6 research outputs found
Depth of Bacterial Penetration into Dentinal Tubules after Use of Different Irrigation Solutions: A Systematic Review of In Vitro Studies
No full text(1) The objective of the study is to conduct a comprehensive systematic review of in vitro studies in order to assess the depth to which E. faecalis bacteria penetrate human dentinal tubules after the use of various irrigation solutions. (2) Methods: A literature search of the MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Embase databases was conducted, as well as a backward and forward citation search. Two independent reviewers then selected suitable studies based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were extracted and the risk of bias and methodology of the studies were evaluated. (3) Results: Out of a total of 504 papers evaluated following the removal of duplicates, 7 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review. The heterogeneity of the studies made it impossible to perform a meta-analysis. The majority of the studies reported that sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) can affect the penetration depth of E. faecalis suspensions. The studies included in this review possess a moderate to high risk of bias and thus represent moderate evidence that the antimicrobial activity of NaOCl and CHX affects the intra-tubular penetration of bacteria. (4) Conclusions: The evidence indicates that irrigants may affect the bacteria inside human dentinal tubules. Standardized high-quality methods are needed to evaluate bacterial penetration in in vitro studies
Diagnosis Efficacy of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography in Endodontics—A Systematic Review of High-Level-Evidence Studies
No full textIntroduction: The integration of clinical inspection and diagnostic imaging forms the basis for endodontic diagnosis, decision making, treatment planning, and outcome assessments. In recent years, CBCT imaging has become a common diagnostic tool in endodontics. CBCT should only be used to ensure that the benefits to the patient exceed the risks. As such, our aim in this study was to evaluate the high level diagnostic efficacy studies and their risk of bias. Methods: A systematic search of the literature was conducted to identify studies evaluating the use of CBCT imaging in endodontics. The following databases were searched: Medline (PubMed), Scopus, and Cochrane Central. The identified studies were subjected to rigorous inclusion criteria. Studies considered as having a high efficacy level were then subjected to a risk of bias assessment using the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Diagnostic Test Accuracy. Results: Initially, 1568 articles were identified for possible inclusion in the review. Following title and abstract assessment, duplicate removal, and a full-text evaluation, 22 studies were included. Of those studies, 2 had a low risk of bias and 20 had a high risk of bias. Six studies investigated non-surgical treatment, eight investigated surgical treatment, two investigated both non-surgical and surgical treatment, and six studies investigated diagnostic thinking or decision making. Conclusion: The evidence for the influence of CBCT on decision making and treatment outcomes in endodontics is predominantly based on studies with a high risk of bias
1940 ネンダイ コウハン ノ ドイツ ブンガク ニオケル ユダヤ ジン ハクガイ ビョウシャ ヴォルフガング・ケッペン、エリザベス・ランゲッサー、ヘルマン・カザック ニミラレル シュウダンテキ カタリ
No full textapplication/pdfDer jüdische Historiker Dan Diner weist darauf hin, dass unterschiedliche Kollektive wie Völker oder Nationen auf unterschiedliche Weise den Holocaust erinnern und diese Erinnerung auf eine bestimmte Weise, in bestimmten Narrativen, ,erzählen'. In meinem Beitrag untersuche ich einige Beispiele von Holocaust-Beschreibungen in der frühen deutschen Nachkriegsliteratur. Wolfgang Koeppen, Elisabeth Langgässer und Hermann Kasack erzählen den Holocaust, so meine These, mit dem Schema der ,Natur', die den Menschen überlegen erscheint, wodurch die menschliche Schuld am Holocaust ausgeglichen und getilgt werden kann. Die Weltanschauung, durch die der Holocaust nicht mehr in den Bereich der menschlichen Verantwortung gestellt wird, wird hier als ein kollektives Narrative in der frühen deutschen Nachkriegsliteratur bezeichnet. Wolfgang Koeppen schreibt den Roman "Aufzeichnungen aus einem Erdloch" (1948) basierend auf dem autobiographischen Manuskript des jüdischen Briefmarkenhändlers Jakob Littner. Durch den Vergleich der Holocaust-Beschreibungen in Koeppens Roman mit Littners Originaltext kann man sehen, dass Koeppen den größten Teil der Passagen, in denen es um den gläubigen Charakter Littner geht, wegstreicht. An die Stelle der göttlichen Vorsehung tritt bei Koeppen die Natur; Koeppen spricht Littner einen an Naturphänomenen, wie "Sturm" oder "Regen", ausgerichteten Fatalismus zu. In diesem Roman legt Koeppen eine Verwechselung von Natur und Geschichte nahe. In der Erzählung "Wiedergeburt" (1946-49) von Elisabeth Langgässer rettet die deutsche Baronin Diana von S., die eine junge Witwe eines brutalen Ehemanns ist, einen polnischen Freiheitskämpfer namens Kasimir, der im KZ gefoltert und misshandelt wurde. Diana und Kasimir werden im Schema von ,Mann' und ,Weib' erzählt und sie begegnen sich in aller biblisch-paradiesischen Unschuld, gleichsam als Adam und Eva vor dem Sündenfall. Vor allem wird Diana, die ja eigentlich dem ,Tätervolk' der Deutschen angehört, durch die Misshandlungen ihres gewalttätigen Manns in ,Unschuld' verwandelt. Die ,Gewalt' ihres verstorbenen Mannes wird von Langgässer unter dem biblischen Aspekt als ,unerlöste Naturkraft' angesehen. Außerdem kann man die Aussage erkennen, dass Diana durch ihre ,gute Tat', nämlich die Befreiung Kasimirs, selbst ,erlöst' werden kann – und das heißt, dass sie von der unerlösten Seite der Natur zur Seite der Menschlichkeit kommen kann. Diana bekennt, dass Kasimir einen Menschen aus ihr, die "voller Haß" gewesen sei, gemacht habe. Man kann sagen, dass Langgässer historisches Geschehen – ein deutsches KZ während des Zweiten Weltkriegs, in dem polnische Freiheitskämpfer gequält werden – enthistorisiert und dass ihre religiöse Weltanschauung in Verbindung mit ihrer Betonung der ,Natur' die Grenze zwischen Täter und Opfer verwischt. Beim Roman "Die Stadt hinter dem Strom" (1947) von Hermann Kasack wird Natur für das ewige Gesetz gehalten und ,Natur' als ,Geist' sowie ,Geist' als ,Natur' vorgestellt. Diese Anschauung, den Geist als etwas Ewiges anzusehen, eröffnet die ,Ewigkeitsperspektive', in welcher ein solches Geschehen wie die historische Judenvernichtung durch die Nazis nur ein Mosaiksteinchen in einer endlosen Vernichtungsgeschichte wäre. Außerdem werden bei Kasack die Schuldigen bestraft, doch sie werden im Namen einer ewig gültigen ,Natur' bestraft. Unter dieser Weltanschauung der ,ewig-natürliche' Straf-Instanz wird die konkrete historische Frage nach den Kriegsverbrechen der Nazis nicht gestellt. Diese Textbeispiele zeigen, dass in ihnen das konkrete menschlich-geschichtliche Geschehen auf die Ebene der Natur verschoben wird. Meiner Meinung nach war diese Erzählweise des Holocausts, d.h. also den Holocaust im Schema der den Menschen überlegenen ,Natur' zu erzählen, nur für diesen bestimmten Zeitabschnitt der frühen deutschen Nachkriegsliteratur, bis etwa 1965, gültig. In den 1960er Jahren gab es Wendepunkt zu einer anderen, dokumentarischen Art der Holocaust-Thematisierung, wie dies vor allem bei Peter Weiss dann zu finden ist.departmental bulletin pape
Pathognomonic Combination of Clinical Signs for Diagnosis of Vertical Root Fracture: Systematic Review of the Literature
No full textIntroduction: Vertical root fracture (VRF) is a root-canal treatment complication and is a major reason for extraction of the root-canal-treated teeth. The diagnosis of VRF can be complicated because of absence of specific signs, symptoms, and radiographic features. A combination that includes the presence of deep pocket and a sinus tract in root-canal-treated tooth was proposed as a pathognomonic for VRF. The purpose of this study was to systematically search and evaluate the literature regarding the correlation between the clinical signs considered pathognomonic for the diagnosis of VRF, with the actual reference standard by means of systematic review of the literature. Methods: A systematic search of the literature was performed to identify studies evaluating the clinical signs considered pathognomonic for the diagnosis of VRF. The following databases were searched: Medline (PubMed), Scopus, and Cochrane Central. The identified studies were subjected to strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Initially, 1141 possible relevant articles were identified. After title and abstract screening, 40 articles were subjected to a full-text evaluation, 3 articles met the inclusion criteria and contained data regarding the prevalence of the pathognomonic combination in VRF’s-confirmed teeth. The presence of deep pocket and a sinus tract in endodontically treated teeth was found in 28% of the cases. Conclusion: To date, the current scientific knowledge regarding the correlation between the clinical symptoms considered pathognomonic for VRF diagnosis in the root-canal-treated tooth and the actual reference standard is quite low
Endodontic Management of Endo-Perio Lesions
No full textAn endo-perio lesion is one of the more common tooth-related problems. An association between the presence of apical and marginal periodontitis is known in the literature and has been observed in 5.7% of individuals aged 40–45 years old. The purpose of the present article is to present three case reports describing the successful retreatment of endo-perio lesions. In each of these cases, we used a biologically active bioceramic root canal sealer, GuttaFlow Bioseal, which is a bioactive root canal filling material composed of gutta percha, polydimethylsiloxane, platinum catalyzer, zirconium dioxide, and bioglass. All cases were followed up clinically and radiographically for a period of at least 11 months
Restless legs syndrome: A review
No full textRestless legs syndrome (RLS) is a sensorimotor disorder characterized by an irresistible urge to move the limbs accompanied by uncomfortable sensations, leading to sleep disturbances. It is associated with psychiatric comorbidities and a decreased quality of life. RLS is common and most severe among females and the elderly. It may be primary or secondary to other conditions and may be familial. Linkage to several chromosomal loci have been demonstrated. The pathogenesis of RLS involves dopaminergic dysfunction, iron metabolism, and abnormalities in supraspinal inhibition. The mainstay of RLS therapy are dopamine agonists or levodopa. 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