190 research outputs found
Extract of a bill of sale to Board of Managers by which Negro girl Sophia, sold by John Derr, is to serve Daniel Getzendanner until age 30 and then freed, June 1,1838
No full textExtract of a bill of sale to Board of Managers by which Negro girl Sophia, sold by John Derr, is to serve Daniel Getzendanner until age 30 and then freed. [Frederick County], June 1, 1838. Signed: Henry Schley, clerk
The Bride Minaret
No full textHeather Derr-Smith’s second collection journeys to the rough core of desire, creating and destroying binaries along the way. Familiar artifacts of domesticity become as volatile as land mines, and the streets of Damascus, Calcutta, and other faraway locales obliterate the American landscape. Yet Derr-Smith’s poetry transcends time and place, illuminating the ties that bind man to woman, mother to child. The Bride Minaret is a relentless chronicle of experience, where the sacred and profane become interchangeable, where “Every tent has a name, and every name is the breath of you.”
Her poems are intercultural, expansive while still grounded in the evocative complexities of motherhood, childhood, and faith. The Bride Minaret is a wonderfully intense collection. —Denise Duhamel, author of Two and Two and Mille et un sentiments
Often paying close attention to those displaced and/or disconnected from the society around them—Arabs in Europe, Americans in the Middle East, Mennonites in Iowa, Balkan refugees, Roma orphans, Palestinians, and, at the heart of the book, a mother now separated from her former, childless self—these poems ultimately argue that dislocation is itself a kind of location, just as living forever in one place can end up dislocating oneself from the realities of our time. —Wayne Miller, author of Only the Senses Sleep and The Book of Propshttps://ideaexchange.uakron.edu/uapress_publications/1116/thumbnail.jp
Help or Harm? Criminalizing Intimate Partner Violence and Feminist Abolitionist Frames
No full textThis is the Accepted Manuscript version of Derr, K., Hattery, A. J., & Smith, E. (2024). Help or Harm? Criminalizing Intimate Partner Violence and Feminist Abolitionist Frames. Violence Against Women, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1177/10778012241234895. Copyright © The Author(s) 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/10778012241234895.After decades of work by feminists to criminalize domestic violence, more recently feminist abolitionists have identified the harm that the carceral state has on all impacted by it, including victims/survivors. Based on interviews with a diverse sample of 22 women and men who were system impacted, we find evidence of cases in which the criminal legal system both helped and harmed the victim/survivor. We identify policy interventions that promote alternative methods to intervening in intimate partner violence relationships that center the victim/survivor, create safety, and reduce the increased surveillance and overall impact of the criminal legal system.The authors received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article
Flow-driven branching in a frangible porous medium
Get PDF© The Author(s), 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Derr, N. J., Fronk, D. C., Weber, C. A., Mahadevan, A., Rycroft, C. H., & Mahadevan, L. Flow-driven branching in a frangible porous medium. Physical Review Letters, 125(15), (2020): 158002, doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.158002.Channel formation and branching is widely seen in physical systems where movement of fluid through a porous structure causes the spatiotemporal evolution of the medium. We provide a simple theoretical framework that embodies this feedback mechanism in a multiphase model for flow through a frangible porous medium with a dynamic permeability. Numerical simulations of the model show the emergence of branched networks whose topology is determined by the geometry of external flow forcing. This allows us to delineate the conditions under which splitting and/or coalescing branched network formation is favored, with potential implications for both understanding and controlling branching in soft frangible media.N. D. was partially supported by the NSF-Simons Center for Mathematical and Statistical Analysis of Biology at Harvard, Grant No. 1764269, and the Harvard Quantitative Biology Initiative. C. H. R. and N. D. were partially supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. DMS-1753203. C. H. R. was partially supported by the Applied Mathematics Program of the U.S. DOE Office of Science Advanced Scientific Computing Research under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. L. M. was partially supported by the National Science Foundation under Grants No. DMR-2011754 and No. DMR-1922321
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The role of drought on root-associated bacterial communities across diverse cereal grass species and over a developmental gradient
Get PDFPlant roots represent a unique environmental niche within which diverse assemblages of bacteria come to flourish. Over the course of evolution, co-evolution between plant hosts and their associated bacterial communities have resulted in an intimate association between these two, such that plant health is highly dependent on presence and composition of these communities. It is known that plant tolerance to abiotic stresses is at least partially mediated by responses in belowground root communities – however, the community response to drought, perhaps the most agronomically important abiotic stress, remains largely unexplored. While the response to moisture limitation in soil bacterial communities and plant physiology have been detailed, synthesizing the existing literature to explore how these responses pertain to root community responses reveals a number of specific limitations in the current knowledge base for the droughted root microbiome. The dissertation presented here addresses important questions remaining in this area, including how community responses to drought are similar and different between a broad-ranging phylogenetic framework of plant hosts, how community profiles correspond to host relatedness and the effect drought may have on this relationship, and the response community profiles exhibit during host development with concurrent drought exposure.To explore common and distinct trends in the root microbiome under drought, eighteen grass lineages were planted in a common field and exposed to drought conditions, after which bacterial community profiles were examined. These results indicated a number of environmental and host factors exert a sigificant influence on bacterial community diversity. These factors included not only watering regime, but also compartment, species, and time point. The most striking drought-related trend was elevated relative abundance for lineages belonging to class Actinobacteria, a lineage of Gram-positive, monoderm bacteria. This enrichment was conserved across all examined plant host species and compartments, though especially pronounced in roots. As genomic analysis of enriched bacterial OTUs revealed sporulation is unlikely to account for elevated presence of Actinobacteria, we hypothesize a number of potential alternatives for this enrichment, such as the ability to degrade plant cell walls or putative plant growth-promotion abilities.This same work also investigates a potential correlation between host phylogeny and microbiome dissimilarity. While previous studies have looked at the role of genotype in microbiome community composition, limitations in experimental methodologies have precluded the ability to make inferences about how closely related plant species may harbor more similar root microbiota; furthermore, no studies as of yet have investigated whether drought affects this relationship. Using statistical tests, we confirm that a significant positive correlation exists between host phylogenetic distance and microbiome dissimilarity. This correlation is strongest in root-associated communities; however, effect size is smaller and less significant in compartments with increasing distance from the roots, and is weaker in drought treatments. We propose that there may be a conserved drought response shared between grass species that circumvents species-specific enrichment trends. Further research into the species effect on the microbiome reveals the existence of a drought core grass microbiome that includes a diverse array of bacteria. There is little knowledge available about how root communities change over the course of plant development, especially in response to abiotic stress, as plants are expected to take an active role in recruiting a beneficial microbiome upon stress exposure. Growing two cultivars of the grass Sorghum bicolor with distinct drought susceptibilities in a common field revealed that host plant developmental stage is a significant factor influencing microbiome composition. With respect to abundance trends, in replicates exposed to drought, relative abundance of class Actinobacteria increased with duration of drought at the expense of classes Sphingobacteria and multiple classes belonging to phylum Proteobacteria, a trend largely reversed upon rewetting. Replication of this experiment at an additional field site, incorporating pre- and post-flowering drought treatments and a full time series from emergence to senescence, allowed for further investigation of developmental trends. We observed that the root microbiome experiences an initial period of flux under control conditions but reaches an approximate steady state after roughly 3-5 weeks. Under pre-flowering drought stress, perturbations such as drought imposition or rewetting induce bacterial communities to echo this pattern of stability followed by flux, although this trend is not seen under post-flowering drought. Similarly, bacteria enrichment and depletion trends under drought from the initial pilot experiment were confirmed from results in this main experiment, but they were dependent on what developmental stage drought was imposed on plants, as community responses were far more pronounced for pre-flowering compared to post-flowering drought. We propose that a stable root microbial community is related to the plant’s acclimatization to the surrounding water conditions, and will continuously change under continuous application of a consistent watering treatment before reaching equilibrium after 3-5 weeks. Furthermore, as developmental stage was a significant factor in abundance trends, we hypothesize that plant establishment and maturity by post-flowering developmental stages allows for a microbiome more resistant to drought stress
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A role for genic DNA methylation in the governance of H2A.Z enrichment within gene bodies and the transcriptional regulation of responsive genes
Get PDFOne remarkable property of the eukaryotic cell is its ability to orchestrate the activities of thousands of genes in a complex temporal symphony of transcriptional expression. Development in multicellular species often requires that many genes lie dormant in early undifferentiated cellular lineages, awakening only in the tissues that they help define. Even single cellular species, such as the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, need to keep some genes in a temporary, transcriptionally-repressed state until the onset of particular environmental conditions. This is no easy feat to accomplish, and cells use many different molecular mechanisms to do so; this includes the intricate interplay of many epigenetic regulatory systems, such as the post-translational modification of histones, the incorporation of histone variants, and a covalent but reversible modification of the DNA itself, DNA methylation. In this dissertation, I describe a series of experiments designed to help understand the interaction between two of these epigenetic factors, DNA methylation and the histone variant H2A.Z, within the context of gene regulation. This work was conceived after initial mapping experiments in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana revealed that the genome-wide distributions of H2A.Z and DNA methylation are strikingly anticorrelated. Additionally experiments have revealed that the basis for this relationship is the exclusion of H2A.Z from chromatin by the presence of DNA methylation, an epigenetic principle that appears likely to be an ancient invention conserved among both plants and animals. To better understand what purpose this relationship might hold in eukaryotes, I developed an Arabidopsis partial loss-of-function h2a.z mutant, and surveyed its genome-wide RNA expression profile. These experiments revealed strong correlations between transcriptional misregulation in the h2a.z mutant, the presence of H2A.Z within gene bodies, and levels of gene responsiveness, a measure of the degree to which a gene's expression varies across tissue types or environmental conditions. As we have shown that the presence of DNA methylation antagonizes H2A.Z incorporation across the genome, we propose that one basal function of gene-body methylation, an ancient and yet mysterious chromatin feature found in many eukaryotes, may be the prevention of H2A.Z incorporation within the bodies of genes that need to be constitutively expressed. How gene body methylation is targeted in the first place remains unclear. The fact that genic methylation in all species is almost exclusively limited to CG sites, even in plants which have two other contexts of methylation that they use for the silencing of transposons, suggests that the various methylation targeting machineries are somehow able to distinguish between gene sequences and their other heterochromatic targets. Recently, several mutants in Arabidopsis have been shown to accumulate non-CG methylation within gene bodies. In order to understand the mechanisms responsible for this hypermethylation of genes, we examined the methylation profiles of these mutants. We discovered that the hypermethylation phenotypes of these mutants are quite different from one another in several respects, including their correlation with normal genic methylation, their distribution patterns across the gene body, and their dependence on the endogenous RNAi machinery. This suggests that multiple mechanisms may be responsible for controlling genic methylation patterns
Letter to Alfred L. Shoemaker, December 15, 1949
Get PDFA handwritten letter from a descendent of Peter Derr addressed to Alfred L. Shoemaker, dated December 15, 1949. Within, the author provides information about folk cures, Harvest Home services and the tradition of serenading newlyweds with loud music.https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/shoemaker_documents/1247/thumbnail.jp
NatSurFact: Progress in commercializing rhamnolipids
Get PDFNatSurFact is a rhamnolipid-based biosurfactant ingredient for the cosmetics industry developed by Logos Technologies. Rhamnolipids are a member of the glycolipid class of biosurfactants. They are made up of a rhamnose sugar head group and medium chain length 3-hydroxy fatty acid tails. Their structure was first elucidated in 1949 and they have been studied for myriad applications both academically and commercially since. While their properties as an anionic surfactant in the salt form are attractive – natural, mild, high foaming, high cleansing – they are not sold yet in appreciable commercial quantities. To bring rhamnolipids to market, Logos has focused on efficient and cost effective manufacturing. We will present some interesting characteristics of NatSurFact rhamnolipids product grades and discuss our process of production. We are working with a variety of downstream partners and academics to develop personal care formulations, including cosmetics, and our efforts will be detailed. Finally, we will talk about the future of rhamnolipids and NatSurFact as the market for biosurfactants begins to mature
A theory and research instruments for studying U.S. Naval officers careers
Get PDFCareer patterns are influenced as much by the individual as by the organization. They are often based on ones own definition of career success; his work values, motives and attitudes; his career stage and adult life stage development as they dynamically interrlate; family concerns (including the influence of the spouse); and the various options which are largely dependent on career politics. The author outlines the above theoretical concepts and suggests interview questions and questionnaire items to study these constructs. A bibliography is included. (Author)Organizational Effectiveness Research Programs
Office of Naval Research (Code 452)http://archive.org/details/theoryresearchin00der
Marietta High School Boys' Glee Club, 1934
No full textMarietta High School Boys' Glee Club, 1934; group of male students gathered outside building. (Orian, v. 16, 1934, p.95) Members listed in alphabetical order: Clarence Ash, Dale Abicht, Richard Becker, Daniel Burton, Robert Barth, Henry Bohl, Bernard Becker, Francis Clark, John Coffman, Elmer Caldwell Dwight Casto, Joe Dyer, Thomas Decker, Harold Fauss, David Fordham, Gordon Gaynor, Gardner Derr, Paul Haddad, Edward Harness, George Hutchinson, Joe Howard, Whitney Ingraham, Karl Krause, Dick Lowe, Harry Merydith, Lloyd Miller, Hayes McPheron, Donald Sandford, John Spielman, Warren Sauer, Ralph Semon, Robert Scott, Carl Sharp, William Strecker, Richard Sullivan, Vaughn Williams, David Wittlig, Jimmy Willis, Dick Rampp, Dick Gaynor, Clarie Thomas, Harold Apple, Howard Pierpoint, Joe Swan
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