196,237 research outputs found

    Un archivio per Roberto Daolio

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    Breve introduzione metodologica al lavoro di catalogazione del materiale riguardante Roberto Daolio

    Specification and Verification of Agent Interaction Protocols in a Logic-based System

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    A number of information systems can be described as a set of interacting entities, which must follow interaction protocols. These protocols determine the behaviour and the properties of the overall system, hence it is of the uttermost importance that the entities behave in a conformant manner. A typical case is that of multi-agent systems, composed of a plurality of agents without a centralized control. Compliance to protocols can be hardwired in agent programs; however, this requires that only “certified” agents interact. In open systems, composed of autonomous and heterogeneous entities whose internal structure is, in general, not accessible (open agent societies being, again, a prominent example) interaction protocols should be specified in terms of the observable behaviour, and compliance should be verified by an external entity. In this paper, we propose a Java-Prolog-CHR system for verification of compliance of computational entities to protocols specified in a logic-based formalism (Social Integrity Constraints ). We also show the application of the formalism and the system to the specification and verification of three different scenarios: two specifications show the feasibility of our approach in the context of Multi Agent Systems (FIPA Contract-Net Protocol and Semi-Open societies), while a third specification applies to the specification of a lower level protocol (Open-Connection phase of the TCP protocol)

    RUMINAL ORGANIC-ACID ANALYSIS BY GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS-SPECTROMETRY

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    Rumen fluid was analyzed by the gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) technique in order to identify the organic acids contained. The gas chromatogram obtained showed more than 200 peaks, and 60 organic acids were identified from their mass spectra obtained under electron impact conditions from the relative chromatographic peaks. Keto acids, polycarboxylic acids, hydroxy acids, aromatic acids, and saturated and unsaturated fatty acids were present, which were subdivided into three main groups: (i) short- and long-chain fatty acids; (ii) polyfunctional organic acids such as intermediate metabolic products; (iii) phenolic acids mainly from lignin and tannin degradation. It was concluded that GC/MS is a very specific and sensitive technique to detect the presence of fermentation products in biological fluids and that it could allow for the simpler and cheaper GC technique to be used for routine quantitative analyses of the identified compounds

    Periodate anions as a halogen bond donor: formation of anion⋯anion dimers and other adducts

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    Single crystal X-ray analyses show that iodine in pyridinium periodates acts as a halogen bond (HaB) donor forming short and almost linear contacts with neutral and anionic electron donors. A combination of QTAIM and NCIplot computational tools proves the attractive nature of these contacts
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