65 research outputs found
Correction: Synthesis and X-ray structural characterization of the (chlorochalcogeno)phosphonium cations R<sub>2</sub>R′PSCl<sup>+</sup> and R<sub>2</sub>R′PSeCl<sup>+</sup> as their AuCl<sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup> salts
No full textCorrection for ‘Synthesis and X-ray structural characterization of the (chlorochalcogeno)phosphonium cations R2R′PSCl+ and R2R′PSeCl+ as their AuCl4− salts’ by Daniel Upmann and Peter G. Jones, Dalton Trans., 2013, 42, 7526–7528.</p
The (Non-)Equivalence of Input and Output Taxes Under Monopoly
No full textBayındır-Upmann T. The (Non-)Equivalence of Input and Output Taxes Under Monopoly. Bulletin of Economic Research. 2001;53(3):191-205.The author argues that a government taxing a polluting monopoly by means of levies on output and inputs can implement the first-best allocation through a continuum of tax profiles. Using this degree of freedom in the tax system, the government is, in general, able to transfer income from the firm to the public sector, so that the additional tax rate acts as a non-distorting tax on profits. This transfer – and therefore public revenue – is the higher, the lower (higher) the input taxes are, and correspondingly the higher (lower) the output tax is, provided that the production function exhibits decreasing (increasing) returns to scale
Pro-social behavior in the TV show “Come Dine With Me”: An empirical investigation
No full textSchüller D, Tauchmann H, Upmann T, Weimar D. Pro-social behavior in the TV show “Come Dine With Me”: An empirical investigation. Journal of Economic Psychology. 2014;45:44-55.We investigate the influence of social approval, reputation, and individual characteristics on voting behavior in the German version of the TV show “Come Dine With Me”. Five contestants prepare a dinner for each other during the course of a week and evaluate each other’s performance. The winner receives a monetary prize. Evaluations remain concealed until the show is broadcast. Because actual voting behavior remains concealed during the show, a contestant could evaluate his/her opponents as zero in an effort to increase his/her own chances of winning, without risking later punishment in the form of low scores. However, this behavior is not observed in our dataset, which runs from 2006 to 2011. We find that all of the following have a significant influence on the evaluating behavior: the objective sophistication of a meal; the order of cooking; whether a person has already cooked; and the social similarity between contestant and evaluator. These findings help to improve understanding of the impact that reputation and social approval have on economic decision making
No Pain, No Gain: Effort and Productivity in Professional Soccer
No full textWicker P, Prinz J, Weimar D, Deutscher C, Upmann T. No Pain, No Gain: Effort and Productivity in Professional Soccer. International Journal of Sport Finance. 2013;8(2):124-139.Several determinants of player values like productivity and human capital have been investigated in previous research; however, the influence of individual effort has been neglected. This study assumes that effort could be a signaling device and analyzes the effect of effort on market values of soccer players. Secondary data on player statistics and market values from the 2011/2012 season and the first half of the 2012/2013 season of the German Bundesliga were collected (n=877). Technical innovations that record routes and running distances in soccer allow using total running distance and number of intensive runs as effort measures. The results showed that effort had an insignificant or negative impact on logged market values and changes in market values. Only the interaction between intensive runs and tackling rate had a positive effect on logged market values, but not on changes in market values
Crystal structures of six complexes of phosphane chalcogenides R 1 R 2 R 3PE (R = tert-butyl or isopropyl, E = S or Se) with the metal halides MX 2 (M = Pd or Pt, X = Cl or Br), two halochalcogenylphosphonium derivatives ( t Bu2 iPrPEBr)2[Pd2Br6] and one hydrolysis product
No full textThe L2MX2 complexes 1–5 (1: L = tBuiPr2PSe, M = Pd, X = Cl; 2: L = tBu2iPrPSe, M = Pd, X = Cl; 3: L = tBu2iPrPSe, M = Pd, X = Br; 4: L = tBu2iPrPS, M = Pd, X = Br; 5: L = tBu2iPrPS, M = Pt, X = Cl) {systematic names: (tert-butyldiisopropylphosphine selenide-κSe)dichloridopalladium(II), [PdCl2(C10H23PSe)2] (1), (di-tert-butylisopropylphosphine selenide-κSe)dichloridopalladium(II), [PdCl2(C11H25PSe)2] (2), dibromido(di-tert-butylisopropylphosphine selenide-κSe)palladium(II), [PdBr2(C11H25PSe)2] (3), dibromido(di-tert-butylisopropylphosphine sulfide-κS)palladium(II), [PdBr2(C11H25PS)2] (4), dichlorido(di-tert-butylisopropylphosphine sulfide-κS)palladium(II), [PdCl2(C11H25PS)2] (5)} all display a trans configuration with square-planar geometry at the metal atom. Compounds 2 and 3 are isotypic. The molecules of 1 and 4 display crystallographic inversion symmetry; compound 5 involves two independent molecules, each with inversion symmetry but with differing orientations of the trialkylphosphane groups. Chemically equivalent bond lengths all lie in narrow ranges, whereby the values for palladium and platinum compounds scarcely differ. Compound 6, (tBuiPr2PS)2Pd2Cl4 {systematic name: di-μ-chlorido-bis[(tert-butyldiisopropylphosphine sulfide-κS)chloridopalladium(II)], [PdCl2(C10H23PS)2]}, is dinuclear with a central Pd2Cl2 ring, and displays crystallographic inversion symmetry. The bonds to the bridging are longer than those to the terminal chlorine atoms; the Pd—S bond is shorter than the M—S bonds in 4 and 5, reflecting the weaker trans influence of (bridging) chlorine compared to sulfur. Compounds 7 and 8, 2(tBu2iPrPEBr)+ [Pd2Br6]2− with E = S for 7 and Se for 8 {systematic names: (bromosulfanyl)di-tert-butylisopropylphosphanium di-μ-bromido-bis[dibromidopalladium(II)], (C11H25BrPS)2[Pd2Br6] (7) and (bromoselanyl)di-tert-butylisopropylphosphanium di-μ-bromido-bis[dibromidopalladium(II)], (C11H25BrPS2)2[Pd2Br6], (8)}, were obtained by oxidizing the appropriate PdII precursors with elemental bromine; they are not isotypic. The ions are connected by very short halogen bonds Br⋯Br. For both compounds, two E⋯Br contacts further link the cations and anions to form ribbons. Compound 9 {systematic name: bis[dimethyl(sulfanylidene)phosphinito-κSe]bis(hydroxydiisopropylphosphine selenide-κSe)palladium(II), [Pd(C6H14OP)2(C6H15OP)2], {(iPr2PSeO)2H}2Pd, is a hydrolysis product with inversion symmetry and contains an intramolecular P—O⋯H—O—P group with a disordered hydrogen atom. Compounds 1–6 and 9 show few, if any, short intermolecular contacts, although some H⋯M contacts are observed. A problem with atom-type assignment for structure refinement is discussed
Bromination and iodination of diphosphane dichalcogenides
No full textDiphosphine dichalcogenides form a variety of adducts with elemental bromine and iodine.</p
Crystal structures of six miscellaneous products arising from the oxidation of precursors R1R2R3PEAuX (R = tert-butyl or isopropyl; E = S or Se; X = Cl, Br or I)
No full textCompound 1, (disulfane-1,2-diyl)bis(tert-butyldiisopropylphosphonium) bis[tetrachloridoaurate(III)], (tBuiPr2P)2S2·[AuCl4]2, contains the first structurally characterized dication of the form {(R3P)2E}22+. The ions are linked by S...Cl contacts and C—Hmethine...Cl hydrogen bonds to form ribbons of residues parallel to the a axis. Compound 2 is bis(di-tert-butylisopropylphosphine sulfide-κS)gold(I) triiodide/diiodidoaurate(I)(0.905/0.095), [Au(C11H25PS)2][AuI2]0.095(I3)0.905, or [(tBu2iPrPS)2Au]I3 with 9.5% of the triiodide replaced by diiodidoaurate(I). Chains of alternating anions and cations parallel to [110] are formed by two S...I contacts. Compound 3 is bis(tert-butyldiisopropylphosphine sulfide-κS)gold(I) triiodide/diiodidoaurate(I)(0.875/0.125), [Au(C10H23PS)2][AuI2]0.125(I3)0.875 or [(tBuiPr2PS)2Au]I3 with 12.5% of the triiodide replaced by diiodoaurate(I). Chains parallel to [101] are formed by two S...I contacts. Compound 4, bis(di-tert-butylisopropylphosphine sulfide-κS)gold(I) heptaiodide, [Au(C11H25PS)2]I7 or [(tBu2iPrPS)2Au]I3·2I2, is formally the bis-diiodine adduct of 3, uncontaminated by diiodidoaurate(I). The cations and anions display crystallographic twofold symmetry. The unbranched I7− groups, I—I...I—I—I...I—I, are bent at the third and fifth atoms. The anions are linked by two S...I contacts to form a layer structure parallel to the bc plane. In all three structures 2–4, there are also weak C—Hmethine...I contacts. Compound 5, dibromido(di-tert-butyldithiophosphato-κ2S,S′)gold(III), [AuBr2(C8H18PS2)] or [AuBr2(tBu2PS2)], contains a four-membered chelate ring. It crystallizes with imposed mirror symmetry. An S...Br contact links the molecules to form corrugated layers parallel to the bc plane. In compound 6, di-tert-butyl{[di-tert-butyl(hydroxy)phosphanyl]diselanyl}phosphine oxide tetrabromidoaurate(III), (C16H37O2P2Se2)[AuBr4] or [(tBu2OPSe)2H][AuBr4], the cation has a central diselenide unit, and also displays an intracationic hydrogen bond O—H...O. Two Se...Br contacts link the residues to form zigzag chains parallel to [201]. The problem of determining whether an E...X contact (E = chalcogen, X = halogen) represents a halogen bond or a chalcogen bond is discussed
Après nous le Déluge: Fertility and the Intensity of Struggle against Immigration
No full textThis paper is inspired by a puzzling empirical fact that despite the importance of controlling migration for their future, the host countries allocate very limited amounts of resources to the struggle against illegal immigration. The present model analyzes this issue in the context of low fertility in the host countries and suggests a novel channel though which the intensity of the struggle against immigration can be related to fertility. The analysis shows that for childless individuals, who have no reason to care about the future, it is optimal to contribute less to the costly immigration-prevention measures.immigration, border enforcing, low fertility
A Race beyond the Bottom: The Nature of Bidding for a Firm
No full textWe examine how the bidding environment may affect the outcome of tax competition between two countries (or two regions) in attracting a firm’s foreign direct investment (FDI).We compare the equilibrium location choice and payoffs from an English auction, with both complete and incomplete information, relative to those in the traditional setting of a sealed-bid first-price auction. We find that an English auction leads to more aggressive bidding in “race beyond the bottom,” where the nations may bid beyond their own valuations of the FDI. We also discuss the roles of auction protocol and information asymmetry on the auction outcome.tax competition, foreign direct investment, international ownership, English auction, information asymmetry
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