1,721,029 research outputs found
sj-pdf-1-tmj-10.1177_03008916231154765 – Supplemental material for Upper-neck irradiation versus standard whole-neck irradiation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textSupplemental material, sj-pdf-1-tmj-10.1177_03008916231154765 for Upper-neck irradiation versus standard whole-neck irradiation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis by Francesca De Felice, Claudia Marchetti, Maria Serpone, AnnaMaria Camarda, Barbara Vischioni, Rossana Ingargiola, Daniela Musio and Ester Orlandi in Tumori Journal</p
Cetuximab and Oral Mucositis: Is it Different from Oral Mucositis Caused by Other Drugs?
No full textPurpose: To estimate frequency of oral mucositis in treatment for head and neck cancer with radiotherapy and concurrent cetuximab and to determine whether it has different characteristics from mucositis caused by other drugs.
Materials and methods: Subjects with locally advanced, primary non-metastatic, squamous cell carcinoma located in the oropharynx were treated with radiation therapy plus concomitant cetuximab. Results: None of patients received their full planned course of combination treatment due to excessive mucosal toxicity. All patients developed oral mucositis within about 10-15 days: it began directly, without escalation, as grade ≥ 3; it was associated with severe pain and trismus; it was never associated to specific supra-infections; the evolution and the consequent resolution of clinical discomfort required several days and the treatment with corticosteroids did not represent the solution formula.
Conclusion: Cetuximab induced oral mucositis have the following specific characteristics: time of onset, mode of clinical expression, severity, association with trismus and minimal response to corticosteroid therapy. Considering that the majority of studies do not reveal oral toxicity associated with cetuximab, future clinical trials should focus on specific topics to improve the definition of documented oral toxic effects
Management of persistent anal canal carcinoma after combined-modality therapy: a clinical review.
Full text linkAnal canal carcinoma is a rare gastro-intestinal cancer. Radiochemotherapy is the recommended primary treatment for patients with non-metastatic carcinoma; surgery is generally reserved for persistent or recurrent disease. Follow-up and surveillance after primary treatment is paramount to classify patients in those with complete remission, persistent or progressive disease. Locally persistent disease represents a clinically significant problem and its management remains subject of some controversy.The aim of this systematic review is to summarise recommendations for the primary treatment of anal canal carcinoma, to focus on the optimal time to consider residual disease as genuine persistence to proceed with salvage treatment, and to discern how this analysis might inform future clinical trials in management in this class of patients. © 2014 Musio et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd
Two Different Intensity-modulated Radiotherapy Strategies for Patients with High-risk Prostate Cancer.
No full textGrade 2 acute gastrointestinal toxicity was recorded in 21.7% (IMRT/C group) and 10% (IMRT/SIB group). Grade 2 late genitourinary toxicity was observed in 26% (IMRT/C group) and 15% (IMRT/SIB group), whereas G2 late gastrointestinal toxicity in 34.5% and 30% of patients, respectively. No significant differences in incidence and severity of genitourinary and gastrointestinal toxicity were detected between the two IMRT treatment strategies. Conclusion: IMRT/SIB was well-tolerated with favorable rates of acute and late toxicity, both genitourinary and gastrointestinal. Compared to IMRT/C, IMRT/SIB maintained the same efficacy and reduced the overall treatment time. Copyright© 2014 International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. John G. Delinassios), All rights reserved.; 23 patients were treated by conventional fractionation (IMRT/C) and 20 patients by simultaneous integrated boost (IMRT/SIB). Acute and late toxicities were compared for each group. Results: Severe acute genitourinary toxicity was recorded in 8.6% and 2% of patients in the IMRT/C and IMRT/SIB group, respectively. Genitourinary toxicity G2 was observed in 39.1% (IMRT/C group) and 25% (IMRT/SIB group) of patients. Severe acute gastrointestinal toxicity was not observed; Aim: To compare toxicity profiles of two different intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) strategies in patients with high-risk prostate cancer. Patients and Methods: From May 2010 to September 2012, 43 patients with high-risk prostate cancer were treated with IMRT and concurrent hormone therap
Prostate cancer recurrence after radical prostatectomy: the role of 3-T diffusion imaging in multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging
No full textTo validate the role of 3-T diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the detection of local prostate cancer recurrence after radical prostatectomy (RP). T2-weighted imaging, DWI and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) were performed with a 3-T magnet in 262 patients after RP. Twenty out of 262 patients evaluated were excluded. MRI results were validated by prostate-specific antigen (PSA) reduction after external beam radiotherapy in group A (126 patients, local recurrence size range 4-8 mm) and by transrectal ultrasound biopsy in group B (116 patients, local recurrence size range 9-15 mm). In group A combined T2-weighted and DCE-MRI (T2+DCE) shows 98 % sensitivity, 94 % specificity and 93 % accuracy in identifying local recurrence; combined T2-weighted and DWI with a b value of 3,000 s/mm(2) (T2+DW3) displays 97 % sensitivity, 95 % specificity and 92 % accuracy, while with a b value of 1,000 s/mm(2) (T2+DW1) affords 93 % sensitivity, 89 % specificity and 88 % accuracy. In group B T2+DCE shows 100 % sensitivity, 97 % specificity and 91 % accuracy in detecting local cancer recurrence; T2+DW3 displays 98 % sensitivity, 96 % specificity and 89 % accuracy; T2+DW1 has 94 % sensitivity, 92 % specificity and 86 % accuracy. DCE-MRI is the most reliable technique in detecting local prostate cancer recurrence after RP, though DWI can be proposed as a reliable alternative. aEuro cent Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI-MRI) is being increasingly used in oncology. aEuro cent PSA analysis does not distinguish prostate cancer recurrence from distant metastasis. aEuro cent DWI-MR can diagnose local prostate cancer recurrence after radical prostatectomy. aEuro cent DWI-MR is almost comparable to DCE-MRI in detecting local recurrence
Low-dose Fotemustine as Second-line Chemotherapy for Recurrent Glioblastoma Multiforme
No full textAim: To test if fotemustine administrated at low doses during the maintenance phase of gioblastoma therapy could improve the toxicity profile, without reducing progression-free survival at six months (PFS-6). Patients and Methods: Patients enrolled were affected by recurrent glioblastoma multiforme, proven by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), at least six months after radiochemotherapy completion. Fotemustine was administered at an induction dose of 100 mg/m(2) followed by a maintenance dose of 75 mg/m(2). Results: All 15 patients completed the induction phase. Eight patients began maintenance-phase therapy and received a median of three cycles (range=2-6). Grade 3 or more haematological toxicity was not documented. The PFS-6 was 5115 and the median overall survival was 7.5 months. Conclusion: Haematological toxicity compares favourably with trials using the conventional scheme: no grade 3-4 adverse effects were recorded. This low-dose approach could be considered a compromise treatment whilst waiting for definitive standardization of second-line therapy, in order to reduce severe hematological toxicity
Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy in Elderly Patients with Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
Full text linkPurpose. To evaluate the treatment tolerance and clinical outcomes in patients aged 70 and older with locally advanced rectal carcinoma treated with multimodality approach. Methods and Materials. We retrospectively analysed 20 consecutive elderly patients, with histologically proven rectal adenocarcinoma, staged T3-4, and/or node-positive tumour, who received chemoradiotherapy and proceeded to surgical approach. Performance status score and adult comorbidity evaluation-27 score were calculated, and their influence on treatment tolerance and clinical outcomes was analysed. Results. All patients completed programmed chemoradiotherapy treatment. Gastrointestinal toxicity was the most common acute side effects: proctitis in 70% of patients and diarrhoea in 55%, classified as Grade 3 in 3 patients only. Radiation dermatitis was reported in 7 patients (35%) and it was graded G3 in one patient. There was no haematological toxicity. Eighteen patients out of 20 underwent surgery. Sphincter preservation was assured in 13 patients. Comorbidity index was related to higher severe acute toxicity (P = 0.015) but no influenced treatment outcomes. Conclusion. Treatment tolerance with combined modality is good in elderly patients. Due to age, no dose reduction for radiation therapy and chemotherapy should be considered
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