35 research outputs found
Silence and Invisibility: Exploring Labour Strategies of Zimbabwean Farmworkers in Musina, South Africa
No full textCommercial farms in South Africa have relied on cross-border migrant workers for decades.
In this article the author explores how social relations on farms in Musina, Limpopo, South
Africa, shape the employment conditions of Zimbabwean farmworkers. Drawing on empirical
fieldwork with 134 workers, the author argues that within a context of unequal social power
on farms and conditioned by a labour migration regime that has strong informal patterns,
workers use silence and invisibility as tactics of self-preservation, and everyday survival. The
author locates these actions within the political economy of Musina; and the strong desire
amongst farmworkers to ensure access to livelihoods in the face of compounded precarity.Commercial farms in South Africa have relied on cross-border migrant workers for decades.
In this article the author explores how social relations on farms in Musina, Limpopo, South
Africa, shape the employment conditions of Zimbabwean farmworkers. Drawing on empirical
fieldwork with 134 workers, the author argues that within a context of unequal social power
on farms and conditioned by a labour migration regime that has strong informal patterns,
workers use silence and invisibility as tactics of self-preservation, and everyday survival. The
author locates these actions within the political economy of Musina; and the strong desire
amongst farmworkers to ensure access to livelihoods in the face of compounded precarity.FacultyReviewe
Land claims in South Africa: Uniqueness, historical distortions and injustices on the copper miners of Musina
No full textThis article argues that the case of the land claim by the descendants of the Copper Miners of Musina (the Musina clan) presents a unique case of historical distortions and injustice of land and mineral resources ownership by a South African black community. Land claims in South Africa have become widespread since the advent of the country’s democracy. With the land reform programmes in South Africa, some communities have been able to lay their hands on lost land that was forcefully taken from the locals under apartheid. The achievement with regards to reparation in South Africa has seen some claims being successfully processed. However, there are some beneficiaries who undeservedly possess land through undetected fraudulent claims. When such exists; deserving claimants like the Musina clan remain landless because of historical distortions and failure by the current regime to restore justice. This article is conceptual and it uses literature analysis approach to argue that archeologists and ethnologists deliberately ignored the historical studies on the copper miners of Musina in order to hide the truth about the discovery of copper mining in Messina. There are writings making incorrect assumptions regarding how Lieutenant Colonel Pascoe Grenfell, James Harper and James Campbell in 1903 discovered coal in mines deserted by the natives in order to ascribe the discovery to the white community in Messina. The author argues that there were no disserted mines in Messina when Lieutenant Colonel Grenfell arrived in Messina in 1903, instead what he did was to register the company and obtain a discoverers certificate, introduce new technology of mining and expropriate the mine from the Musina clan without compensation. It is suggested that new avenues regarding such history be fully researched towards gaining a more comprehensive view of the role and impact of the Musina clan
Land claims in South Africa: Uniqueness, historical distortions and injustices on the copper miners of Musina
No full textThis article argues that the case of the land claim by the descendants of the Copper Miners of Musina (the Musina clan) presents a unique case of historical distortions and injustice of land and mineral resources ownership by a South African black community. Land claims in South Africa have become widespread since the advent of the country’s democracy. With the land reform programmes in South Africa, some communities have been able to lay their hands on lost land that was forcefully taken from the locals under apartheid. The achievement with regards to reparation in South Africa has seen some claims being successfully processed. However, there are some beneficiaries who undeservedly possess land through undetected fraudulent claims. When such exists; deserving claimants like the Musina clan remain landless because of historical distortions and failure by the current regime to restore justice. This article is conceptual and it uses literature analysis approach to argue that archeologists and ethnologists deliberately ignored the historical studies on the copper miners of Musina in order to hide the truth about the discovery of copper mining in Messina. There are writings making incorrect assumptions regarding how Lieutenant Colonel Pascoe Grenfell, James Harper and James Campbell in 1903 discovered coal in mines deserted by the natives in order to ascribe the discovery to the white community in Messina. The author argues that there were no disserted mines in Messina when Lieutenant Colonel Grenfell arrived in Messina in 1903, instead what he did was to register the company and obtain a discoverers certificate, introduce new technology of mining and expropriate the mine from the Musina clan without compensation. It is suggested that new avenues regarding such history be fully researched towards gaining a more comprehensive view of the role and impact of the Musina clan
New species of stygobiotic Belgrandiella from north Bulgaria (Gastropoda: Hydrobiidae)
No full textA new stygobiotic species of Belgrandiella from a cave in north Bulgaria was described. Nine shells were collected by the author on 09.03.2013 at the entrance of the Water cave (Vodnata) near village of Musina, north Bulgaria, N43 13 14.9 E25 25 39.6, 198 m alt. The systematic position of the genus Belgrandiella was also discussed
ON THE READINESS OF THE SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS TO INNOVATIVE WORK IN TERMS OF THE SECOND GENERATION FSES
No full textThe article is devoted to the issue of the secondary school teachers' readiness to innovations within the second generation GEF. The author stresses the importance of this issue in the context of teachers' comprehension of personal theoretical and practical readiness and the proper motiva-tion to innovate.Keywords: educational standard, innovations, educational paradigm, ideology and methodology of innovative education, teachers' theoretical and practical readiness to innovative activity, moti-vation, competence, innovations implementation barriers
CORPUS DELICTI WITH ALTERNATIVE SIGNS OF OBJECTIVE PART IN THE HISTORY OF CRIMINAL LAW IN THE SOVIET AND POST-SOVIET RUSSIA
No full textThe article develops the notion of corpus delicti with alternative signs of objective part, shows the types of alternative signs. The author comes to the conclusion that the presence of alternative signs of objective part determines the existence of a single complex crime (single corpus delicti). The author traces the practice of formulation of corpus delicti with alternative signs of objective part according to the Russian Criminal Codes of 1922, 1926 and 1960, as well as 1996
Combating Drug Addiction among Children by the UNICEF
No full textThe article focuses on drugs and on the ways how to combat this problem because drugs influence many spheres of our lives and one of the most significant goals of the human kind is to find a remedy to drug addiction and elaborate ways of fighting circulation of drugs. One of the crucial problems here is the inclusion of children into the sphere of interests of drug dealers who drag them into this business for the sake of extra gains. We witness the horror and the complexity of the problem and clearly see the necessity of dealing with it as it touches upon every one of us and especially our children Further the article offers the list of most common drugs and demonstrates effects they have on people. Afterwards the author shifts to the legal ways of fighting different aspects of drug addiction and circulation of drugs and enumerates several conventions on this subject.In its latter part the author pays attention to the ways of combating drug-addiction in the framework of the UN and particularly UNICEF. The Children’s Fund of the United Nations Organization together with the international and regional organizations, official bodies, educational centers implements different programs in the sphere of prevention, assistance and research in the field of fighting drugs. The UNICEF tries to unite the states to cooperate against “drug epidemic” by developing different programs, projects, and charitable actions. The complex strategy directed towards the reduction of drug abuse and spread of a HIV-infection, is of vital importance, as it will make the struggle against drugs more effective
Декоративная композиция в технике «горячая эмаль»
No full textЦелью работы является создание декоративного панно-вывески, отражающего в художественной форме концепцию театра-студии СПбГУ. Проект был создан для театральной студии при Санкт-Петербургском университете, которая начала свою историю осенью 1944 года. Для работы были выбраны два разных технических приема: живописная и перегородчатая эмаль. Композиция включает в себя стилизованное изображение Пьеро и Арлекина, театральную кулису и абстрактное изображение вечернего петербургского пейзажа. В своей работе художник использовал яркий насыщенный колорит,чем создал ощущение праздника.The goal behind my project was design development of the signboard-emblem for the theatre studio of the St. Petersburg University. The theatre studio has been operating since 1944. In own work author used hot enamel technique. The painter singled out some elements by a copper septum. The signboard-emblem consists of several parts. There are Pierrot and Harlequin in the foreground. They are the traditional characters of the Italian comedy del arte. On the left side there is a theatrical curtain with letters.At the top of the signboard there is the St. Petersburg`s landscape. The work has bright colors and creates a sense of celebration
Is forced migration a barrier to treatment success? Similar HIV treatment outcomes among refugees and a surrounding host community in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
No full textIn response to an absence of studies among refugees and host communities accessing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in urban settings, our objective was to compare adherence and virological outcomes among clients attending a public clinic in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among adult clients (≥18 years). Data sources included a structured questionnaire that measured self-reported adherence, a pharmacy-based measure of HAART prescription refills over the previous 24 months, and HIV viral loads. The primary outcome was unsuppressed viral load (≥40 copies/mL). Among a sample of 153 refugees and 148 host community clients, refugees were younger (median age 35 [interquartile range, IQR 31, 39] vs 40 years [IQR 35, 48], p < 0.001), more likely to be female (36 vs 21 %, p = 0.004), and to have been on HAART for less time (61 [IQR 35, 108] vs 153 weeks [IQR 63, 298]; p < 0.001). Among all clients, similar proportions of refugee and host clients were <95 % adherent to pharmacy refills (26 vs 34 %, p = 0.15). When restricting to clients on treatment for ≥25 weeks, similar proportions from each group were not virologically suppressed (19 % of refugees vs 16 % of host clients, p = 0.54). Refugee status was not independently associated with the outcome (adjusted odds ratio, aOR = 1.28, 95 % CI 0.52, 3.14). Overall, the proportions of refugee and host community clients with unsuppressed viral loads and sub-optimal adherence were similar, supporting the idea that refugees in protracted asylum situations are able to sustain good treatment outcomes and should explicitly be included in the HIV strategic plans of host countries with a view to expanding access in accordance with national guidelines for HAART
