153 research outputs found
U.S. trade policy towards developing countries
No full textThe United States has often been criticized for protectionist measures taken against developing country products. Yet, average agricultural protection has reemained practically nil in the U.S. over time, while rising in the European Common Market (E.C.M) and, even more, Japan. It further appears that manufactured imports from developing countries have increased much more rapidly, and reached higher levels, in the U.S. than in the E.C.M and, in particular, Japan. The U.S.-Japan comparisons for manufactured goods do not conform to the data on the extent of nontariff barriers, as measured by the share of imports from the developing countries which are subject to such trade barriers. The solution to the puzzle lies in part in the inadequacies of data on the share of imports subject to nontariff measures for gauging the protective effects of such measures and in part in the reliance on formal measures of protection in the United States as against the informal measures in Japan. More generally, one may explain the results obtained by reference to the openness of the U.S. market that has generally been more hospitable to imports from developing countries than have the markets of other industrial countries, particularly Japan.Poverty Assessment,Trade and Regional Integration,TF054105-DONOR FUNDED OPERATION ADMINISTRATION FEE INCOME AND EXPENSE ACCOUNT,Environmental Economics&Policies,Trade Policy
Les céramiques communes de la région Rhône-Alpes et du sud de la Bourgogne du Ier au Ve siècle ap. J.‑C. : répartition des groupes morphologiques et diffusion
No full textBatigne Vallet Cécile, Barthèlemy Daniel, Bonnet Christine, Cantin Nadia, Dumoulin François, Giry Karine, Laroche Colette, Leblanc Odile, Schmitt Anne, Silvino Tony, Varennes Guillaume, André I., Cellard E., Delage Richard, Desbat Armand, Frascone Daniel, Lamoine F., Langlois A., Mège C., Rongère S., Tripier A., Tyers P. Les céramiques communes de la région Rhône-Alpes et du sud de la Bourgogne du Ier au Ve siècle ap. J.‑C. : répartition des groupes morphologiques et diffusion. In: Les céramiques communes dans leur contexte régional : faciès de consommation et mode d'approvisionnement. Actes de la table ronde organisée à Lyon les 2 et 3 février 2009 à la Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée. Lyon : Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée Jean Pouilloux, 2012. pp. 21-36. (Travaux de la Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée, 60
Application of multivariate statistics and machine learning to phenotypic imaging and chemical high-content data
No full textImage-based high-content screens (HCS) hold tremendous promise for cell-based
phenotypic screens. Challenges related to HCS include not only storage and
management of data, but critical analysis of the complex image-based data. I
implemented a data storage and screen management framework and developed
approaches for data analysis of a number high-content microscopy screen formats.
I visualized and analysed pilot screens to develop a robust multi-parametric assay
for the identification of genes involved in DNA damage repair in HeLa cells.
Further, I developed and implemented new approaches for image processing and
screen data normalization. My analyses revealed that the ubiquitin ligase RNF8
plays a central role in DNA-damage response and that a related ubiquitin ligase
RNF168 causes the cellular and developmental phenotypes characteristic for the
RIDDLE syndrome. My approaches also uncovered a role for the MMS22LTONSL
complex in DSB repair and its role in the recombination-dependent repair
of stalled or collapsed replication forks.
The discovery of novel bioactive molecules is a challenge because the fraction of active
candidate molecules is usually small and confounded by noise in experimental
readouts. Cheminformatics can improve robustness of chemical high-throughput
screens and functional genomics data sets by taking structure-activity relationships
into account. I applied statistics, machine learning and cheminformatics
to different data sets to discern novel bioactive compounds. I showed that phenothiazines
and apomorphines are regulators for cell differentiation in murine
embryonic stem cells. Further, I pioneered computational methods for the identification of structural features that influence the degradation and retention of
compounds in the nematode C. elegans. I used chemoinformatics to assemble a
comprehensive screening library of previously approved drugs for redeployment
in new bioassays. A combination of chemical genetic interactions, cheminformatics
and machine learning allowed me to predict novel synergistic antifungal small
molecule combinations from sensitized screens with the drug library. In another
study on the biological effects of commonly prescribed psychoactive compounds,
I discovered a strong link between lipophilicity and bioactivity of compounds in
yeast and unexpected off-target effects that could account for unwanted side effects
in humans. I also investigated structure-activity relationships and assessed
the chemical diversity of a compound collection that was used to probe chemical-genetic
interactions in yeast. Finally, I have made these methods and tools available
to the scientific community, including an open source software package called
MolClass that allows researchers to make predictions about bioactivity of small
molecules based on their chemical structure
Politically Acceptable Trade Compromises Between The EC and The US: A Game Theory Approach
No full textA model is developed to quantify the special status of agriculture in the US and the EC trade negotiations. The role of special interests are measured by a policy goals function (PGF) whose weights are estimated for each special interest group. The analysis searches for mutually acceptable, mutually advantageous trade agreements between the US and the EC using a partial equilibrium world trade model coupled with game theory. Results suggest that it is in the best interest of the US (resp. EC) 'for the EC (resp. US) to liberalize whi1e the other follows the status quo policies of 1986. Mutual gains in PGF values to both countries pursuing "large" liberalizations are unlikely to exist, although "small" liberalizations may give rise to "small" mutual gains. Altering each country's action space, and permitting compensatory payments to the most influencial groups yields trade liberalization, but free trade does not result.game theory, trade liberalization, trade negotiations, International Relations/Trade,
MOOSE POPULATION HISTORY ON THE NORTHERN YELLOWSTONE WINTER RANGE
No full textMoose probably colonized the Northern Yellowstone Winter Range (NYWR) in the latter half of the 19th century. Euro-American settlement of the NYWR occurred at roughly the same time. Legislative protection of moose from hunting in the first half of the 20th century and suppression of wildfires facilitated moose population growth and range expansion. A hunting season in Montana along the northern boundary of Yellowstone National Park, authorized in 1945 in response to perceived damage by moose to willow stands, evidently reduced the moose population quickly and maintained it at moderate densities through 1988. In 1988, landscape-altering wildfires swept through the Yellowstone ecosystem and impacted old growth forest important for moose survival during winter. The moose population associated with the NYWR declined by 75% or more and has shown no sign of recovery by 2002. Several techniques for assessing population trend for moose on the NYWR were tested. Given the problems associated with monitoring a species at low densities with a dispersed social organization and occupying habitats where visibility is limited, aerial population censuses were not useful. A horseback trail survey, a road survey, and counts of moose in early winter or late spring in larger willow stands had greater potential as indices to moose population changes
Agricultural Trade Liberalization: Implications for Productive Factors in the U.S.
No full textThis report presents preliminary results of impacts on factors of production in the United States, following reductions in assistance to agriculture. Analysis was conducted by modifying the production structure of the U.S. country model in SWOPSIM to explicitly include inputs employed by agriculture. The results indicate that it is important to adequately model the production technology and include inputs, otherwise simulation results may not capture the impact of liberalization on input use and may not adequately represent changes in producer income.International Relations/Trade,
Partial Reform of World Rice Trade: Implications for the U.S. Rice Sector
No full textThis paper analyzes the consequences for the United States of a partial reform of world rice trade. It is argued that likely trade reform would occur in the japonica rice producing countries of Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and the European Community. Multilateral rice trade liberalization would have strong effects for medium grain rice in the United States. The strength of these effects might not be felt for a couple of years after the liberalization has begun because of minimal Japanese imports in the first couple of years of liberalization. U.S. rice millers will likely benefit more than producers. California producers would be the major beneficiaries of more open world rice markets.trade liberalization, rice, japonica rice, agricultural trade, simulation model, Crop Production/Industries, International Relations/Trade,
WS47: Drugs Affecting 5-HT Systems (20-Nov-2012)
No full textSelection of photos taken at the Witness Seminar “Drugs Affecting 5-HT Systems” held by the History of Modern Biomedicine Research Group, 20-Nov-2012. Participants: Professor Paul Andrews, Dr Jeffrey Aronson, Dr Y S (Mick) Bakhle, Dr Tom Blackburn, Professor David Clarke, Professor Phillip Cowen, Professor Helen Cox, Professor Gerald Curzon, Dr Colin Dourish, Professor Rod Flower (Chair), Professor Richard Green, Professor Daniel Hoyer, Dr Patrick Humphrey, Dr Jackie Hunter, Professor Alberto Kaumann, Professor Charles Marsden, Mr Wesley Miner, Professor Gavin Reynolds, Professor Merton Sandler, Professor Gareth Sanger, Dr Mike Tyers, Professor Tilli Tansey, and Professor David Wallis.The History of Modern Biomedicine Research Group is funded by the Wellcome Trust, which is a registered charity (no. 210183). The creation and curation of the current photo collection has been funded by the Wellcome Trust Strategic Award entitled “Makers of modern biomedicine: testimonies and legacy” (2012-2017; awarded to Professor Tilli Tansey)
Intracellular Proteolysis—Garbage Disposal? Rubbish! Ubiquitin and the Biology of the Cell Edited by Jan-Michael Peters, J. Robin Harris, and Daniel Finley New York: Plenum Press (1998). 472 pp. 128.50
No full textModiano’s detective: In search of lost memory
No full textThis article argues that Patrick Modiano’s The Black Notebook (2003) is influenced by and, at the same time, critically revises crime fiction tropes. Many researchers have identified and discussed Modiano’s fascination with memory and identity (Wardi, Scherman, Sanyal) and memory and history (VanderWolk, Hendrix, Gratton, Prus) as well as the fact that the author consistently uses devices and tropes from detective fiction (Cooke, Kawakami, Botta). The connection, however, between Modiano’s work and metaphysical detective fiction has not been explored with regards to The Black Notebook and, as a result, this essay seeks to highlight this connection. The writer of metaphysical detective fiction (in this case Modiano) uses the tropes of detective fiction to conduct investigations into more personal mysteries like our relationship with identity and memory rather than simply looking for a solution to a crime. Thus, this paper will investigate how Modiano explores the impossibility of knowing the self through writing by examining the author’s use of the tropes of detective fiction. The novel under analysis, The Black Notebook, employs the themes of the metaphysical detective narrative to further highlight our problematic relationship with textual closure, memory and space, textual curation and intertextuality
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