573 research outputs found
State aid to investment and R&D
No full textThe prohibition of state aid to investment and R&D in an integrated market such as the European Community is analysed in a Cournot oligopoly model where firms undertake investment or R&D to reduce their costs. Both strategic and non-strategic investment and R&D are considered. Governments in the Member States give subsidies for investment and R&D, which are financed by distortionary taxation so the opportunity cost of government revenue exceeds unity. Prohibiting state aid to investment will always increase aggregate welfare. Prohibiting state aid to R&D will always increase aggregate welfare if spillovers from R&D are small. If spillovers from R&D are moderate then there exists a range of values for opportunity cost where governments give state aid and where the prohibition of state aid will increase aggregate welfare. Prohibiting state aid to R&D will reduce aggregate welfare if spillovers from R&D are large.State aid prohibition, Cournot oligopoly model, R&D spillovers, distortionary taxation, Collie, R&D, research and development
Tele-operated climbing and mobile service robots for remote inspection and maintenance in nuclear industry
No full textExport Taxes under Bertrand Duopoly
No full textThis article analyses export taxes in a Bertrand duopoly with product differentiation, where a home and a foreign firm both export to a third-country market. It is shown that the maximum-revenue export tax always exceeds the optimum-welfare export tax. In a Nash equilibrium in export taxes, the country with the low cost firm imposes the largest export tax. The results under Bertrand duopoly are compared with those under Cournot duopoly. It is shown that the absolute value of the export subsidy or tax under Cournot duopoly exceeds the export tax under Bertrand duopoly.
Intelligent legged climbing service robot for remote maintenance applications in hazardous environments
No full textTARIFFS AND SUBSIDIES UNDER ASYMMETRIC OLIGOPOLY: AD VALOREM VERSUS SPECIFIC INSTRUMENTS
No full textThis paper analyses the welfare effects of ad valorem and specific trade policy instruments (import tariffs and production subsidies) under asymmetric Cournot oligopoly and then compares the efficiency of ad valorem with specific instruments. It is shown that these trade policy instruments have rationalization effects similar to those in Collie (European Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 9 (1993), pp. 275-280), and that an ad valorem production subsidy will have an additional negative rationalization effect. Also, it is shown that an ad valorem production subsidy yields lower welfare than a specific production subsidy due to this additional negative rationalization effect, and that combining ad valorem and specific instruments yields welfare gains. Copyright � 2006 The Author; Journal compilation � Blackwell Publishing Ltd and The University of Manchester 2006.
GSWA Collie Uranium Grid Geodetic
No full textMaintenance and Update Frequency: notPlannedStatement: This GSWA Collie Uranium Grid Geodetic is an airborne-derived radiometric uranium grid for the South West (Cape Leeuwin - Collie), WA, 2011. The survey was acquired under the project No. 1244 for the geological survey of WA. The grid has a cell size of 0.00042 degrees (approximately 42m). A total of 101882 line-kilometres of data at a line spacing between 200m and 400, and 50m terrain clearance were acquired to produce this grid. This radiometric uranium grid shows uranium element concentration of the South West (Cape Leeuwin - Collie), WA, 2011 in units of parts per million (or ppm). Noise-adjusted singular value decomposition (NASVD) has been applied to the data. NASVD is a spectral component analysis procedure for the removal of noise from gamma-ray spectra. Details of the specifications of individual airborne surveys can be found in the Fourteenth Edition of the Index of Airborne Geophysical Surveys (Percival, 2014). This Index is also available online at http://pid.geoscience.gov.au/dataset/79134.
Reference:
Percival, P.J., 2014. Index of airborne geophysical surveys (Fourteenth Edition).The radiometric, or gamma-ray spectrometric method, measures the natural variations in the gamma-rays detected near the Earth's surface as the result of the natural radioactive decay of potassium (K), uranium (U) and thorium (Th). The data collected are processed via standard methods to ensure the response recorded is that due only to the rocks in the ground. The results produce datasets that can be interpreted to reveal the geological structure of the sub-surface. The processed data is checked for quality by GA geophysicists to ensure that the final data released by GA are fit-for-purpose.<br/>This radiometric uranium grid has a cell size of 0.00042 degrees (approximately 42m) and shows uranium element concentration of the South West (Cape Leeuwin - Collie), WA, 2011 in units of parts per million (or ppm). The data used to produce this grid was acquired in 2011 by the WA Government, and consisted of 101882 line-kilometres of data at a line spacing between 200m and 400m, and 50m terrain clearance
Lithium transport in crown ether polymers
No full textA series of 12-, 13-, and 14-membered crown ether rings bearing polymerisable side-chains has been synthesised. The crown ethers were attached to a methacrylate or acrylate polymerisable group either via a short link (Ring-CH(_2)-O-Polymer) or via a spacer group. Both hydrocarbon and ethylene oxide spacer groups were used, giving structures of the form (Ring-CH(_2)-O-(CH(_2))(_6)-O-Polymer) and (Ring-CH(_2)-O-((CH(_2)CH(_2))(_2)O)-Polymer). The ethylene oxide chain can potentially bind to a Li(^+) dopant ion. The relative Li(+) binding affinity of 12-, 13-, and 14-membered mono- and disubstituted crown ethers has been assessed by variable temperature (^13)c and (^7)Li NMR. The crown ether bearing monomers were polymerised using standard free-radical polymerisation methods to yield amorphous materials whose glass transition temperature (T(_g)) was controlled principally by the nature of the spacer group. On doping with lithium triflate (LiCF(_3)SO(_3)), the polymers exhibit high ionic conductivity. The conductivity was primarily dependent on polymer T(_g), but was also found to be higher for 12-crown-4 based systems than for 13-crown-4 and 14-crown-4 based analogues. This behaviour was consistent with the results of the NMR studies, which showed that Li(^+) exchange occurs more readily between 12-crown-4 rings than 13- or 14-crown-4 rings. The NMR studies also showed that 12-crown-4 systems have a higher tendency to form 2:1 (ring : Li(^+)) complexes. Within a polymer matrix, the presence of 2:1 complexes allows Li(^+) migration via an association-disassociation mechanism, avoiding the high energy intermediate state of a free or weakly bound Li(^+) ion. The greater encapsulation provided by 2:1 complexation may also aid in ion pair separation
Product Differentiation and the Gains from Trade under Bertrand Duopoly
No full textIn the literature on the welfare effects of free trade under imperfect competition, one important case seems to have been overlooked and that is the Bertrand duopoly model with differentiated products. Although many authors have analysed the welfare effects of free trade under Cournot duopoly, and demonstrated the possibility of losses from trade, there has been no thorough analysis of the welfare effects of free trade under Bertrand duopoly. This paper presents a thorough analysis of the welfare effects of free trade under Bertrand duopoly with differentiated products, and it is shown that there are always gains from trade.gains from trade, Bertrand Oligopoly
ON THE ENDOGENOUS TIMlNG IN TRADE POLICY GAMEFA GENERAL CASE
No full textThis paper discusses the timing and the optimal trade policy in the presence of oligopolisitic industries and free entry. Collie (1994) proved that an importing government should not commit a countervailing duty in response to a foreign export subsidy. We show that his main conclusion does not always hold, since the timing, as well as the optimal trade policy, depends on the number of firms in both countries and the characteristic of the industry, i.e. no entry or free entry.
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