359 research outputs found
Synthetic Scaffold/Dental Pulp Stem Cell (DPSC) Tissue Engineering Constructs for Bone Defect Treatment: An Animal Studies Literature Review
No full textBackground: Recently a greater interest in tissue engineering for the treatment of large bone defect has been reported. The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the effectiveness of dental pulp stem cells and synthetic block complexes for bone defect treatment in preclinical in vivo articles. Methods: The electronic database and manual search was conducted on Pubmed, Scopus, and EMBASE. The papers identified were submitted for risk-of-bias assessment and classified according to new bone formation, bone graft characteristics, dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) culture passages and amount of experimental data. The meta-analysis assessment was conducted to assess new bone formation in test sites with DPSCs/synthetic blocks vs. synthetic block alone. Results: The database search identified a total of 348 papers. After the initial screening, 30 studies were included, according to the different animal models: 19 papers on rats, 3 articles on rabbits, 2 manuscripts on sheep and 4 papers on swine. The meta-analysis evaluation showed a significantly increase in new bone formation in favor of DPSCs/synthetic scaffold complexes, if compared to the control at 4 weeks (Mean Diff: 17.09%, 95% CI: 15.16–18.91%, p < 0.01) and at 8 weeks (Mean Diff: 14.86%, 95% CI: 1.82–27.91%, p < 0.01) in rats calvaria bone defects. Conclusion: The synthetic scaffolds in association of DPSCs used for the treatment of bone defects showed encouraging results of early new bone formation in preclinical animal studies and could represent a useful resource for regenerative bone augmentation procedure
TREATMENT OF DESCENDING NECROTIZING MEDIASTINITIS ASSOCIATED WITH DEEP NECK INFECTIONS: AN ACCOUNT OF THE MOST CURRENT DATA
No full textDeep neck infections (DNIs) are life-threatening diseases that represent the crossroads between maxillofacial surgery and otorhinolaryngology. A DNS has the potential to extend into the mediastinum, where it can trigger a very dangerous disease known as descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM), which has a high mortality rate. This article reviews the etiology, bacteriology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic techniques, and management approaches for DNIs and DNM. We emphasize the importance of early diagnosis by imaging studies, such as computed tomography (CT), and a multidisciplinary approach utilizing antibiotics coupled with surgical intervention for the management of these life-threatening diseases
Ceramic Biomaterials in Dentistry: Review
No full textRecent years have seen significant advancements in the field of materials science, accompanied by progress in analytical techniques and the discovery of new control devices and materials. These advancements have paved the way for the development of innovative approaches for raw material selection, with particular attention to creating advanced materials with specific physical and chemical properties tailored to meet desired criteria. This growing demand is particularly pronounced in environments with complex conditions, such as biological environments like the oral cavity. Consequently, there is a pressing need to identify and design materials that meet rigorous standards capable of withstanding such demanding environments. In the search for materials suitable for these applications, the need for advanced additives or biomaterials arises, which not only possess specific physicochemical attributes but also emulate biological materials, such as teeth, once integrated into biological systems.
These biomaterials, spanning a wide range from metals, alloys, and polymers to glasses (bioglass), carbon fiber composites, and biological materials, interface with biological systems such as tissues and human fluids. However, it is essential to emphasize that biomaterials, while in contact with biological entities, differ from pharmaceutical materials. Therefore, they must exhibit biocompatibility, bioabsorbability, or inertness, depending on the intended applications. Unlike traditional inert materials, biomaterials are closely linked to the biological environment. Their surfaces can be customized to mimic organic structures they replace, ensuring optimal adhesion to tissues or skeletal structures. Moreover, they must not only interact harmoniously with organic molecules but also avoid eliciting toxic responses similar to those of xenobiotics. Therefore, interdisciplinary definitions such as biocompatibility, bioabsorbability, and toxicity, along with bioethical considerations, are indispensable for delineating the suitability of various materials in medical contexts
Conservative Surgical Approach to Restore Necrotic Columella in Patients Undergoing Neonatal Usage of Nasogastric Tube
No full textCONTEXT: A common complication, related to the use of nasogastric tube during the 1st day of life, is the necrosis of the columella. Esthetic damage in the early age typically leads to a healing request with very high result expectations.
AIMS: We aimed to develop and use an innovative surgical technique.
SETTINGS AND DESIGN: We used our technique in four cases.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Our technique requires two flaps designed with two paramedian release incisions. The two flaps will be sutured to what remains of the fibrous septum; finally, the two flaps will be sutured together in the medial region.
RESULTS: Postoperative course was devoid of any complication. All patients gained esthetic improvements and an increase in the volume of the columella on the sagittal and frontal planes.
CONCLUSIONS: This technique allows a conservative approach with low donor site morbidity and rapid postoperative course
Molecular characterization and antibiotic resistance of salmonella serovars isolated in the Apulia region of Italy
No full textDuring the period January 2013 December 2015, 175 cases of human salmonellosis were reported in the Apulia Region of Italy.
The aim of this study was to characterize Salmonelle strains from the standpoint of serovars prevalence,antimicrobial resistance and clonal origin. All the strains were tested by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis ( PFGE) according to the PulseNet Protocol and cluster analysis was performed using BioNumerics Software. Molecular typing by PFGE yelded 60 different macrorestriction profiles among 33 serotypes
Oral-Gut Microbiome and Bone Health: Exploring Interplay
No full textThis review provides a comprehensive analysis of the intricate interplay among the gut microbiome (GM), bone health, interleukins, chronic periodontitis, and COVID-19 within a concise 300-word limit. It begins by exploring the symbiotic relationship between the GM and bone health, delineating their composition, functions, and influencing factors. The discussion seamlessly transitions to the interaction between the GM and bone metabolism, emphasizing nutrient absorption, microbial metabolites, specific bacteria, and immune modulation. Experimental evidence highlights the significant impact of the GM on bone health, elucidating the roles of microbial metabolites and bacterial strains. The analysis further investigates the complex nexus between interleukins, chronic periodontitis, and COVID-19, underscoring genetic variations and immune responses shaping susceptibility and severity in viral infections. Chronic periodontitis emerges as a crucial focal point for understanding systemic dysbiosis, with genetic factors, dysbiosis, and therapeutic approaches offering insights into risk assessment and potential interventions.
The proposed shift in therapeutic strategies centers on addressing dysbiosis, immune dynamics, and endocrine balance to manage degenerative and infectious diseases effectively. In conclusion, this review navigates the intricate landscape of human physiology, weaving together diverse elements to provide a holistic understanding. It underscores the importance of ongoing research to unravel the complex interplay of genetics, immune responses, and systemic health, emphasizing the need for continued exploration in this field
National average dental fee schedule 2025: a reference for the medicolegal evaluation of economic damages in Italian Civil Law
No full textBACKGROUND
The medicolegal evaluation of dental damages in civil litigation plays a crucial role in establishing causal relationships and determining appropriate therapeutic interventions to restore pre-injury functional and aesthetic conditions. This assessment also includes anticipating future treatment needs, especially in prosthetic and conservative dental care, based on the average clinical lifespan of interventions. Medicolegal consultants are responsible for verifying the adequacy of dental expenses, both incurred and projected, submitted by claimants, particularly in insurance and civil liability disputes.
METHODS
In Italy, the abolition of national minimum fees for medical and dental services resulted in the development of alternative nomenclatures and fee schedules by professional associations and scientific societies between 2005 and 2009. These initiatives aimed to create a standardized and transparent framework for communication between dental professionals and patients. The study evaluates national dental treatment costs by applying inflation-adjusted criteria to the fee schedules established by the Italian National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT) and the National Association of Italian Dentists (ANDI) in 2009. Additionally, reimbursement data from private insurance providers and fee schedules from the Italian Academy of Legal and Forensic Dentistry and regional Dental Councils are integrated into the analysis.
RESULTS
The study proposes a National Average Dental Fee Schedule 2025, calibrated to reflect contemporary clinical, economic, and professional realities. This updated fee schedule is 8.8% lower than the 2009 ANDI fee schedule and 13.7% lower than national fee schedules developed by the Italian Academy of Legal and Forensic Dentistry. The new schedule aims to serve as a standardized reference in legal and forensic dentistry, aligning with best practices for assessing economic damages in civil dental law cases and evaluating the appropriateness of dental service costs.
CONCLUSIONS
The National Average Dental Fee Schedule 2025 offers a comprehensive economic reassessment of dental treatment costs in Italy, addressing the technological, commercial, and organizational changes in the dental sector. By adapting to current realities, this new fee schedule provides a valuable tool for medicolegal professionals in assessing economic damages and determining the reasonableness of dental service expenses in civil legal proceedings
Lichen striatus successfully treated with oral cyclosporine
No full textLichen striatus is an acquired, benign, linear inflammatory dermatosis characterized by a sudden skin eruption along Blaschkoâs lines that usually is not associated with specific etiologic agents. In most cases, it is a self-limited dermatosis, but may relapse. Topical steroids are its first-line therapy, but this treatment is not always effective. We describe the case of a 45-year-old woman affected by a lichen striatus on her right limb resistant to topical corticosteroid therapy. The patient was successfully treated with cyclosporine (4 mg/kg/die) for 4 weeks with no recurrence of the dermatitis during the subsequent 1-year follow-up period
Advancing Postoperative Pain Management in Oral Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review
No full textThe goal of this review is to shed light on the management of orofacial discomfort after a cancer diagnosis in the head and neck region. A search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science to identify studies on postoperative pain control in oral cancer. The review included open-access research, investigations into pain management, randomized clinical trials, retrospective studies, case-control studies, prospective studies, English-written studies, and full-text publications. Exclusion criteria included animal studies; in vitro studies; off-topic studies; reviews, case reports, letters, or comments; and non-English language. Three reviewers independently accessed databases and assigned a quality rating to the chosen articles. The review explores postoperative pain management in oral cancer patients; highlighting persistent opioid use; the efficacy of adjuvant drugs, such as gabapentin; and a multimodal approach. It emphasizes the need for personalized pain management, recognizing individual pain perception and tailoring interventions. Integrating pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies is crucial for comprehensive pain management. The review also serves as a guide for future research, emphasizing the need for standardized methodologies and diverse participant populations
Six-Year Implants Follow-Up After Guided Bone Regeneration Using Autologous Tooth Graft: Innovative Biomaterial for Bone Regeneration Tooth Transformer®
No full textObjectives: Recently, there has been great interest in teeth and their derivatives as suitable substrates for the treatment of alveolar bone defects. This retrospective study evaluates the clinical and radiographic outcomes of implants inserted in a site that underwent GBR procedure using a tooth derivate material. Materials and methods: A total of 21 patients received a GBR using an autologous extracted tooth. Four months after the GBR techniques, the implants were inserted and were followed for an average of 5.28 + −1.10 years after loading. The X-ray was analyzed after a period of 63.36 + −13.2 months for a total follow-up period. Results: A total of 28 implants were inserted. All the implants were clinically functional after the follow-up period. The average bone loss from the X-ray images was 0.1208 + −0.1307. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, the use of a tooth as a graft using a tooth transformer device guarantees the production of bone and maintenance over time
- …
