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Avenzoar (1092-1162 AD) and Averroes (1126-1198 AD) and Origin of the Cannula for Tracheotomy: Reply
No full text[No abstract available
Bloodletting from the ankle vein to treat sciatic pain.
No full textThe most renowned physicians through the Middle Ages
and the Renaissance up to the Modern practiced bloodletting
from the “sciatic vein” (saphena minor or small
saphenous vein, which runs behind or under the external
ankle) as a cure for sciatic pain. Here we review historic
descriptions of this procedure carefully selected from
medical literature in Latin language from the Middle Ages
and the Renaissance and hazard a guess as to why
phlebotomy of the sciatic or saphenous veins was conceived
of as a possible remedy
Transplantation of parts of autologous bone organs
No full textThe bone organs, or bones, are composed of cartilaginous,
connective, hematopoietic, nervous, bone, vascular, and lipid tissues, each of which has specific
functions. An autologous bone flap that has been cryopreserved, ethylene oxide sterilized or placed in an abdominal pouch and re-implanted after decompressive craniectomy meets Directive 2004/23/EC’s definition of a “part of organ” because it “maintains its structure and resumes the capacity to develop physiological functions with an important level of autonomy”
ACUTE POSTRAUMATIC SUBDURAL HEMATOMAS: "INTRADURAL" COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE AS A FAVORABLE PROGNOSTIC FACTOR.
No full textFibrolipoma. Reply.
No full textWe are very grateful for the comments and constructive suggestions made by Mark A. Mahan et al. regarding our recent article1. The critical review provides better knowledge regarding lipomatous lesions of the nerves2. However, in our manuscript we do not discuss the broad but interrelated spectrum of lipomatous lesions of the nerves.
We have reviewed our magnetic resonance images and found that the lesion appeared to have homogeneous low signal intensity on T1-weighted images and dishomogeneous hyperintensity on T2-weighted images. In the sagittal sequences, the T-6 nerve, which was very thin and stretched, was detectable in its intra-foraminal and extra-foraminal course and completely surrounded by pathological tissue, as a single strand. An abnormal area of high signal intensity in the vertebral body of T6 was evident on T2-weighted images. After the addition of contrast medium, the lesion exhibited dishomogeneous enhancement.
In the surgical theater, the T6 nerve was found to be completely embedded inside the lesion. The distal portion of the nerve emerged from the lesion, and the proximal stump of the nerve emerged only after total resection of the tumor. The lesion did not invade the bone, which had a normal appearance without any sign of infiltration. We interpreted this finding as a reaction (edema) of the bone marrow to the fibrous-fatty tissue, which persisted, though to a lesser extent, in the postoperative MRI performed a few days ago, without any recurrence.
The histological specimen showed a very poor vascular network, not allowing the utilization of the adjective “vascular”, and consequently angiofibrolipoma. In contrast, fibrous connective tissue was abundant and perineural fibrosis evident. We maintain our diagnosis of neural fibrolipoma of the T-6 nerve but think that additional cases in the spinal cord could enhance our knowledge of this rare entity, as well as lipomatous lesions of the nerves
Origin of the cannula for tracheotomy during the middle ages and Renaissance.
No full textThe purpose of this article was to trace the historical origin of the inserted cannula during tracheotomy. Tracheotomy is mentioned in most ancient medical texts, but the origin of cannula insertion into the windpipe is unclear. We reviewed the incunabula and Renaissance texts reporting the utilization of surgical cannulas and tracheotomy. The incunabula disclosed extended use of surgical cannulas during the middle ages and Renaissance. Although tracheotomy was advocated in acutely suffocating patients for a disease of the throat termed squinantia or angina, the first report of the procedure was found only at the end of the middle ages and a second during the middle Renaissance. The introduction of cannula use in tracheotomy was supported by a semantic misinterpretation by Antonio Musa Brasavola. The historical origin for tracheotomy in the middle ages and Renaissance is conflicting. Antonio Brasavola wrongly interpreted Avicenna's oral cannula introduced into the windpipe for angina. This misinterpretation allowed Giulio Casserio to draw the first curved cannula introduced for used during tracheotomy
Meningioma following high-dose radiation therapy. Case report and review of the literature
No full textA case of meningioma induced by high-dose radiation therapy (40 Gy) is reported. The radiation had been given 11 years previously following operation for cerebral astrocytoma. Pertinent cases of benign meningioma occurring after radiation therapy are reviewed and analyzed
Development of a delayed acute epidural hematoma following contralateral epidural hematoma evacuation. case report and review of literature
No full textThe formation of a post-traumatic delayed epidural hematoma (DEDH) is a rare but well-described complication in the literature. It is defined as an extradural bleeding not evident at the first computed tomography (CT) scan performed after trauma, but evidenced by further radiological evaluations. The most supported hypothesis about the mechanism responsible for the formation of a DEDH concerns above all the loss of a tamponade effect given by the reduction of intracranial pressure with medical or surgical treatment. A 30-year-old man was admitted to the emergency department with an epidural hematoma (EDH) associated with a linear calvarial bitemporal coronal fracture. A few hours after the surgical procedure for hematoma evacuation, the patient developed a DEDH contralateral to the site of surgical procedure. The literature review identified other 27 analogue cases. The presence of a calvarial fracture contralateral to the site of a craniotomy and the intraoperative brain swelling during EDH removal are suspicious for the development of DEDH. A CT scan has to be urgently performed in this situation. The timing of postoperative radiological examinations after EDH removal has to consider possible complications and has to be balanced on the basis of patient’s clinical condition and neuroradiological data, such as skull fractures or intraoperative anomalies. The development of a DEDH after the surgical removal of an EDH is a rare event, characterized by a high mortality rate. DEDH develops preferentially on the contralateral side and with a concomitant skull fracture
Effectiveness of posterior tension band fixation in the thoracolumbar seat-belt type injuries of the young population.
No full textMENINGIOMAS OF THE TUBERCULUM SELLAE. OUR EXPERIENCE IN 69 CASES SURGICALLY TREATED BETWEEN 1973 AND 1993.
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