600 research outputs found
Ouvertures sur la biogéographie (David Attenborough et Jean Dorst - Jacques d'Aguilar, Jean-Louis Dommanget, René Prechac - G. Tuck et Hermann Heinzel - Th. Halrenorth, H. Diller)
No full textGeorge Pierre. Ouvertures sur la biogéographie (David Attenborough et Jean Dorst - Jacques d'Aguilar, Jean-Louis Dommanget, René Prechac - G. Tuck et Hermann Heinzel - Th. Halrenorth, H. Diller). In: Annales de Géographie, t. 95, n°531, 1986. p. 628
Clinical application of direct sputum sensitivity testing in a severe infective exacerbation of cystic fibrosis
No full textA 16-year-old male with cystic fibrosis (CF) was admitted to hospital with a severe infective exacerbation. Despite standard management, including conventionally selected intravenous antibiotics for Pseudomonas aeruginosa chest physiotherapy, and institution of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) for progressive hypercapneic respiratory failure, he continued to deteriorate. Direct sputum sensitivity testing (DSST) revealed a novel combination of antibiotics that resulted in a rapid and remarkable clinical improvement. DSST is a form of "whole" sputum sensitivity testing that provides information on antibiotic synergy, and may more accurately reflect in vivo antibiotic sensitivity patterns in cystic fibrosis.</p
Improving tumble turn performance in swimming—the impact of wall contact time and tuck index
No full textRace time can be shortened by improving turn performance in competitive swimming, but this requires insight into the optimal turn technique. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of Wall Contact Time (WCT) and Tuck Index on tumble turn performance and their interrelations by experimentally manipulating both variables, which has not been done in previous research. Eighteen Dutch national level swimmers (FINA points 552 ± 122) performed tumble turns with three different WCTs (shorter, preferred, longer) and three different Tuck Indices (higher, preferred, lower), which were recorded by four underwater cameras and a wall-mounted force plate. Linear kinematic and kinetic variables, including the approach velocity (V(in)), wall adaptation time (T(adapt)), percentage of active WCT (aWCT), peak push-off force (F(Peak)) and exit velocity (V(exit)), were extracted from the recordings and analyzed statistically, using the 5 m round trip time (5mRTT) as performance measure. The results indicated that the WCT should be sufficiently long to generate a high push-off force at the end of wall contact when the body is in a streamlined position. This led to a significantly shorter 5mRTT than a shorter or longer WCT. A linear mixed effect model yielded negative significant effects of WCT (−4.22, p < 0.001), F(Peak) (−2.18, p = 0.04), V(in) (−4.83, p = 0.02), T(adapt) (−2.68, p = 0.002), and V(exit) (−9.52, p < 0.001) on the 5mRTT. The best overall turning performance was achieved with a Tuck Index of 0.7, which suggests that some of the participating swimmers could benefit from adapting their distance to the wall while turning, as was exemplified by calculating the optimal Tuck Index for individual swimmers. These results underscore the importance of WCT and Tuck Index vis-à-vis tumble turn performance, as well as their interrelations with other performance determining variables in this regard
Studying bacteria in respiratory specimens by using conventional and molecular microbiological approaches
No full textAbstract Background Drawing from previous studies, the traditional routine diagnostic microbiology evaluation of samples from chronic respiratory conditions may provide an incomplete picture of the bacteria present in airways disease. Here, the aim was to determine the extent to which routine diagnostic microbiology gave a different assessment of the species present in sputa when analysed by using culture-independent assessment. Methods Six different media used in routine diagnostic microbiology were inoculated with sputum from twelve patients. Bacterial growth on these plates was harvested and both RNA and DNA extracted. DNA and RNA were also extracted directly from the same sample of sputum. All nucleic acids served as templates for PCR and reverse transcriptase-PCR amplification of "broad range" bacterial 16S rRNA gene regions. The regions amplified were separated by Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP) profiling and compared to assess the degree of overlap between approaches. Results A mean of 16.3 (SD 10.0) separate T-RF band lengths in the profiles from each sputum sample by Direct Molecular Analysis, with a mean of 8.8 (SD 5.8) resolved by DNA profiling and 13.3 (SD 8.0) resolved by RNA profiling. In comparison, 8.8 (SD 4.4) T-RF bands were resolved in profiles generated by Culture-derived Molecular Analysis. There were a total of 184 instances of T-RF bands detected in the direct sputum profiles but not in the corresponding culture-derived profiles, representing 83 different T-RF band lengths. Amongst these were fifteen instances where the T-RF band represented more than 10% of the total band volume (with a mean value of 23.6%). Eight different T-RF band lengths were resolved as the dominant band in profiles generated directly from sputum. Of these, only three were detected in profiles generated from the corresponding set of cultures. Conclusion Due to their focus on isolation of a small group of recognised pathogens, the use of culture-dependent methods to analyse samples from chronic respiratory infections can provide a restricted understanding of the bacterial species present. The use of a culture-independent molecular approach here identifies that there are many bacterial species in samples from CF and COPD patients that may be clinically relevant.</p
Isolated sphenoid fungal sinusitis in a renal transplant recipient presenting with bilateral abducens nerve palsy
No full textThe definitive version is available at www.blackwell-synergy.comJordan Y. Z. Li, Tuck Y Yong, Eewin Khoo, Graeme R Russ, David I Grove, P. Toby H Coates, Stephen P McDonal
Can children’s books help children embracing death as a part of life? The case of Tuck Everlasting (1975)
No full textWith effect sizes ranging from small to moderate, bibliotherapy has positive outcomes with respect to children’s behavioral problems; and carefully selected children’s books may be useful in helping children embrace death as part of life. From Aesop’s Fables to Anderson’s tales, or Doris Buchanan Smith’s A Taste of Blackberries (1973) to Patrick Ness’s A Monster Calls (2011), numerous literary works give reference to death, dying, and bereavement. One of the best examples in children’s literature of modern times is found in the fantasy novel Tuck Everlasting (1975), written by the American author Natalie Babbitt (1932–2016), which has sold more than five million copies and was also adapted into two feature films and a musical. Exploring themes of immortality, life, and death, Tuck Everlasting is very likely to aid children in conceptualizing the meaning of death. Considering the fact that the book has been translated into many major languages of the world, it is widely accessible for young school children as well.</p
Prevalence of resuscitation orders among residents from aged care facilities admitted to general medical units
No full textLetter to the EditorJordan YZ Li, Tuck Y Yong, Diana McNeill, David Spriggs, Muhmmad Fazal, Paul Hakendorf, David I Ben-Tovim, and Campbell H Thompso
Global logistics indicators, supply chain metrics, and bilateral trade patterns
No full textPast research into the determinants of international trade highlighted the importance of the basic spatial gravity model augmented by additional variables representing sources of friction. Studies modeled many sources of friction using various proxies, including indices based on expert judgment in some cases. This paper focuses on logistics friction and draws on a data set recently compiled by the World Bank with specific quantitative metrics of logistics performance interms of time, cost, and variability in time. It finds that the new variables that relate directly to logistics performance have a statistically significant relationship with the level of bilateral trade. It also finds that a single logistics index can capture virtually all of the explanatory power of multiple logistics indicators. The findings should spur public and private agencies that have direct or indirect power over logistics performance to focus attention on reducing sources of friction so as to improve their country's ability to compete in today's global economy. Moreover, since the logistics metrics are directly related to operational performance, countries can use these metrics to target actions to improve logistics and monitor their progress.Common Carriers Industry,Transport and Trade Logistics,Economic Theory&Research,Free Trade,Trade Policy
David Hume's theory of justice: a defence of the establishment without recourse to the argument for the divine right of kings, or a workable guiding principle of legitimate and lasting government?
No full textDavid Hume' political philosophy has a strongly paternalistic feel, leading to a misconception of Hume as a conservative thinker with little to contribute in the field of political philosophy beyond a defence of the status quo. This Thesis assesses the extent to which Hume's work can help us understand his world and our own. Chapter One dwells on the personality of David Hume, as a prerequisite to a fuller understanding of the intentions and significance of his work. Includes: Hume’s ambition; his concern for accuracy (and restraint from empty rhetoric); his caution; his objectivity (demonstrated by his greed for independence; his emotional side (including an introduction to the idea of Hume as agnostic rather than strictly an atheist as he is - still - often characterised); his attitude towards the truth. Chapter Two moves onto an examination of relevant parts of Hume's general philosophy, forming the beginning of Hume's theory of justice. Chapter Three concerns the impact of Hume's general philosophy on his politics. Hume’s theory of just government is rooted in his general thoughts on morality, which are characterised by a scepticism sometimes mistaken for cynicism. Hume dismisses the idea of an original and binding Contract of Government. In Hume's political philosophy man has the capacity for improvement and progress without being restrained by the past. Justice underscores civil society, which is about mutual protection - peace is justice. Justice is not necessarily about democracy, although Hume is not challenging the possibility of legitimate government authority. Key questions: What does Hume mean by stability in government? Is Hume right about Justice? What precisely does Hume mean by self-interest? Was Hume a democrat? Chapter Four Conclusion: concluding comments on Hume's philosophy of the state. Hume shares Hobbes' objective of non-ideological government. Hume was wary of change, especially if it was in accordance with some grand plan for society and / or mankind (which tended to mean revolution). Includes: the crucial role of property in Hume’s jurisprudence, empirical evidence from history to support this and other claims; more on the political culture in Hume's functional civil society, including a look at how Hume uses the Aristotelean distinction between man and citizen; the practical aspects of his theory of justice in government; conclusion that Hume’s theory of justice is a theory of property, and that this is because self-interest drives all men. Key questions: What is Hume's "common sense"? Has Hume identified the elusive, verifiable moral absolute? Can we derive a workable principle of civil society from Hume’s analysis? Did David Hume fulfil his lofty intellectual ambitions
Concerning kinetic resolution by the Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation reaction
No full textThe transition state for the product-determining step in the Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxlation reaction is not product-like, and effective kinetic resolution can occur when one face of a chiral alkene is hindered.Hamish S. Christie, David P. G. Hamon and Kellie L. Tuc
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