794 research outputs found
Rational imitation of different aged models in 14-month-olds
No full textZmyj, Norbert, Daum, Moritz M., Prinz, Wolfgang, & Aschersleben, Gisa: Rational imitation of different aged models in 14-month-olds. Poster presented at the 37th Annual Meeting of the Jean Piaget Society, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, 31.5. – 2.6. 2007
Special Issue on the "Interrelations between non-linguistic and linguistic representations of cognition and action in development"
No full text“Proactive” in many ways: Developmental evidence for a dynamic pluralistic approach to prediction
No full textThe anticipation of the forthcoming behaviour of social interaction partners is a useful ability supporting interaction and communication between social partners. Associations and prediction based on the production system (in line with views that listeners use the production system covertly to anticipate what the other person might be likely to say) are two potential factors, which have been proposed to be involved in anticipatory language processing. We examined the influence of both factors on the degree to which listeners predict upcoming linguistic input. Are listeners more likely to predict book as an appropriate continuation of the sentence “The boy reads a”, based on the strength of the association between the words read and book (strong association) and read and letter (weak association)? Do more proficient producers predict more? What is the interplay of these two influences on prediction? The results suggest that associations influence language-mediated anticipatory eye gaze in two-year-olds and adults only when two thematically appropriate target objects compete for overt attention but not when these objects are presented separately. Furthermore, children's prediction abilities are strongly related to their language production skills when appropriate target objects are presented separately but not when presented together. Both influences on prediction in language processing thus appear to be context dependent. We conclude that multiple factors simultaneously influence listeners\’ anticipation of upcoming linguistic input and that only such a dynamic approach to prediction can capture listeners\’ prowess at predictive language processing
Das Misskonzept der Meister: intuitive Physik bei Fussballspielern
Get PDFJan Rauch und Moritz Daum befassen sich im folgenden Artikel mit den Gründen für fehlgeleitete Kopfbälle. Unter anderem spielt dabei die «intuitive Physik» eine Rolle resp. die Art, wie das menschliche Gehirn mit physikalischen Gesetzmässigkeiten umgeht
Rational imitation of different aged models in 14-month-olds
No full textZmyj, Norbert, Daum, Moritz M., Prinz, Wolfgang, & Aschersleben, Gisa: Rational imitation of different aged models in 14-month-olds. Poster presented at the 37th Annual Meeting of the Jean Piaget Society, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, 31.5. – 2.6. 2007
Not That Heart-Stopping After All: Visuo-Cardiac Synchrony Does Not Boost Self-Face Attribution.
Get PDFRecent experimental evidence and theoretical models suggest that an integration of exteroceptive and interoceptive signals underlies several key aspects of the bodily self. While it has been shown that self-attribution of both the hand and the full-body are altered by conflicting extero-exteroceptive (e.g. visuo-tactile) and extero-interoceptive (e.g. visuo-cardiac) information, no study has thus far investigated whether self-attribution of the face might be altered by visuo-cardiac stimulation similarly to visuo-tactile stimulation. In three independent groups of participants we presented ambiguous (i.e. morphed with a stranger's face) self-faces flashing synchronously or asynchronously with the participants' heartbeat. We then measured the subjective percentages of self-face attribution of morphed stimuli. To control for a potential effect of visuo-cardiac synchrony on familiarity, a task assessing the attribution of a familiar face was introduced. Moreover, different durations of visuo-cardiac flashing and different degrees of asynchronicity were used. Based on previous studies showing that synchronous visuo-cardiac stimulation generally increases self-attribution of the full-body and the hand, and that synchronous visuo-tactile stimulation increases self-face attribution, we predicted higher self-face attribution during the synchronous visuo-cardiac flashing of the morphed stimuli. In contrast to this hypothesis, the results showed no difference between synchronous and asynchronous stimulation on self-face attribution in any of the three studies. We thus conclude that visuo-cardiac synchrony does not boost self-attribution of the face as it does that of hand and full-body
The interrelations of action perception and action production across the life span
No full textThe ability to understand others’ actions is a cornerstone of human culture. From early on in life, we are able to perceive other people’s actions as being directed toward goals rather than simply a combination of random movements. Based on this understanding, we predict goals of actions – both while producing them ourselves as well as when observing others performing an action. This active prediction of action goals allows us to prepare and adjust our answer to other people’s behaviour and implicit and explicit goals, and fosters the correct interpretation of intentions.
According to previous work, the perception of our own and other people’s actions (action perception) is based on overlapping processing structures for perceptual and motor information. Therefore, in young healthy adults, action perception is largely informed by a person’s ability to produce these actions (action production) and vice versa. One important question within the field of social-cognitive development is how the interrelation between action perception and production changes across development. As of yet, it is still unclear whether action perception and production follow similar developmental trajectories or whether their interrelation differs across development. Therefore, this project aimed at describing the developmental trajectory of the interrelation of action perception and production across the adult life span. Furthermore, to obtain a comprehensive picture about age-related changes and their interrelations with a variety of other skills, we investigated additional factors - such as the participants’ motor abilities, their cognitive skills or oculomotor control abilities - which might contribute to and change the dynamics of action perception and production across the life span.
The research aim of the current project was addressed by means of a short-term longitudinal study including three equally-spaced (every 6 months) measurement points (MPs). At each MP, participants’ action perception, their action production, their oculomotor skills as well as their fine- motor and cognitive skills were measured with different tasks.
Action perception was measured through action prediction (predictive gaze shifts) using an eye-tracking system. We additionally introduced a new dependent measure of action perception and analysed participants’ gaze data with recurrence quantification analysis. This measure allows detecting recurrent patterns in participants’ gaze behaviour and to characterise their action perception in terms of its relative stability or instability over time. Action production was measured through the accuracy of imitation (e.g., Gampe Task, Flanagan Task) or the speed of action initiation and execution (reaction times; e.g., Brass Task).
Initially N = 181 adults across a large age range (20 - 80 years) were recruited, N = 155 adults provided data for all three MPs. In addition, we recruited N = 74 children between the age of 3 and 16 to further enlarge the age span investigated.
For a detailed descpription of tasks and measures see the following publications or contact the author of the project:
Wermelinger, S., Gampe, A., & Daum, M. M. (2017). Higher levels of motor competence are associated with reduced interference in action perception across the lifespan. Psychological Research, 1-13. doi:10.1007/s00426-017-0941-z
Wermelinger, S., Gampe, A., Behr, J., & Daum, M. M. (2018). Interference of action perception on action production increases across the adult life span. Experimental Brain Research, 236(2),577-586. doi: 10.1007/s00221-017-5157-3
Wermelinger, S., Gampe, A., & Daum, M. M. (2018). The dynamics of the interrelation of perception and action across the life span. Psychological Research, 1-16. doi: 10.1007/s00426-018-1058-
The History of Developmental Psychology
No full textThe authors of this paper were invited to provide a chapter on how to teach “Developmental Psychology” (Daum & Manfredi, forthcoming) to the “International Handbook of Psychology Learning and Teaching” (Zumbach et al., forthcoming). When writing, the authors got lost in the details and wrote just a tiny little bit more than the editors asked for. In the end, we had to cut a substantial part of the chapter and decided to delete entire sections, one of them was the part on the “History of Developmental Psychology”. We nevertheless thought that the section could be of interest to somebody out there and put it as a preprint on the open science platform PsyArXiv. Enjoy reading
The agent preference in visual event apprehension
No full textA central aspect of human experience and communication is understanding events in terms of agent (“doer”) and patient (“undergoer” of action) roles. These event roles are rooted in general cognition and prominently encoded in language, with agents appearing as more salient and preferred over patients. An unresolved question is whether this preference for agents already operates during apprehension, that is, the earliest stage of event processing, and if so, whether the effect persists across different animacy configurations and task demands. Here we contrast event apprehension in two tasks and two languages that encode agents differently; Basque, a language that explicitly case-marks agents (‘ergative’), and Spanish, which does not mark agents. In two brief exposure experiments, native Basqueand Spanish speakers saw pictures for only 300 ms, and subsequently described them or answered probe questions about them. We compared eye fixations and behavioral correlates of event role extraction with Bayesian regression. Agents received more attention and were recognized better across languages and tasks. At the same time, language and task demands affected the attention to agents. Our findings show that a general preference for agents exists in event apprehension, but it can be modulated by task and language demands.
Arrate Isasi-Isasmendi, Caroline Andrews, Monique Flecken, Itziar Laka, Moritz M. Daum, Martin Meyer, Balthasar Bickel, Sebastian Sauppe; The Agent Preference in Visual Event Apprehension. Open Mind 2023; doi: https://doi.org/10.1162/opmi_a_0008
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