects animals, has been assimilated and utilised by King Aśoka Maurya, with a particular reference to the Rock Edict 1
Tensioni tra aspirazioni universali e manifestazioni particolari nel buddhismo Theravāda
Get PDFThis contribution will discuss the concepts of universal and particular in relation to the doctrinal transmission of Theravāda Buddhism. At first, the transformation of the universal doctrine known as Dhamma in a particular teaching (sāsana) will be considered. Later, the attempt by Buddhists to universalize the way of exposition known as Abhidhamma will be addressed, also briefly discussing a late narrative in which the Buddha preaches the Abhidhamma in a Heaven to his mother. As this narrative is included within the commentarial literature, the latter will be introduced as a way to maintain a more circumlocutory way of exposition (more particular and less universal). Finally, the language in which the Theravāda texts reached us, the so called Pāli, will be historically introduced, highlighting its function as a ‘language of convenience’ and observing how the Theravāda exegesis attempted to universalize such a language
Wine Cultures. Gandhāra and Beyond
No full textThe volume Wine Cultures. Gandhāra and Beyond represents the primary outcome of the MALIWI project (SPIN Ca’ Foscari 2021) directed by Claudia Antonetti. Adopting an interdisciplinary approach, this work seeks to explore the production techniques, social functions, and cultural significance of intoxicating drinks with particular reference to wine – an extraordinary beverage that has been intertwined with human history for millennia. This volume gathers contributions by scholars interested in studying wine and drinking culture in Gandhāra and neighbouring regions, including Ancient Assyria, Arachosia, and present-day India. The topic is explored from three fundamental perspectives, employing a diverse range of sources, including literary and historical texts, as well as linguistic, iconographic, archaeological, and anthropological evidence
Wine in Gandhara Bibliography
No full textBibliography on wine and alcoholic beverages in Gandhara and surrounding areas exported in RIS file format and uploaded on Zenodo. This bibliography is an outcome of the MALIWI project (Making Libation of Wine from Golden Cups: Social, Ritual, and Ceremonial Use of Wine in the Gandharan Area, From the Achaemenids to the Kushans) at the Ca' Foscari University of Venice directed by Claudia Antonett
The Buddhist Text Known in Pāli as Milindapañha and in Chinese as Nàxiān bǐqiū jīng 那先比丘經. Some Philological Remarks and the Problem of the Archetype
Get PDFThis article is conceived as an introduction to questions concerning the relationship between various versions of a Buddhist text known in its Pāli variant as Milindapañha, and in its Chinese versions as Nàxiān bǐqiū jīng (那先比丘經; T 1670 versions A and B). After a brief account of the conjectures about its redactor(s) and its public of the original Indian environment, the Chinese versions of the text will be dealt with in more detail, with particular attention to the Western reception and the problem related to the reconstruction of a possible archetype. The guidelines provided by Gérard Fussman will be taken into consideration, with some additional comments regarding the suggestion, in the case of the Chinese versions, of taking the Chinese audience into account. To confirm this point, a passage with an eristic dialogue, attested in both Pāli and in Chinese, will be analysed in detail to show how the Chinese translator(s) modified the text for the benefit of the public
La mente, l’energia e la leggerezza: una comparazione tra buddhismo indiano e tàijíquán 太極拳
No full textOsservazioni sull’esposizione della creazione del corpo fatto di mente (manomaya-kāya) all’interno del Sāmaññaphala-sutta
Get PDFThis article will analyse in detail some features of a passage which describes the creation of a mind-made body (manomaya-kāya) within the Sāmaññaphala-sutta. The study starts from the translation of the term ‘manomaya’, which could have more than one grammatical interpretation. The point at issue is that both the commentarial tradition and a scholar who discussed this problem (Sue Hamilton) understand the compound with the first term (mano/manas) inflected in the instrumental case. I will argue that an interpretation, according to the genitive case, cannot be completely disregarded. Subsequently, the translation of a couple of terms (muñja and isīkā) will be discussed, having a look to modern translation, to the Buddhist world view, and to the use of these terms within some Vedic texts. Finally, an odd wording of a passage will be analysed, and the comparison with the use of the same passage in a later exegetic text will highlight the conservative feature of the tradition of Pāli texts
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